List of heads of state 1907
Overview
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Africa
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Egypt (nominally part of the Ottoman Empire from 1882–1914, de facto British protectorate)
- Head of State: Khedive Abbas II. (1892-1914)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Mustafa Fahmi Pascha ( 1891–1893 , 1895–1908)
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British Consul General :
- Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer (1883–6 May 1907)
- Eldon Gorst (May 16, 1907–1911)
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Ethiopia
- Head of State and Government: Emperor Menelik II (1898–1913)
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Liberia
- Head of State or Government: President Arthur Barclay (1904–1912)
America
North America
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Canada
- Head of State: King Edward VII (1901–1910)
- Governor General : Albert Gray, 4th Earl Gray (1904–1911)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier (1896–1911)
- Head of State: King Edward VII (1901–1910)
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Mexico
- Head of State and Government: President Porfirio Díaz ( 1876–1880 , 1884–1911)
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Newfoundland (Dominion since September 26, 1907)
- Head of State: King Edward VII (September 26, 1907–1910)
- Governor : William MacGregor (September 26, 1907–1909)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Robert Bond (September 26, 1907–1909)
- Head of State: King Edward VII (September 26, 1907–1910)
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United States of America
- Head of State or Government: President Theodore Roosevelt (1901–1909)
Central America
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Costa Rica
- Head of State and Government: President Cleto González Víquez (1906–1910, 1928–1932 )
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Dominican Republic
- Head of State and Government: President Ramón Cáceres (1905–1911)
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El Salvador
- Head of State and Government:
- President Pedro José Escalón (1903– March 1, 1907)
- President Fernando Figueroa (March 1, 1907–1911)
- Head of State and Government:
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Guatemala
- Head of State and Government: President Manuel José Estrada Cabrera (1898–1920)
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Haiti
- Head of State and Government: President Pierre Nord Alexis (1902–1908)
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Honduras
- Head of State and Government:
- President Manuel Bonilla (1903– February 25, 1907, 1912–1913 )
- Chairman of the Provisional Government Junta Miguel Oquelí Bustillo (February 25, 1907– April 18, 1907)
- President Miguel R. Dávila (April 18, 1907–1911)
- Head of State and Government:
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Cuba (occupied by the USA 1906–1909)
- Governor Charles Edward Magoon (1906-1909)
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Nicaragua
- Head of State and Government: President José Santos Zelaya (1893–1909)
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Panama
- Head of State and Government: President Manuel Amador Guerrero (1904–1908)
South America
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Argentina
- Head of State and Government: President José Figueroa Alcorta (1906–1910)
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Bolivia
- Head of State and Government: President Ismael Montes Gamboa (1904–1909, 1913–1917 )
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Brazil
- Head of State and Government: President Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena (1906–1909)
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Chile
- Head of State and Government: President Pedro Montt Montt (1906–1910)
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Ecuador
- Head of State and Government: President Eloy Alfaro ( 1883, 1895–1901 , 1906–1911)
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Colombia
- Head of State or Government: President Rafael Reyes (1904–1909)
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Paraguay
- Head of State and Government: President Benigno Ferreira (1906–1908)
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Peru
- Head of State: President José Pardo y Barreda (1904–1908, 1915–1919 ) (1903–1904 Prime Minister)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo (1904–1 August 1907) (1908–1912, 1919–1930 President)
- Prime Minister Agustín Tovar (August 1, 1907 - October 9, 1907)
- Prime Minister Carlos A. Washburn Salas (October 9, 1907–1908)
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Uruguay
- Head of State and Government:
- President José Batlle y Ordóñez ( 1899 , 1903– March 1, 1907, 1911–1915 )
- President Claudio Williman (March 1, 1907–1911)
- Head of State and Government:
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Venezuela
- Head of State and Government: President Cipriano Castro (1899–1909)
Asia
East, South and Southeast Asia
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Bhutan
- Ruler: King Ugyen Wangchuk (December 17, 1907–1926)
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China
- Ruler: Emperor Guangxu (1875–1908, nominal )
- Regent: Empress Dowager Cixi (1898–1908)
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British India
- Emperor : Edward VII (1901–1910)
- Viceroy : Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound (1905–1910)
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Japan
- Head of State: Emperor Mutsuhito (1852–1912)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Prince Saionji Kimmochi (1906–1908)
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Nepal
- Head of State: King Prithvi (1881–1911)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1901–1929)
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Siam (today: Thailand)
- Ruler: King Chulalongkorn (1868–1910)
Middle East
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Persia (today: Iran)
- Head of State:
- Mozaffar ad-Din Shah (1896–1907)
- Mohammad Ali Shah (1907-1909)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Amin os-Soltan (1906 – January 1907)
- Prime Minister Moshir al-Dawlah (January – February 1907)
- Prime Minister Vazir Afkham (February – April 1907)
