List of heads of state 1906

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Africa

Egypt (nominally part of the Ottoman Empire from 1882–1914, de facto British protectorate)
- Head of State: Khedive Abbas II. (1892-1914)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mustafa Fahmi Pascha ( 1891–1893 , 1895–1908)

Ethiopia
- Head of State and Government: Emperor Menelik II (1898–1913)

Liberia
- Head of State or Government: President Arthur Barclay (1904–1912)

America

North America

Canada
- Head of State: King Edward VII (1901–1910)
  - Governor General : Albert Gray, 4th Earl Gray (1904–1911)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier (1896–1911)

Mexico
- Head of State and Government: President Porfirio Díaz ( 1876–1880 , 1884–1911)

United States of America
- Head of State or Government: President Theodore Roosevelt (1901–1909)

Central America

Costa Rica
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra (1902– May 8, 1906)
  - President Cleto González Víquez (May 8, 1906–1910, 1928–1932 )

Dominican Republic
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Carlos Felipe Morales (1903– January 12, 1906)
  - President Ramón Cáceres (1905–1911) (acting until January 12)

El Salvador
- Head of State and Government: President Pedro José Escalón (1903–1907)

Guatemala
- Head of State and Government: President Manuel José Estrada Cabrera (1898–1920)

Haiti
- Head of State and Government: President Pierre Nord Alexis (1902–1908)

Honduras
- Head of State and Government: President Manuel Bonilla (1903–1907, 1912–1913 )

Cuba (occupied by the USA 1906–1909)
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Tomás Estrada Palma ( 1976–1877 , 1902– September 28, 1906)
  - Governor William Howard Taft (September 29, 1906– October 13, 1906) (1909–1913 President of the United States)
  - Governor Charles Edward Magoon (October 13, 1906–1909)

Nicaragua
- Head of State and Government: President José Santos Zelaya (1893–1909)

Panama
- Head of State and Government: President Manuel Amador Guerrero (1904–1908)

South America

Argentina
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Manuel Quintana (1904– March 12, 1906)
  - President José Figueroa Alcorta (March 12, 1906–1910)

Bolivia
- Head of State and Government: President Ismael Montes Gamboa (1904–1909, 1913–1917 )

Brazil
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves (1902– November 15, 1906)
  - President Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena (November 15, 1906–1909)

Chile
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Germán Riesco Errázuriz (1901– September 18, 1906)
  - President Pedro Montt Montt (September 18, 1906–1910)

Ecuador
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Lizardo García (1905– January 16, 1906)
  - Eloy Alfaro ( 1883, 1895–1901 , January 16, 1906–1911)

Colombia
- Head of State or Government: President Rafael Reyes (1904–1909)

Paraguay
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Cecilio Báez (1905– November 25, 1906) (acting)
  - President Benigno Ferreira (November 25, 1906–1908)

Peru
- Head of State: President José Pardo y Barreda (1904–1908, 1915–1919 ) (1903–1904 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo (1904–1907) (1908–1912, 1919–1930 President)

Uruguay
- Head of State and Government: President José Batlle y Ordóñez ( 1899 , 1903–1907, 1911–1915 )

Venezuela
- Head of State and Government: President Cipriano Castro (1899–1909)

Asia

East, South and Southeast Asia

Bhutan
- Ruler: ?

China
- Ruler: Emperor Guangxu (1875–1908, nominal )
- Regent: Empress Dowager Cixi (1898–1908)

British India
- Emperor : Edward VII (1901–1910)
- Viceroy : Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound (1905–1910)

Japan
- Head of State: Emperor Mutsuhito (1852–1912)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Marquis Katsura Tarō (1901–7 January 1906)
  - Prime Minister Prince Saionji Kimmochi (January 7, 1906–1908)

Korea
- Ruler: Emperor Gojong (1897–1907)

Nepal

Head of State: King Prithvi (1881–1911)

Head of Government: Prime Minister Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1901–1929)

Siam (today: Thailand)
- Ruler: King Chulalongkorn (1868–1910)

Middle East

Persia (today: Iran)
- Head of State: Shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah (1896–1907)
- Head of government: Amin os-Soltan (1906–1907)

Central Asia

Afghanistan
- Ruler: Emir Habibullah Khan (1901-1919)

Australia and Oceania

Australia
- Head of State: King Edward VII (since 1901)
  - Governor General : Henry Northcote (since 1904)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Alfred Deakin (since 1905)

Europe

Andorra
- Co-princes :
  - President of France :
    - Émile Loubet (1899-18 February 1906)
    - Armand Fallières (February 18, 1906–1913)
  - Bishop of Urgell : Joan Josep Laguarda i Fenollera (1902–6 December 1906)

Belgium
- Head of State: King Leopold II (1865–1909)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Paul de Smet de Naeyer ( 1896–1899 , 1899–1907)

Bulgaria
- Head of State: Prince Ferdinand I (1887–1918) (from 1908 Tsar)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Ratscho Petrov ( 1901 , 1903–4 November 1906)
  - Prime Minister: Dimitar Petkow (November 5, 1906–1907)

