List of Prime Ministers of Canada
The list of the Prime Minister of Canada performs all the Prime Minister (Engl. Prime minister , French. Premier ministre ) of Canada on. Canada has a bicameral parliament with a parliamentary government based on the Westminster system . The prime minister is also the chairman of the party that holds the most seats in the lower house (in Canada, the majority vote applies ). The Prime Minister acts as head of government , while the head of state , the Canadian monarch , currently Elizabeth II , is represented by the governor general .
Only two Prime Ministers - John Abbott and Mackenzie Bowell - were not in the House of Commons prior to their appointment as Prime Minister, as is customary law . Both were members of the Senate and took over government responsibility in 1891 and 1894 respectively after the death of their predecessor.
Acting Prime Minister since November 4, 2015 is Justin Trudeau of the Liberal Party .
Prime Minister of Canada
- Abbreviations
AB: Alberta , BC: British Columbia , MB: Manitoba , NS: Nova Scotia , ON: Ontario , QC: Québec , SK: Saskatchewan
image | # | Prime minister (party) |
Term of office | elections | Constituency, province |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. |
John Macdonald (Liberal Conservative Party) (1st term) |
July 1, 1867 - November 5, 1873 |
Appointed July 1, 1867 Election Aug. – Sep. 1867 Re-election July – October. 1872 Resignation Nov. 5, 1873 ( Pacific scandal ) |
Kingston, ON | |
2. |
Alexander Mackenzie (Liberal Party) |
November 7, 1873 - October 8, 1878 |
Appointed Nov. 7, 1873 Election: Jan. 22, 1874 |
Lambton, ON | |
1. |
John Macdonald (Liberal Conservative Party) (2nd term) |
October 17, 1878 - June 6, 1891 |
Election Sep 17 1878 Re-elected June 20, 1882 Re-election February 22, 1887 Re-election March 5, 1891 Died in office |
Victoria, BC (from 1878) Carleton-Lennox, ON (from 1882) Kingston-Carleton, ON (from 1887) Kingston, ON (1891) |
|
3. |
John Abbott (Liberal Conservative Party) |
June 16, 1891 - November 24, 1892 |
Appointed June 16, 1891 Resignation November 24, 1892 (retired) |
senator | |
4th |
John Thompson (Conservative Party) |
December 5, 1892 - December 12, 1894 |
Appointed Dec. 5, 1892 Died in office |
Antigonish, NS | |
5. |
Mackenzie Bowell (Conservative Party) |
December 21, 1894 - April 27, 1896 |
Appointment December 21, 1894 Resignation April 27, 1896 (retired) |
senator | |
6th |
Charles Tupper (Conservative Party) |
May 1, 1896 - July 8, 1896 |
Appointed May 1, 1896 | Cape Breton, NS | |
7th |
Wilfrid Laurier (Liberal Party) |
July 11, 1896 - October 6, 1911 |
Election June 23, 1896 Re-election November 7, 1900 Re-election November 3, 1904 Re-election October 26, 1908 |
Québec-Est, QC | |
8th. |
Robert Borden (Conservative Party, Unionist Party) |
October 10, 1911 - July 9, 1920 |
Election Sep 21 1911 Change of party October 12, 1917 Re-election December 17, 1917 Resignation July 9, 1920 (retired) |
Halifax, NS (from 1911) Kings, NS (from 1917) |
|
9. |
Arthur Meighen (NLC) (1st term) |
July 10, 1920 - December 28, 1921 |
Appointed July 7, 1920 | Portage La Prairie, MB | |
10. |
William Lyon Mackenzie King (Liberal Party) (1st term) |
December 29, 1921 - June 28, 1926 |
Election December 6, 1921 (minority government) Re-election October 29, 1925 (minority government) By-election February 15, 1926 Resignation June 28, 1926 ( King Byng affair ) |
York North, ON (from 1921) Prince Albert, SK (from 1926) |
|
9. |
Arthur Meighen (Conservative Party) (2nd term) |
June 29, 1926 - September 24, 1926 |
Appointed June 29, 1926 | Portage La Prairie, MB | |
10. |
William Lyon Mackenzie King (Liberal Party) (2nd term) |
September 25, 1926 - August 6, 1930 |
Election Sep 14 1926 (minority government) |
Prince Albert, SK | |
11. |
Richard Bedford Bennett (Conservative Party) |
August 7, 1930 - October 22, 1935 |
Election July 28, 1930 | Calgary-West, AB | |
10. |
William Lyon Mackenzie King (Liberal Party) (3rd term) |
October 23, 1935 - November 14, 1948 |
