Monarchs of recent Serbian history

The list of monarchs in recent Serbian history includes all the rulers of this country from the Serbian uprisings at the beginning of the 19th century to the emergence of the socialist federal Republic of Yugoslavia at the end of World War II and thus the end of the monarchy.

Serbian uprisings

	Name (life data)	Reign	dynasty	Remarks
	Đorđe Petrović (Karađorđe) (* around 1762; † 1817)	1811–1813 , as Vožd (leader)	House Karađorđević	Elected leader of the first Serbian uprising and founder of the Karađorđević dynasty

Principality of Serbia

Name (life data)	Reign	dynasty	Remarks
Miloš Obrenović I (* 1780; † 1860)	1815–1839 , as Prince of Serbia	House Obrenović	First period of rule; Leader in the Second Serbian uprising against the Ottoman Empire in 1815, and won an independent Serbian principality in what is now central Serbia. Due to foreign policy pressure, he left the rulership to his son Milan.
Milan Obrenović II (* 1819; † 1839)	1839 , as Prince of Serbia	House Obrenović	After his father abdicated, he became a Serbian prince, but died two weeks after the reign began due to his poor health.
Mihailo Obrenović III. (* 1823; † 1868)	1839–1842 , as Prince of Serbia	House Obrenović	First period of rule; Elected prince after the death of his brother Milan Obrenović II, but fled into exile in 1842 after the start of an uprising.
Aleksandar Karađorđević (* 1806; † 1885)	1842–1858 , as Prince of Serbia	House Karađorđević	After the deposition of his predecessor, the son of Karađorđe was awarded the rule. During its legislature, the Civil Code of Serbia was introduced in 1844. He had to abdicate in 1858 due to a domestic political crisis.
Miloš Obrenović I (* 1780; † 1860)	1858–1860 , as Prince of Serbia	House Obrenović	Second period of rule; returned to Serbia after the deposition of Aleksandar Karađorđević and was recognized as ruler again. He died two years later due to his old age.
Mihailo Obrenović III. (* 1823; † 1868)	1860–1868 , as Prince of Serbia	House Obrenović	Second period of rule; achieved complete legal independence from the Ottoman Empire, had the National Theater in Belgrade built and pursued the foreign policy approach of uniting the South Slav peoples in a kind of Balkan federation. He died in 1868 after an assassination attempt in Topčider Park near Belgrade , whose sponsor remained unknown.
Milan Obrenović IV (* 1854; † 1901)	1868–1882 , as Prince of Serbia	House Obrenović	After his uncle Mihailo died, Milan, who was still a minor, was appointed prince, but could not carry out his official duties until he came of age. Attempts were made under his rule to approach the Russian Empire , but they had to be contained due to pressure from Austria-Hungary . In 1882 he proclaimed the Kingdom of Serbia , which marked the end of the principality.

Kingdom of Serbia

Name (life data)	Reign	dynasty	Remarks
Milan I. (* 1854; † 1901)	1882–1889 , as King of the Serbs	House Obrenović	After the proclamation of the kingdom, he continued to rule as Milan I. Resigned in 1889 due to a conflict of competencies with the elected government and fled abroad. He died in Vienna in 1901 due to pneumonia .
Aleksandar Obrenović (* 1876; † 1903)	1889–1903 , as King of the Serbs	House Obrenović	His rule was shaped by the conflict between pro-Russian and pro-Austrian forces in the country. He and his wife Draga Obrenović fell victim to an officer conspiracy around Dragutin Dimitrijević in June 1903. The Obrenović dynasty ended with the heirless Aleksandar.
Petar I. Karađorđević (* 1844; † 1921)	1903–1918 , as King of the Serbs	House Karađorđević	He returned from exile and took control of the Kingdom of Serbia. The time of the Balkan Wars and the First World War fell under his reign . When the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes came into being , the Kingdom of Serbia ended.

Kingdom of Yugoslavia (until 1929 Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes)

Name (life data)	Reign	dynasty	Remarks
Petar I of Yugoslavia (* 1844, † 1921)	1918–1921 , as King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes	House Karađorđević	Reigned as Petar I of Yugoslavia. During this period, differences became apparent between the peoples of the Serbs, who wanted a state governed centrally from Belgrade, and Croats, who wanted a loose federation. Due to his advanced age, he had to cede more and more business to his son until he finally died in 1921.
Aleksandar I. Karađorđević (* 1888; † 1934)	1921–1934 , as King of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / King of Yugoslavia	House Karađorđević	In 1929 he dissolved the constitution and proclaimed the royal dictatorship. The state was renamed the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He fell victim to an assassination attempt in Marseille in 1934 .
Petar II. Karađorđević (* 1923; † 1970)	1934–1945 , as King of Yugoslavia	House Karađorđević	He succeeded his father to the throne at the age of eleven - but the affairs of state were led by his cousin, Prince Paul . In 1941 Paul joined the three-power pact under German pressure, but fled into exile after the surrender of the army. In 1944 he married Alexandra of Greece in exile in London . In 1945 he had to give up the throne and gave up power so that the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia could be proclaimed under Josip Broz Tito .

literature

Rodoslovne tablice i grbovi srpskih dinastija i vlastele, Aleksa Ivić (1928), Dušan Spasić, Aleksandar Palavestra and Dušan Mrdjenović (1987/91); Bata, Belgrade, ISBN 86-7685-007-0 (Serbian).

Web links

Entry in the Catholic Encyclopedia , Robert Appleton Company, New York 1913.