Denmark
- Head of State:
  - King Christian IX (1863– January 29, 1906)
  - King Frederick VIII (January 29, 1906–1912)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jens Christian Christensen (1905–1908)

German Empire
- Kaiser : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)
  - Imperial Chancellor : Bernhard von Bülow (1900–1909)
- Stop
  - Duke : Friedrich II. (1904–1918)
    - Minister of State: Johann von Dallwitz (1903–1909)
- to bathe
  - Grand Duke : Friedrich I (1856–1907)
    - Minister of State: Alexander von Dusch (1905–1917)
- Bavaria
  - King : Otto I (1886–1913)
    - Regent : Prince Regent Luitpold (1886–1912)
      - Chairman of the Council of Ministers : Clemens Freiherr von Podewils-Dürniz (1903–1912)
- Braunschweig
  - Regent : Prince Albrecht of Prussia (1885–1906)
  - President of the Regency Council: Albert von Otto (1906–1907)
- Bremen
  - Mayor : Carl Georg Barkhausen (1904) (1906) (1911) (1913) (1916)
- Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine
  - Imperial governor: Prince Hermann zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1894–1907)
    - State Secretary of the Ministry for Alsace-Lorraine : Ernst Matthias von Köller (1901–1908)
- Hamburg
  - First Mayor : Johann Heinrich Burchard (1903) (1906) (1908–1909) (1912)
- Hessen-Darmstadt
  - Grand Duke : Ernst Ludwig (1892–1918)
    - President of the entire ministry : Carl Rothe (1898–1906)
    - President of the entire ministry: Carl Ewald (1906–1918)
- lip
  - Prince : Leopold IV. (1905–1918)
- Lübeck
  - Mayor : Johann Georg Eschenburg (1905–1906) (1909–1910) (1913–1914)
- Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  - Grand Duke : Friedrich Franz IV. (1897–1918)
- Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  - Grand Duke : Adolf Friedrich V (1904–1914)
- Oldenburg
  - Grand Duke : Friedrich August II. (1900–1918)
    - Minister of State : Wilhelm Friedrich Willich (1900–1908)
- Prussia
  - King : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)
    - Prime Minister : Bernhard von Bülow (1900–1909)
- Reuss older line
  - Prince : Heinrich XXIV. (1902–1918)
    - Regent: Heinrich XIV. (Reuss younger line) (1902–1908)
- Reuss younger line
  - Prince : Heinrich XIV. (1867–1913)
- Saxony
  - King : Friedrich August III. (1904-1918)
    - Chairman of the entire ministry : Karl Georg Levin von Metzsch-Reichenbach (1901–1906)
    - Chairman of the entire ministry: Konrad Wilhelm von Rüger (1906–1910)
- Saxony-Altenburg
  - Duke : Ernst I (1853–1908)
- Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
  - Duke : Carl Eduard (Saxe-Coburg and Gotha) (1900-1918)
- Saxony-Meiningen
  - Duke : George II (1866–1914)
- Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
  - Grand Duke : Wilhelm Ernst (1901–1918)
- Schaumburg-Lippe
  - Prince : Georg (1893–1911)
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  - Prince : Günther Victor (1890–1918)
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  - Prince : Karl Günther (1880–1909)
- Waldeck and Pyrmont (administered by Prussia since January 1, 1868)
  - Prince : Friedrich (1893–1918)
- Württemberg
  - King : Wilhelm II. (1891-1918)
    - President of the State Ministry : Wilhelm August von Breitling (1901–1906)
    - President of the State Ministry: Karl von Weizsäcker (1906–1918)

Finland (1809–1917 autonomous Grand Duchy of the Russian Empire)
- Head of State: Grand Duke Nicholas II (1894–1917)
  - Governor General : Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Gerhard (1905–1908)

France
- Head of State:
  - President Émile Loubet (1899– February 18, 1906)
  - President Armand Fallières (February 18, 1906–1913)
- Head of Government:
  - President of the Council of Ministers Maurice Rouvier ( 1887 , 1905–14 March 1906)
  - President of the Council of Ministers Ferdinand Sarrien (March 14, 1906– October 25, 1906)
  - President of the Council of Ministers Georges Clemenceau (October 25, 1906–1909, 1917–1920 )

Greece
- Head of State: King George I (1863–1913)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Georgios Theotokis ( 1899–1901, 1903, 1903–1904 , 1905–1909)

Italy
- Head of State: King Viktor Emanuel III. (1900-1946)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Alessandro Fortis (1905–8 February 1906)
  - Prime Minister Sidney Sonnino (February 8, 1906– May 29, 1906, 1909–1910 )
  - Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti ( 1892–1893, 1903–1905 , May 29, 1906–1909, 1911–1914, 1920–1921 )

Liechtenstein
- Head of State and Government: Prince Johann II. (1858–1929)

Luxembourg
- Head of State: Grand Duke Wilhelm IV (1905–1912) (1902–1905 regent)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Paul Eyschen (1888–1915)

