Lydia Gottschewski

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Lydia Gottschewski or Lydia Ganzer-Gottschewski , also Lydia Gottschewsky , Lydia Ganzer-Gottschewsky or Lydia Ganzer (born July 8, 1906 in Nickelswalde near Danzig ; † 1989 ) was a German teacher, publicist, National Socialist and temporarily federal leader (Reichsleiterin) of the federal government German girl (BDM) and head of the Nazi women's association .

Life

In her youth, Gottschewski was a member of the Wandervogel. She studied philology in Munich, Danzig, Greifswald and Kiel. She was a student trainee and then a teacher at a private school.

During her studies, she joined the NSDAP on February 1, 1929 , membership number 11364. She became a consultant for the National Socialist Student Union (ANSt) and a functionary of the Association of German Girls, for which she founded several local groups. From January 1932 she was BDM training manager in Munich, from January 1933 acting leader of BDM department IX of the HJ Reich Youth Leadership. In February 1933 Gottschewski was appointed by Baldur von Schirach as BDM federal leader. She fulfilled this task until June 1933.

On April 26, 1933, after Elsbeth Zander (1888–1963) had left the leadership of the Nazi women's group until September 1933, Gottschewski took over as Reichsleiterin. She entrusted this task to Robert Ley , who had recently dismissed Zander. Gottschewski was considered a radical National Socialist and on the one hand was supposed to balance the dispute between the NS women and the Hitler Youth over influence in the BDM, and on the other hand to enforce the coordination of all women's organizations. Their radicalism led to internal party criticism and the establishment of the rival organization Reichsarbeitsgemeinschaft deutscher Frauenverbände by Wilhelm Frick . As part of the merger of the two organizations, Gottschewski was replaced by Gottfried Krummacher on September 13, 1933 . She sued unsuccessfully in a party court against her dismissal.

After being replaced from both positions, from October 1933 she was head of the training department in the Nazi women's group in Munich. Afterwards she worked in the press department of the National Socialist People's Welfare and head of the cultural department of the Nazi women's association.

In May 1935 Gottschewski married the historian Karl Richard Ganzer . After her marriage, she ended her work in women's leadership, but continued to work as a journalist. She had four children. Her husband was killed in Russia in October 1943.

She lived with her family in Austria until 1945, then in Munich. In 1953 the family moved to Heiligenhaus near Düsseldorf, 1961 to Münster.

In her denazification process she was initially classified as a “minor offender”. In a follow-up procedure in 1949, this classification was revised and a classification as a “fellow traveler” was made.

As Lydia Ganzer, she belonged to the Naumann circle . In the 1950s she wrote for the Ostpreußen-Warte and the Ostpreußenblatt and gave poetry readings.

Your writings Männerbund and Frauenfrage. The woman in the new state ( Lehmann , Munich 1934) and Das deutsche Frauenantlitz (Lehmann, Munich 1939) were placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet occupation zone .

literature

  • Michael Buddrus : Total education for total war. KG Saur, 2003, short biography on p. 1146.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kathrin Kompisch, Perpetrators: Women in National Socialism , Böhlau Verlag 2008, p. 51.
  2. ^ Wolfgang Mück: Nazi stronghold in Middle Franconia: The völkisch awakening in Neustadt an der Aisch 1922–1933. Verlag Philipp Schmidt, 2016 (= Streiflichter from home history. Special volume 4); ISBN 978-3-87707-990-4 , p. 269 ( Zander, Elsbeth ).
  3. ↑ Leonie Wagner, National Socialist Views of Women: Concepts of Femininity and Politics of Leading Women in National Socialism , dipa-Verlag, 1996, short biography on p. 190.
  4. ^ Curriculum vitae of Holle Ganzer In: Holle Ganzer, Hölderlin's Ode «Chiron» , Diss. FU Berlin, 1976, p. 235.
  5. ↑ Stephanie Becker, Christoph Studt, And they will no longer be free their whole life: Function and status of the NSDAP, its branches and affiliated associations in the "Third Reich" , LIT Verlag 2012, p. 254
  6. ↑ Wolfgang Kraushaar, Hamburg Institute for Social Research, The Protest Chronicle 1949-1959: An Illustrated History of Movement, Resistance and Utopia, Volume 3 , Rogner & Bernhard 1996, p. 1572.
  7. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1946-nslit-g.html
personal data
SURNAME Gottschewski, Lydia
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German National Socialist, federal leader of the Association of German Girls
DATE OF BIRTH July 8, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Nickelswalde near Gdansk
DATE OF DEATH 1989