- Head of State:
Central Asia
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Afghanistan
- Ruler: Emir Habibullah Khan (1901-1919)
Australia and Oceania
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Australia
- Head of State: King Edward VII (September 26, 1907–1910)
- Governor General: Baron Henry Northcote (September 26, 1907–1908)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Alfred Deakin (September 26, 1907–1908)
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New Zealand
- Head of State: King Edward VII (September 6, 1907–1910)
- Governor: Baron William Plunket (September 6, 1907–1910)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Joseph Ward (September 6, 1907–1912)
Europe
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Andorra
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Co-princes :
- President of France : Armand Fallières (1906–1913)
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Bishop of Urgell :
- Josep Pujargimzú (April 20, 1907– July 11 , 1907) (acting)
- Juan Benlloch y Vivó (July 11, 1907–1919)
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Co-princes :
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Belgium
- Head of State: King Leopold II (1865–1909)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Paul de Smet de Naeyer ( 1896–1899 , 1899–2 May 1907)
- Prime Minister Jules de Trooz (May 2, 1907– December 31, 1907)
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Bulgaria
- Head of State: Prince Ferdinand I (1887–1918) (from 1908 Tsar)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Dimitar Petkov (1906–11 March 1907)
- Prime Minister Dimitar Stantschow (March 12, 1907– March 16, 1907)
- Prime Minister Petar Gudew (March 16, 1907–1908)
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Denmark
- Head of State: King Frederick VIII (1906–1912)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Jens Christian Christensen (1905–1908)
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German Empire
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Kaiser : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)
- Imperial Chancellor : Bernhard von Bülow (1900–1909)
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Stop
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Duke : Friedrich II. (1904–1918)
- Minister of State: Johann von Dallwitz (1903–1909)
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Duke : Friedrich II. (1904–1918)
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to bathe
- Grand Duke : Friedrich I (1856–1907)
- Grand Duke: Friedrich II. (1907–1918)
- Minister of State: Alexander von Dusch (1905–1917)
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Bavaria
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King : Otto I (1886–1913)
- Regent : Prince Regent Luitpold (1886–1912)
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King : Otto I (1886–1913)
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Braunschweig
- President of the Regency Council : Albert von Otto (1906–1907)
- Regent: Johann Albrecht Duke of Mecklenburg (1907–1913)
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Bremen
- Mayor : Victor Wilhelm Marcus (1907) (1909) (1912)
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Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine
- Imperial governor: Prince Hermann zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1894–1907)
- Imperial governor: Prince Karl von Wedel (1907–1914)
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Hamburg
- First Mayor : Johann Otto Stammann (1907)
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Hessen-Darmstadt
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Grand Duke : Ernst Ludwig (1892–1918)
- President of the entire ministry : Carl Ewald (1906–1918)
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Grand Duke : Ernst Ludwig (1892–1918)
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lip
- Prince : Leopold IV. (1905–1918)
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Lübeck
- Mayor : Ernst Christian Johannes Schön (1907–1908)
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Mecklenburg-Schwerin
- Grand Duke : Friedrich Franz IV. (1897–1918)
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Mecklenburg-Strelitz
- Grand Duke : Adolf Friedrich V (1904–1914)
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Oldenburg
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Grand Duke : Friedrich August II. (1900–1918)
- Minister of State : Wilhelm Friedrich Willich (1900–1908)
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Grand Duke : Friedrich August II. (1900–1918)
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Prussia
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King : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)
- Prime Minister : Bernhard von Bülow (1900–1909)
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King : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)
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Reuss older line
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Prince : Heinrich XXIV. (1902–1918)
- Regent: Heinrich XIV. (Reuss younger line) (1902–1908)
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Prince : Heinrich XXIV. (1902–1918)
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Reuss younger line
- Prince : Heinrich XIV. (1867–1913)
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Saxony
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King : Friedrich August III. (1904-1918)
- Chairman of the entire ministry : Konrad Wilhelm von Rüger (1906–1910)
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King : Friedrich August III. (1904-1918)
- Saxony-Altenburg
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Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
- Duke : Carl Eduard (1900–1918)
- Saxony-Meiningen
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Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
- Grand Duke : Wilhelm Ernst (1901–1918)
- Schaumburg-Lippe
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Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
- Prince : Günther Victor (1890–1918)
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Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
- Prince : Karl Günther (1880–1909)
- Waldeck and Pyrmont (administered by Prussia since January 1, 1868)
