Marcel Carné
Marcel Carné (born August 18, 1906 in Paris , † October 31, 1996 in Clamart near Paris) was a French film director .
Life
Carné was the son of a carpenter. His mother died when he was five years old, so he was raised by his grandmother and an aunt. After attending an arts and crafts school and doing military service, the young Carné, who was interested in film, initially worked as an insurance agent and then came to film as a camera technician. When he was already a camera assistant, he also began writing film reviews for Paris newspapers.
In 1929 he used a hand-held camera to shoot the short documentary film Nogent about Sunday excursionists in Paris. The film career as a director was still a long time coming. First he traveled to the USA as a film critic . Back in France, he became assistant director to René Clair and Jacques Feyder . Feyder became something like Carné's artistic godfather. He introduced him to the author Jacques Prévert , nine years his senior , with whom Carné remained lifelong friends and who wrote the screenplay for his debut as a feature film director: Feyder's wife Françoise Rosay played the leading role alongside Jean-Louis Barrault in the film Jenny . His breakthrough came with his second film Drôle de drame : Prévert had again written the screenplay, this time for a crime grotesque that is as important in France as arsenic and lace bonnets or ladykillers in the USA and England. The two films Le Quai des brumes and Le jour se lève , in each of which Jean Gabin played the leading role, made Carné next to Jean Renoir the most important French filmmaker of the 1930s ( poetic realism ). The Second World War and the occupation by the Germans could not end this rise. Carné's films were banned by the occupying power; but he managed to make Les visiteurs du soir in 1942 and, between 1943 and 1945, Children of Olympus under the most difficult conditions , the most important film in his work, which is considered one of the best films of all time.
In the decades after the Second World War, Carné could not build on earlier successes and the level of Children of Olympus . He made his last film in 1977 and then lived in seclusion. Marcel Carné was the first jury president of a 1956 Berlinale at the Berlin International Film Festival . In 1979 he was elected as the first film director to the Académie des Beaux-Arts .
Marcel Carné died on October 31, 1996 at the age of 90 in Clamart near Paris. He was buried on the Cimetière Saint-Vincent on Montmartre .
Filmography
- 1929: Nogent, Eldorado du dimanche
- 1936: Jenny
- 1937: a strange case (Drôle de drame)
- 1938: Harbor in the Fog (Le Quai des brumes)
- 1938: Hôtel du Nord
- 1939: The day is dawning (Le Jour se lève)
- 1942: The night with the devil (Les Visiteurs du soir)
- 1945: Children of Olympus (Les Enfants du paradis)
- 1946: Gates of the Night (Les Portes de la nuit)
- 1950: Marie from the port (La Marie du port)
- 1951: love a dream (Juliette ou la clé des songes)
- 1953: Thérèse Raquin - You shall not commit adultery (Thérèse Raquin)
- 1954: The Air of Paris (L'Air de Paris)
- 1956: Luckily it does exist (Le Pays d'où je viens)
- 1958: Those who deceive themselves (Les Tricheurs)
- 1960: Dangerous pavement (Terrain vague)
- 1962: Food for cute birds (Du Mouron pour les petits oiseaux)
- 1965: Three rooms in Manhattan (Trois chambres à Manhattan)
- 1968: Like young wolves (Les jeunes loups)
- 1971: Murderer by the Rules (Les Assassins de l'ordre)
- 1974: La Merveilleuse visit
- 1977: La Bible
Awards
- 1938: Venice Film Festival - Honorable Mention for directing Hafen im Nebel
- 1953: Venice Film Festival - Silver Lion for Thérèse Racquin
- 1971: Venice Film Festival - Golden Lion of Honor for his life's work
- 1979: César for his life's work
- 1991: Luchino Visconti Prize for his life's work at the David di Donatello award ceremony
- 1995: European film award for his life's work
literature
- Marcel Carné: La vie à belle dents. Souvenirs. Belfond, Paris 1989, ISBN 2-7144-2362-0 (French autobiography)
- Edward Baron Turk: Child of Paradise. Marcel Carné and the golden age of French cinema. Cambridge (Massachusetts), Harvard University Press, London 1989, ISBN 0-674-11460-4
- Anja Sieber: The scorn of fear. Jacques Prévert's social criticism in Marcel Carné's films. Avinus, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-930064-00-7
- Peter Theml: [Article] Marcel Carné. In: Thomas Koebner (Ed.): Film directors. Biographies, descriptions of works, filmographies. With 109 illustrations. 3rd, updated and expanded edition. Reclam, Stuttgart 2008 [1. Ed. 1999], ISBN 978-3-15-010662-4 , pp. 113-117
Web links
- Literature by and about Marcel Carné in the catalog of the German National Library
- Marcel Carné in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Richly illustrated page on the 100th birthday of Marcel Carné (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Turk: Child of Paradise. P. 448
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Carné, Marcel |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French film director |
DATE OF BIRTH | August 18, 1906 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris , France |
DATE OF DEATH | October 31, 1996 |
Place of death | Clamart , France |