Election October 14, 1935 Re-election March 26, 1940 Re-election June 11, 1945 By-election August 6, 1945 Resignation November 15, 1948 (retired) |
Prince Albert, SK (from 1935) Glengarry, ON (from 1945) |
|
12. |
Louis Saint-Laurent (Liberal Party) |
November 15, 1948 - June 20, 1957 |
Appointment November 15, 1948 Re-election June 27, 1949 Re-election August 10, 1953 |
Québec-Est, QC | |
13. |
John Diefenbaker (Progressive Conservative Party) |
June 21, 1957 - April 21, 1963 |
Election June 10, 1957 (minority government) Re-election March 31, 1958 Re-election June 18, 1962 (minority government) |
Prince Albert, SK | |
14th |
Lester Pearson (Liberal Party) |
April 22, 1963 - April 19, 1968 |
Election April 8, 1963 (minority government) Re-election November 8, 1965 (minority government) Resignation April 20, 1968 (retired) |
Algoma East, ON | |
15th |
Pierre Trudeau (Liberal Party) (1st term) |
April 20, 1968 - June 3, 1979 |
Appointment April 6, 1968 Re-election June 25, 1968 Re-election October 30, 1972 (minority government) Re-election July 8, 1974 |
Mount Royal, QC | |
16. |
Joe Clark (Progressive Conservative Party) |
June 4, 1979 - March 2, 1980 |
Election May 22, 1979 (minority government) |
Yellowhead, AB | |
15th |
Pierre Trudeau (Liberal Party) (2nd term) |
March 3, 1980 - June 29, 1984 |
Election Feb. 18, 1980 Resignation June 29, 1984 (retired) |
Mount Royal, QC | |
17th |
John Turner (Liberal Party) |
June 30, 1984 - September 16, 1984 |
Appointed June 16, 1984 | no MP | |
18th |
Brian Mulroney (Progressive Conservative Party) |
September 17, 1984 - June 24, 1993 |
Election Sep 4th 1984 Re-election November 21, 1988 Resignation June 24, 1993 (retired) |
Manicouagan, QC (from 1984) Charlevoix, QC (from 1988) |
|
19th |
Kim Campbell (Progressive Conservative Party) |
June 25, 1993 - November 3, 1993 |
Appointed June 13, 1993 | Vancouver Center, BC | |
20th |
Jean Chrétien (Liberal Party) |
November 4, 1993 - December 11, 2003 |
Election October 25, 1993 Re-election June 2, 1997 Re-election November 27, 2000 Resignation December 11, 2003 (retired) |
Saint-Maurice, QC | |
21st |
Paul Martin (Liberal Party) |
December 12, 2003 - February 5, 2006 |
Appointment November 15, 2003 Re-election June 28, 2004 (minority government) |
Lasalle-Émard, QC | |
22nd |
Stephen Harper (Conservative Party) |
February 6, 2006 - November 4, 2015 |
Election January 23, 2006 (minority government) Re-election October 14, 2008 (minority government) Re-election May 2, 2011 |
Calgary Southwest, AB | |
23. |
Justin Trudeau (Liberal Party) |
November 4, 2015 - incumbent |
Election October 19, 2015 Re-election October 21, 2019 (minority government) |
Papineau, QC |
See also
Web links
- Prime Minister of Canada since 1867 (Engl.)
- Prime Minister of Canada website (English, French)
- Government of Canada website (English, French)
Remarks
- ↑ The prime minister is usually also a member of the lower house. This column indicates in which constituency he was elected.
- ↑ In 1878 John Macdonald had himself set up in the constituencies of Kingston (Ontario) , Marquette (Manitoba) and Victoria (British Columbia) . He was beaten by Liberal Alexander Gunn in Kingston, but elected in the other two constituencies. He then decided to represent Victoria.
- ↑ Abbott was a senator for Inkerman District in Quebec when he was named Prime Minister.
- ↑ Abbott was a senator for Hastings County, Ontario when he was named Prime Minister.
- ↑ After the dissolution of parliament, Mackenzie Bowell resigned and Charles Tupper became the new Prime Minister. Tupper only held this office during the election campaign. His party lost the elections, so he was never able to chair a parliamentary session.
- ↑ In the 1925 elections, King's Liberal Party received fewer seats than Meighen's Conservative Party. King stayed in office because of the support of the Progressive Party
- ↑ In the elections on October 29, 1925 , King lost his seat in York North, but was re-elected in a by-election in the Prince Albert constituency on February 15, 1926.
- ↑ King lost his seat in the Prince Albert constituency on June 11, 1945, but won a by-election in Glengarry on August 6, 1945.