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Württemberg
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King : Wilhelm II. (1891-1918)
- President of the State Ministry : Karl von Weizsäcker (1906–1918)
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King : Wilhelm II. (1891-1918)
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Kaiser : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)
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Finland (1809–1917 autonomous Grand Duchy of the Russian Empire)
- Head of State: Grand Duke Nicholas II (1894–1917)
- Governor General : Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Gerhard (1905–1908)
- Head of State: Grand Duke Nicholas II (1894–1917)
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France
- Head of State: President Armand Fallières (1906–1913)
- Head of Government: President of the Council of Ministers Georges Clemenceau (1906–1909, 1917–1920 )
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Greece
- Head of State: King George I (1863–1913)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Georgios Theotokis ( 1899–1901, 1903, 1903–1904 , 1905–1909)
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Italy
- Head of State: King Viktor Emanuel III. (1900-1946)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti ( 1892–1893, 1903–1905 , 1906–1909, 1911–1914, 1920–1921 )
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Liechtenstein
- Head of State and Government: Prince Johann II. (1858–1929)
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Luxembourg
- Head of State: Grand Duke Wilhelm IV (1905–1912) (1902–1905 regent)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Paul Eyschen (1888–1915)
- Montenegro
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Montenegro
- Prince : Nikola I. Petrović Njegoš (1860–1918) (from 1910 king )
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Marko Radulović (1906–1 February 1907)
- Prime Minister Andrija Radović (February 1, 1907– April 17, 1907, 1916–1917 )
- Prime Minister Lazar Tomanović (April 17, 1907–1912)
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Neutral Moresnet (1830-1915 under joint administration of Belgium and Prussia)
- Head of State: King of Belgium Leopold II (1865–1909)
- Commissioner : Fernand Bleyfuesz (1889–1915, 1918–1920 )
- Head of State: King of Prussia Wilhelm II (1888–1918)
- Commissioner : Alfred Gülcher (1893–1909)
- Mayor : Hubert Schmetz (1885–1915)
- Head of State: King of Belgium Leopold II (1865–1909)
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Netherlands
- Head of State: Queen Wilhelmina (1890–1948)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Theo de Meester (1905–1908)
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Norway
- Head of State: King Haakon VII (1905–1957)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Christian Michelsen (1905–23 October 1907)
- Prime Minister Jørgen Løvland (23 October 1907–1908)
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Ottoman Empire
- Head of State: Sultan Abdülhamid II (1876–1909)
- Head of Government: Grand Vizier Avlonyalı Mehmet Ferit Pascha (1903–1908)
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Austria-Hungary
- Head of State: Emperor Franz Joseph I (1848–1916)
- Head of Government of Cisleithanien: Prime Minister Max Wladimir von Beck (1906–1908)
- Head of Government of Transleithanien: Prime Minister Sándor Wekerle ( 1892–1895 , 1906–1910, 1917–1918 )
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Portugal
- Head of State: King Charles I (1889–1908)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister João Franco (1906–1908)
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Romania
- Head of State: King Charles I (1866–1914) (until 1881 Prince)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino ( 1899–1900 , 1905–24 March 1907)
- Prime Minister Dimitrie Sturdza ( 1895–1896, 1897–1899, 1901–1905 , March 24, 1907–1909)
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Russia
- Head of State: Tsar Nicholas II (1894–1917)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin (1906–1911)
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San Marino
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Capitani Reggenti :
- Alfredo Reffi (1906–1 April 1907, 1910, 1915–1916 ) and Giovanni Arzilli (1906–1 April 1907, 1910, 1916–1917, 1922 )
- Ciro Belluzzi (April 1, 1907– October 1, 1907, 1913–1914 ) and Francesco Pasquali (April 1, 1907– October 1, 1907, 1912, 1919–1920, 1928 )
- Giuseppe Angeli (October 1, 1907–1908, 1913 ) and Francesco Valli (October 1, 1907–1908)
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Capitani Reggenti :
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Sweden
- Head of State:
- King Oskar II (1872–8 December 1907) (1872–1905 King of Norway)
- King Gustav V (Sweden) (December 8, 1907–1950)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Arvid Lindman (1906–1911, 1928–1930 )
- Head of State:
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Switzerland
- Federal President : Eduard Müller ( 1899 , 1907, 1913 )
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Federal Council :
- Adolf Deucher (1883–1912)
- Josef Zemp (1892–1908)
- Eduard Müller (1895-1919)
- Ernst Brenner (1897–1911)
- Robert Comtesse (1900-1912)
- Marc-Emile Ruchet (1900-1912)
- Ludwig Forrer (1903-1917)
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Serbia
- King Peter I Karadjordjevic (1903-1918)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Nikola Pašić ( 1891–1892, 1904–29 May 1905 , 1906–1908, 1909–1911, 1912–1918 ) (1918, 1921–1924, 1924–1926 Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Croats, Serbs and Slovenes)
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Spain
- Head of State: King Alfonso XIII. (1886–1931)
- Head of Government:
- Prime Minister Antonio Aguilar Correa, Marqués de la Vega de Armijo (1906-25 January 1907)
- Prime Minister Antonio Maura Montaner ( 1903–1904 , January 25, 1907–1909, 1918, 1919, 1921–1922 )
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United Kingdom :
- Head of State: King Edward VII (1901–1910)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Henry Campbell-Bannerman (1905-1908)
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Federal Council is the collective head of state in Switzerland. The Federal President has the role of primus inter pares