Monaco
- Head of State and Government: Prince Albert I (1889–1922)

Montenegro
- Prince : Nikola I. Petrović Njegoš (1860–1918) (from 1910 king )
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Lazar Mijušković (1905–24 November 1906, 1916 )
  - Prime Minister Marko Radulović (November 24, 1906–1907)

Neutral Moresnet (1830-1915 under joint administration of Belgium and Prussia)
- Head of State: King of Belgium Leopold II (1865–1909)
  - Commissioner : Fernand Bleyfuesz (1889–1915, 1918–1920 )
- Head of State: King of Prussia Wilhelm II (1888–1918)
  - Commissioner : Alfred Gülcher (1893–1909)
- Mayor : Hubert Schmetz (1885–1915)

Netherlands
- Head of State: Queen Wilhelmina (1890–1948)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Theo de Meester (1905–1908)

Norway
- Head of State: King Haakon VII (1905–1957)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Christian Michelsen (1905–1907)

Ottoman Empire
- Head of State: Sultan Abdülhamid II (1876–1909)
- Head of Government: Grand Vizier Avlonyalı Mehmet Ferit Pascha (1903–1908)

Austria-Hungary
- Head of State: Emperor Franz Joseph I (1848–1916)
- Head of Government of Cisleithanien:
  - Prime Minister Paul Gautsch von Frankenthurn ( 1897–1898 , 1904–2 May 1906)
  - Prime Minister Konrad zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (May 2, 1906– June 2, 1906)
  - Prime Minister Max Wladimir von Beck (July 2, 1906–1908)
- Head of Government of Transleithanien:
  - Prime Minister Géza Fejérváry (1905–8 April 1906)
  - Prime Minister Sándor Wekerle ( 1892–1895 , April 8, 1906–1910, 1917–1918 )

Portugal
- Head of State: King Charles I (1889–1908)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister José Luciano de Castro ( 1886–1890, 1897–1900 , 1904–19 March 1906)
  - Prime Minister Ernesto Rodolfo Hintze Ribeiro ( 1893–1897, 1900–1904 , March 19, 1906– May 19, 1906)
  - Prime Minister João Franco (May 19, 1906–1908)

Romania
- Head of State: King Charles I (1866–1914) (until 1881 Prince)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino ( 1899–1900 , 1905–1907)

Russia
- Head of State: Tsar Nicholas II (1894–1917)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Sergei Witte (November 6, 1905–1906)
  - Prime Minister Ivan Goremykin (May 5, 1906– July 21, 1906, 1914–1916 )
  - Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin (July 21, 1906–1911)

San Marino
- Capitani Reggenti :
  - Onofrio Fattori ( 1898, 1902 , 1905–1 April 1906, 1911–1912, 1916, 1922–1923 ) and Piermatteo Carattoni (1905–1 April 1906)
  - Giovanni Belluzzi (April 1, 1906– October 1, 1906, 1910–1911 ) and Pietro Francini ( 1893–1894 , April 1, 1906– October 1, 1906)
  - Alfredo Reffi (October 1, 1906–1907, 1910, 1915–1916 ) and Giovanni Arzilli (October 1, 1906–1907, 1910, 1916–1917 )

Sweden
- Head of State: King Oskar II (1872–1907) (1872–1905 King of Norway)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Karl Staaff (1905–29 May 1906, 1911–1914 )
  - Prime Minister Arvid Lindman (May 29, 1906–1911, 1928–1930 )

Switzerland
- Federal President : Ludwig Forrer (1906, 1912 )
- Federal Council :
  - Adolf Deucher (1883–1912)
  - Josef Zemp (1892–1908)
  - Eduard Müller (1895-1919)
  - Ernst Brenner (1897–1911)
  - Robert Comtesse (1900-1912)
  - Marc-Emile Ruchet (1900-1912)
  - Ludwig Forrer (1903-1917)

Serbia
- King Peter I Karadjordjevic (1903-1918)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Ljubomir Stojanović (1905-14 March 1906)
  - Prime Minister Sava Grujić ( 1887–1888, 1889–1891, 1893–1894, 1903–1904 , March 14, 1906– April 30, 1906)
  - Prime Minister Nikola Pašić ( 1891–1892, 1904–29 May 1905 , 30 April 1906–1908, 1909–1911, 1912–1918 ) (1918, 1921–1924, 1924–1926 Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Croats, Serbs and Slovenes)

Spain
- Head of State: King Alfonso XIII. (1886–1931)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (1905–6 July 1906, 1906, 1909–1910 )
  - Prime Minister José López Domínguez (July 6, 1906– November 30, 1906)
  - Prime Minister Segismundo Moret y Prendergast ( 1905–1906 , November 30, 1906– December 4, 1906, 1909–1910 )
  - Prime Minister Antonio Aguilar Correa, Marqués de la Vega de Armijo (December 4, 1906–1907)

United Kingdom :
- Head of State: King Edward VII (1901–1910)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Henry Campbell-Bannerman (1905-1908)

Individual evidence

↑ The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares

[1] The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares