List of heads of state 1897

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Overview
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Africa

Egypt (part of the Ottoman Empire)
- Khedive : Abbas II. (1892-1914)

Ethiopia
- Emperor : Menelik II (1889–1913)

Buganda
- Kabaka : Mwanga II. ( 1884-1888 , 1889-1897)
- Kabaka: Daudi Chwa II. (1897–1939)

Bunyoro
- Omukama : Kabalega (1869–1898)

Burundi
- King : Mwezi IV. Gisabo (1850–1908)

Liberia
- President William D. Coleman (1896– December 11, 1900)

Morocco
- Sultan : Abd al-Aziz (1873-1908)

Rwanda
- King : Yuhi V. (1896–1931)

Sokoto Caliphate
- Caliph: 'Abdul-Rahman (1891-1902)

Sudan
- Caliph : Abdallahi ibn Muhammad (1846–1899)

Zulu
- King: Dinizulu ka Cetshwayo (1884–1913)

America

North America

Canada
- Head of State: Queen : Victoria (1867–1901)
  - Governor General : John Campbell Hamilton-Gordon, 7th Earl of Aberdeen (1893–1898)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister : Wilfrid Laurier (1896–1911)

Mexico
- Head of State and Government: President : Porfirio Díaz ( 1876, 1877–1880 , 1884–1911)

United States of America
- Head of State and Government :
  - President : Grover Cleveland ( 1885–1889 , 1893– March 4, 1897)
  - President: William McKinley (March 4, 1897–1901)

Central America

Costa Rica
- Head of State and Government: President Rafael Yglesias Castro (1894–1902)

Dominican Republic
- Head of State and Government: President : Ulises Heureaux ( 1882–1884, 1887–1889 , 1889–1899)

El Salvador
- Head of State and Government: President Rafael Antonio Gutiérrez (1894–1898)

Guatemala
- Head of State and Government: President José María Reina Barrios (1892–1898)

Haiti
- Head of State and Government: President Tirésias Simon-Sam (1896–1902)

Honduras
- Head of State and Government: President : Policarpo Bonilla (1894–1899)

Nicaragua
- Head of State and Government: President José Santos Zelaya (1893–1909)

South America

Argentina
- Head of State and Government: President : José Evaristo Uriburu (January 23, 1895–1898)

Bolivia
- Head of State and Government: President : Severo Fernández (1896–1899)

Brazil
- Head of State and Government: President : Prudente de Morais (1894–1898)

Chile
- Head of State and Government: President : Federico Errázuriz Echaurren (1896–1901)

Ecuador
- Head of State and Government: (temporarily) President Eloy Alfaro (1895–1901)

Colombia
- Head of State and Government: President Miguel Antonio Caro (1894–1898)

Paraguay
- Head of State and Government: President Juan Bautista Egusquiza (1894–1898)

Peru
- Head of State and Government: President : Nicolás de Piérola ( 1879–1881 , 1895–1899)

Uruguay
- Head of State and Government:
  - President Juan Idiarte Borda (1894– August 25, 1897)
  - (incumbent) Senate President Juan Lindolfo Cuestas (August 25, 1897–1898)

Venezuela
- Head of State and Government: President Joaquín Crespo (1892–1898)

Asia

Abu Dhabi
- Emir: Zayed I (1855-1909)

Ajman
- Sheikh: Humaid II (1891–1900)

Afghanistan
- Emir: Abdur Rahman Khan (1880–1901)

Bahrain
- Emir: Isa I. (1869-1932)

China ( Qing Dynasty )
- Emperor: Guangxu (1875-1908)

British India
- Empress : Victoria (1877–1901)
- Viceroy : Victor Bruce (1894–1899)

Japan
- Emperor : Mutsuhito (1867–1912)

Korea
- King: Gojong (1897–1907)

Kuwait
- Emir: Mubarak (1896-1915)

Nepal
- Head of State: King Prithvi (1881–1911)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Bir Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1885–1901)

Oman
- Sultan: Faisal ibn Turki (1888–1913)

Persia ( Qajar dynasty)
- Shah : Mozaffar ad-Din Shah (1896–1907)

Thailand
- King : Chulalongkorn (1868–1910)

Australia and Oceania

Australia :
- Queen: Victoria
- New South Wales
  - Governor : Henry Brand, 2nd Viscount Hampden (1895–1899)
  - Prime Minister : George Reid (1894–1899)
- Queensland
  - Governor : Charles Cochrane-Baillie, 2nd Baron Lamington (1896–1901)
  - Prime Minister : Hugh Nelson (1893–1898)
- South Australia
  - Governor : Sir Thomas Buxton, 3rd Baronet (1895–1899)
  - Prime Minister : Charles Kingston (1893-1899)
- Tasmania
  - Governor : Jenico Preston, 14th Viscount Gormanston (1893-1900)
  - Prime Minister : Sir Edward Braddon (1894–1899)
- Victoria
  - Governor : Thomas Brassey, 1st Baron Brassey (1895-1900)
  - Prime Minister : George Turner (1894–1899)
- Western Australia
  - Governor : Sir Gerard Smith (1895–1901)
  - Prime Minister : Sir John Forrest (1890-1901)

Hawaii
- President: Sanford Dole (1894-1900)

New Zealand
- Queen: Victoria
- Governor :
  1. David Boyle, 7th Earl of Glasgow (1892 to February 8, 1897)
  2. James Prendergast (February 8 to August 9, 1897)
  3. Uchter Knox, 5th Earl of Ranfurly (August 9, 1897-1904)
- Prime Minister : Richard Seddon (1893-1906)

Tonga
- King: George Tupou II (1893-1918)

