List of Prime Ministers of Canada

Portraits of the Prime Ministers of Canada until 1963

The list of the Prime Minister of Canada performs all the Prime Minister (Engl. Prime minister , French. Premier ministre ) of Canada on. Canada has a bicameral parliament with a parliamentary government based on the Westminster system . The prime minister is also the chairman of the party that holds the most seats in the lower house (in Canada, the majority vote applies ). The Prime Minister acts as head of government , while the head of state , the Canadian monarch , currently Elizabeth II , is represented by the governor general .

Only two Prime Ministers - John Abbott and Mackenzie Bowell - were not in the House of Commons prior to their appointment as Prime Minister, as is customary law . Both were members of the Senate and took over government responsibility in 1891 and 1894 respectively after the death of their predecessor.

Acting Prime Minister since November 4, 2015 is Justin Trudeau of the Liberal Party .

Prime Minister of Canada

Liberal Party

Liberal Conservative Party , Conservative Party (historical) , Unionist Party , NLC , Progressive Conservative Party

Conservative Party

Abbreviations

AB: Alberta , BC: British Columbia , MB: Manitoba , NS: Nova Scotia , ON: Ontario , QC: Québec , SK: Saskatchewan

image	#	Prime minister (party)	Term of office	elections	Constituency, province
	01.	John Macdonald (Liberal Conservative Party) (1st term)	July 1, 1867 - November 5, 1873	Appointed July 1, 1867 Election Aug. – Sep. 1867 Re-election July – October. 1872 Resignation Nov. 5, 1873 ( Pacific scandal )	Kingston, ON
	02.	Alexander Mackenzie (Liberal Party)	November 7, 1873 - October 8, 1878	Appointed Nov. 7, 1873 Election: Jan. 22, 1874	Lambton, ON
	01.	John Macdonald (Liberal Conservative Party) (2nd term)	October 17, 1878 - June 6, 1891	Election Sep 17 1878 Re-elected June 20, 1882 Re-election February 22, 1887 Re-election March 5, 1891 Died in office	Victoria, BC (from 1878) Carleton-Lennox, ON (from 1882) Kingston-Carleton, ON (from 1887) Kingston, ON (1891)
	03.	John Abbott (Liberal Conservative Party)	June 16, 1891 - November 24, 1892	Appointed June 16, 1891 Resignation November 24, 1892 (retired)	senator
	04th	John Thompson (Conservative Party)	December 5, 1892 - December 12, 1894	Appointed Dec. 5, 1892 Died in office	Antigonish, NS
	05.	Mackenzie Bowell (Conservative Party)	December 21, 1894 - April 27, 1896	Appointment December 21, 1894 Resignation April 27, 1896 (retired)	senator
	06th	Charles Tupper (Conservative Party)	May 1, 1896 - July 8, 1896	Appointed May 1, 1896	Cape Breton, NS
	07th	Wilfrid Laurier (Liberal Party)	July 11, 1896 - October 6, 1911	Election June 23, 1896 Re-election November 7, 1900 Re-election November 3, 1904 Re-election October 26, 1908	Québec-Est, QC
	08th.	Robert Borden (Conservative Party, Unionist Party)	October 10, 1911 - July 9, 1920	Election Sep 21 1911 Change of party October 12, 1917 Re-election December 17, 1917 Resignation July 9, 1920 (retired)	Halifax, NS (from 1911) Kings, NS (from 1917)
	09.	Arthur Meighen (NLC) (1st term)	July 10, 1920 - December 28, 1921	Appointed July 7, 1920	Portage La Prairie, MB
	10.	William Lyon Mackenzie King (Liberal Party) (1st term)	December 29, 1921 - June 28, 1926	Election December 6, 1921 (minority government) Re-election October 29, 1925 (minority government) By-election February 15, 1926 Resignation June 28, 1926 ( King Byng affair )	York North, ON (from 1921) Prince Albert, SK (from 1926)
	09.	Arthur Meighen (Conservative Party) (2nd term)	June 29, 1926 - September 24, 1926	Appointed June 29, 1926	Portage La Prairie, MB
	10.	William Lyon Mackenzie King (Liberal Party) (2nd term)	September 25, 1926 - August 6, 1930	Election Sep 14 1926 (minority government)	Prince Albert, SK
	11.	Richard Bedford Bennett (Conservative Party)	August 7, 1930 - October 22, 1935	Election July 28, 1930	Calgary-West, AB
	10.	William Lyon Mackenzie King (Liberal Party) (3rd term)	October 23, 1935 - November 14, 1948	Election October 14, 1935 Re-election March 26, 1940 Re-election June 11, 1945 By-election August 6, 1945 Resignation November 15, 1948 (retired)	Prince Albert, SK (from 1935) Glengarry, ON (from 1945)
	12.	Louis Saint-Laurent (Liberal Party)	November 15, 1948 - June 20, 1957	Appointment November 15, 1948 Re-election June 27, 1949 Re-election August 10, 1953	Québec-Est, QC
	13.	John Diefenbaker (Progressive Conservative Party)	June 21, 1957 - April 21, 1963	Election June 10, 1957 (minority government) Re-election March 31, 1958 Re-election June 18, 1962 (minority government)	Prince Albert, SK
	14th	Lester Pearson (Liberal Party)	April 22, 1963 - April 19, 1968	Election April 8, 1963 (minority government) Re-election November 8, 1965 (minority government) Resignation April 20, 1968 (retired)	Algoma East, ON
	15th	Pierre Trudeau (Liberal Party) (1st term)	April 20, 1968 - June 3, 1979	Appointment April 6, 1968 Re-election June 25, 1968 Re-election October 30, 1972 (minority government) Re-election July 8, 1974	Mount Royal, QC
	16.	Joe Clark (Progressive Conservative Party)	June 4, 1979 - March 2, 1980	Election May 22, 1979 (minority government)	Yellowhead, AB
	15th	Pierre Trudeau (Liberal Party) (2nd term)	March 3, 1980 - June 29, 1984	Election Feb. 18, 1980 Resignation June 29, 1984 (retired)	Mount Royal, QC
	17th	John Turner (Liberal Party)	June 30, 1984 - September 16, 1984	Appointed June 16, 1984	no MP
	18th	Brian Mulroney (Progressive Conservative Party)	September 17, 1984 - June 24, 1993	Election Sep 4th 1984 Re-election November 21, 1988 Resignation June 24, 1993 (retired)	Manicouagan, QC (from 1984) Charlevoix, QC (from 1988)
	19th	Kim Campbell (Progressive Conservative Party)	June 25, 1993 - November 3, 1993	Appointed June 13, 1993	Vancouver Center, BC
	20th	Jean Chrétien (Liberal Party)	November 4, 1993 - December 11, 2003	Election October 25, 1993 Re-election June 2, 1997 Re-election November 27, 2000 Resignation December 11, 2003 (retired)	Saint-Maurice, QC
	21st	Paul Martin (Liberal Party)	December 12, 2003 - February 5, 2006	Appointment November 15, 2003 Re-election June 28, 2004 (minority government)	Lasalle-Émard, QC
	22nd	Stephen Harper (Conservative Party)	February 6, 2006 - November 4, 2015	Election January 23, 2006 (minority government) Re-election October 14, 2008 (minority government) Re-election May 2, 2011	Calgary Southwest, AB
	23.	Justin Trudeau (Liberal Party)	November 4, 2015 - incumbent	Election October 19, 2015 Re-election October 21, 2019 (minority government)	Papineau, QC

