Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena

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Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena

Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena (born November 30, 1847 in Santa Bárbara , Minas Gerais , † June 14, 1909 in Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro ) was a Brazilian politician and from November 15, 1906 to June 14, 1909 the sixth President of Brazil.

Life

Affonso Augusto Moreira Pena was the son of José Teixeira Pena, who immigrated from Portugal, and the Brazilian Ana Moreira dos Santos. In 1870 he received a law degree from the Faculdade de Direito de São Paulo . Pena was one of the two founding directors of the Faculdade Livre de Direito in Minas Gerais, today the Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais ( UFMG ).

Before his political career, Afonso Pena worked as a notary and attorney and was a member of the Supreme Court. In 1874 he was elected to the General Assembly for his home province of Minas Gerais . In the following legislative periods he worked in various commissions on the drafting of laws, so in 1882 as Agriculture Secretary and in 1885 in the Ministry of Justice. He was also chairman of the provincial assembly of Minas Gerais. After the proclamation of the republic, he was governor of the state of Minas Gerais from 1892 to 1894. During his term of office, among other things, the definition of the new capital Belo Horizonte fell . From 1895 to 1898 he was President of Banco do Brasil .

In 1902 he was appointed to the federal government and was vice-president in the government of Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves . In 1906 he ran for the Partido Republicano Mineiro (PRM) for the office of president, won the election and became president on November 16, 1906, for which 288,285 votes were sufficient. He remained in office until his death.

Under his government, the Brazilian state began to influence coffee production for the first time; among other things, production surpluses were bought up in order to keep the world market price stable. Afonso Pena was also responsible for expanding the railway network and modernizing the army . Pena was also one of the sponsors and advocates of the expeditions of Cândido Mariano de Silva Rondon into the rainforests of the Amazon and, during his reign, laid the foundation stone for the Indian protection service Serviço de Proteção ao Índio (SPI), founded in 1910 .

literature

  • O Dr. Affonso Penna, Vice-Presidente da República. Laemmert, Rio de Janeiro 1903.
  • Américo Jacobina, Lacombe: Afonso Pena e Sua Época. José Olympio, Rio de Janeiro 1986.
  • Hélio Silva: Os Presidentes - Afonso Pena. Grupo de Comunicação Três, São Paulo 1983.

Web links

Commons : Afonso Pena  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Spelling before spelling reforms.
  2. ↑ Dilva Frazão: Biografia de Afonso Pena . In: eBiografia . November 27, 2017 (Brazilian Portuguese, ebiografia.com [accessed October 27, 2018]).
  3. ↑ Banco do Brasil - Relação dos Presidentes (desde 1853). In: org.br. Aapbb - Associação de Aposentados e Pensionistas do Banco do Brasil, 2015, archived from the original on July 21, 2015 ; Retrieved October 27, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
  4. ^ Affonso Augusto Moreira Penna. In: gov.br. Presidência da República Federativa do Brasil, 2008, archived from the original on April 22, 2008 ; Retrieved October 27, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
predecessor Office successor
Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves President of Brazil
1906–1909 		Nilo Peçanha
personal data
SURNAME Pena, Afonso Augusto Moreira
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pena, Afonso; Pena, Affonso Augusto Moreira
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Brazilian politician
DATE OF BIRTH November 30, 1847
PLACE OF BIRTH Santa Bárbara , Minas Gerais
DATE OF DEATH June 14, 1909
Place of death Rio de Janeiro