Henry Campbell-Bannerman

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Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman, 1902

Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (born September 7, 1836 in Glasgow , † April 22, 1908 in London ) was a British liberal politician and Prime Minister from December 5, 1905 to April 3, 1908.

Life

Campbell-Bannerman was born Henry Campbell in Glasgow, Scotland , in 1836 . His father was Sir James Campbell , Lord Provost (approximately: Lord Mayor) of Glasgow, his mother was Janet Bannerman. He attended Glasgow High School , then the University of Glasgow and then Trinity College , Cambridge .

In 1868 he was elected to the lower house as a Liberal MP. In 1884 he joined Gladstone 's second cabinet as Minister for Ireland . In Gladstone's third (1886) and fourth (1892-1894) cabinet and also in Rosebery's government (1894-1895) he served as Minister of War. His greatest success during this time is that he was able to persuade the Duke of Cambridge , a cousin of Queen Victoria and commander in chief of the troops, to resign. This paved the way for urgently needed reforms in the army; Campbell-Bannerman was knighted in 1895 as the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath .

In 1898 Sir Henry succeeded Sir William Vernon Harcourt as leader of the Liberals in the House of Commons. Campbell-Bannerman had the difficult job of holding the divided party together. After the Conservative Balfour government resigned in December 1905, Campbell-Bannerman was tasked with forming a new government. An attempt by leading men of the right wing of his party to "deport" him, Campbell-Bannerman, to the House of Lords as part of the so-called Relugas Compact failed. Instead, Campbell-Bannerman took a strong position as leader of the House of Commons, which was further strengthened by a landslide victory in the new election he initiated in January 1906 - which gave the Liberals numerous additional seats.

Campbell-Bannerman's job as prime minister proved difficult in part because the conservative lords of the upper house blocked most of the liberal reforms. After all, he and his Foreign Minister Sir Edward Gray reached treaties with the Russian Empire in 1907 : the Treaty of Saint Petersburg , a treaty on Tibet (both signed on August 31, 1907). Also in 1907, Campbell-Bannerman became Father of the House (MP with the longest uninterrupted term in office). To date, he has been the only prime minister to hold this role.

Long in ill health, Campbell-Bannerman suffered three heart attacks in the course of 1907. Short cures did not bring about any improvement. Asquith took his place in this phase. In February 1908, Campbell-Bannerman suffered another heart attack. He therefore resigned on April 3, 1908 and died on April 22, 1908 at No. Downing Street. 10 . His successor as Prime Minister was his Chancellor of the Exchequer, Herbert Henry Asquith . He was buried in the parish church cemetery of Meigle , near Belmont Castle , his home since 1887. A stone plaque on the outside wall of the church commemorates him.

literature

Web links

Commons : Henry Campbell-Bannerman  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ William Arthur Shaw: The Knights of England. Volume 1. Sherratt and Hughes, London 1906, p. 214.
  2. ^ Roy Hattersley : Campbell-Bannerman (British Prime Ministers of the 20th century series). Haus Publishing, 2006, p. 132.
  3. ^ Roy Hattersley: Campbell-Bannerman (British Prime Ministers of the 20th century series). Haus Publishing, 2006, p. 133.
  4. ↑ undiscoveredscotland.co.uk
predecessor Office successor

Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook
Edward Stanhope 		Secretary of State for War
1886
1892–1895
William Henry Smith
Henry Petty-FitzMaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne
Arthur Balfour British Prime Minister
1905–1908 		Herbert Henry Asquith
personal data
SURNAME Campbell-Bannerman, Henry
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British Liberal politician and Prime Minister (1905-1908)
DATE OF BIRTH September 7, 1836
PLACE OF BIRTH Glasgow
DATE OF DEATH April 22, 1908
Place of death London