See also

• List of Governors General of Canada

Web links

• Prime Minister of Canada since 1867 (Engl.)
• Prime Minister of Canada website (English, French)
• Government of Canada website (English, French)

Remarks

1. ↑ The prime minister is usually also a member of the lower house. This column indicates in which constituency he was elected.
2. ↑ In 1878 John Macdonald had himself set up in the constituencies of Kingston (Ontario) , Marquette (Manitoba) and Victoria (British Columbia) . He was beaten by Liberal Alexander Gunn in Kingston, but elected in the other two constituencies. He then decided to represent Victoria.
3. ↑ Abbott was a senator for Inkerman District in Quebec when he was named Prime Minister.
4. ↑ Abbott was a senator for Hastings County, Ontario when he was named Prime Minister.
5. ↑ After the dissolution of parliament, Mackenzie Bowell resigned and Charles Tupper became the new Prime Minister. Tupper only held this office during the election campaign. His party lost the elections, so he was never able to chair a parliamentary session.
6. ↑ In the 1925 elections, King's Liberal Party received fewer seats than Meighen's Conservative Party. King stayed in office because of the support of the Progressive Party
7. ↑ In the elections on October 29, 1925 , King lost his seat in York North, but was re-elected in a by-election in the Prince Albert constituency on February 15, 1926.
8. ↑ King lost his seat in the Prince Albert constituency on June 11, 1945, but won a by-election in Glengarry on August 6, 1945.

This version was added to the selection of informative lists and portals on September 7, 2009 .