Europe

Andorra
- Co-princes :
  - President of France : Félix Faure (1895–1899)
  - Bishop of Urgell : Salvador Casañas i Pagès (1879–1901)

Belgium
- Head of State: King Leopold II (1865–1909)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Paul de Smet de Naeyer (1896–1899, 1899–1907 )

Bulgaria
- Prince : Ferdinand I (1887–1918) (from 1908 Tsar)

Denmark
- Head of State: King : Christian IX. (1863–1906)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Tage Reedtz-Thott (1894–23 May 1897)
  - Prime Minister Hugo Egmont Hørring (23 May 1897–1900)

German Empire
- Kaiser : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)
  - Imperial Chancellor : Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1894–1900)
- Stop
  - Duke : Friedrich I (1871–1904)
    - Minister of State : Kurt von Koseritz (1892–1902)
- to bathe
  - Grand Duke : Friedrich I (1856–1907)
    - Minister of State: Wilhelm Nokk (1893–1901)
- Bavaria
  - King : Otto I (1886–1913)
    - Regent : Prince Regent Luitpold (1886–1912)
      - Chairman of the Council of Ministers : Friedrich Krafft Graf von Crailsheim (1890–1903)
- Braunschweig
  - Regent : Prince Albrecht of Prussia (1885–1906)
- Bremen
  - Mayor : Albert Gröning ( 1895 , 1897, 1900, 1902 )
- Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine
  - Imperial governor: Prince Hermann zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg (1894–1907)
  - State Secretary of the Ministry for Alsace-Lorraine : Maximilian von Puttkamer (1887–1901)
- Hamburg
  - First Mayor : Johannes Versmann ( 1887–1888, 1891, 1894 ; 1897)
- Hessen-Darmstadt
  - Grand Duke : Ernst Ludwig (1892–1918)
    - President of the entire ministry : Jakob Finger (1884–1898)
- lip
  - Prince : Alexander (1895–1905)
    - Regent: Adolf zu Schaumburg-Lippe (1895–1897)
    - Regent: Ernst Graf zu Lippe-Biesterfeld (1897–1904)
- Lübeck
  - Mayor : Wilhelm Brehmer (1897–1898, 1901–1902 )
- Mecklenburg-Schwerin
  - Grand Duke : Friedrich Franz III. (1883-1897)
  - Grand Duke: Friedrich Franz IV. (1897–1918)
    - Regent: Johann Albrecht (1897–1901)
- Mecklenburg-Strelitz
  - Grand Duke : Friedrich Wilhelm (1860–1904)
- Oldenburg
  - Grand Duke : Nikolaus Friedrich Peter (1853–1900)
    - Minister of State : Günther Jansen (1890–1900)
- Prussia
  - King : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)
    - Prime Minister : Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1894–1900)
- Reuss older line
  - Prince : Heinrich XXII. (1859–1902)
- Reuss younger line
  - Prince : Heinrich XIV. (1867–1913)
- Saxony
  - King : Albert (1873–1902)
    - Chairman of the entire ministry : Heinrich Rudolf Schurig (1895–1901)
- Saxony-Altenburg
  - Duke : Ernst I (1853–1908)
- Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
  - Duke : Alfred (1893–1900)
- Saxony-Meiningen
  - Duke : George II (1866–1914)
- Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
  - Grand Duke : Carl Alexander (1853–1901)
- Schaumburg-Lippe
  - Prince : Georg (1893–1911)
- Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
  - Prince : Günther Victor (1890–1918)
- Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
  - Prince : Karl Günther (1880–1909)
- Waldeck and Pyrmont (administered by Prussia since January 1, 1868)
  - Prince : Friedrich (1893–1918)
- Württemberg
  - King : Wilhelm II. (1891-1918)
    - President of the State Ministry : Hermann von Mittnacht (1876–1900)

France
- President : Félix Faure (1895–1899)

Greece
- King : George I (Greece) (1863–1913)

Italy
- King : Umberto I (1878–1900)

Luxembourg
- Grand Duke : Adolf I (1890–1905) (1839–1866 Duke of Nassau)

Monaco
- Prince : Albert I (1889–1922)

Montenegro
- Prince : Nikola I. Petrović Njegoš (1860–1918) (from 1910 king )

Neutral Moresnet
- King of Belgium : Leopold II (1865–1909)
- King of Prussia : Wilhelm II. (1888–1918)

Netherlands
- Queen : Wilhelmina (1890–1948)

Norway (1814–1905 personal union with Sweden)
- King : Oskar II (1872–1905)

Ottoman Empire :
- Sultan : Abdülhamid II. (1876-1909)

Austria-Hungary
- Emperor : Franz Joseph I (1848–1916)

Portugal
- King : Charles I (1889–1908)

Romania
- Head of State: King Charles I (1866–1914) (until 1881 Prince)
- Head of Government:
  - Prime Minister Petre S. Aurelian (1896-1897)
  - Prime Minister Dimitrie Sturdza ( 1895–1896 , 1897–1899, 1901–1905, 1907–1909 )

Russia
- Emperor : Nicholas II (1894–1917)

Sweden
- King : Oskar II. (1872–1907) (1872–1905 King of Norway)

Serbia
- King : Aleksandar Obrenović (1889–1903)

Spain
- King : Alfonso XIII. (1886–1931)
- Regent: Maria Christina (1885–1902)

Hungary
- King : Franz Joseph I (1848–1916) (1848–1916 King of Bohemia, 1848–1916 Emperor of Austria)

United Kingdom
- Head of State: Queen Victoria (1837–1901) (1877–1901 Empress of India)
- Head of Government: Prime Minister Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury ( 1885–1886, 1886–1892 , 1895–1902)