Transit traffic
The transit traffic is generally the traffic through countries or states that neither the beginning nor the destination of the trip are. A special form of transit traffic is horseshoe traffic .
In European customs law , transit traffic (“transit”) is used when goods are transported through a national territory without being imported and cleared for free movement (colloquially “ customs cleared ”) or given another customs regulation , such as removal to a customs warehouse or re-export . See also customs transit procedures .
The other possibility of border traffic is alternating traffic , also referred to as destination and source traffic.
Political regulations
The TIR procedure serves to simplify the cross-border movement of goods under customs law. Many states have issued travel regulations such as transit visas for transit traffic . In the case of enclaves of one state that can only be reached via another state, transit regulations often solve interstate problems. Examples are East Prussia , which was separated from the rest of the German Empire by the Polish Corridor in the interwar period . During the Cold War there was transit traffic through the GDR to West Berlin . Since the independence of Lithuania and Belarus , the northern part of the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad has been separated from the motherland and connected by transit traffic. For Austria was once it joins the European Union in 1995, a transit agreement , which ended of 2003.
The European Conference of Transport Ministers has regulated access to the market for cross-border road haulage in three-country traffic with the CEMT permit .
Air traffic
In passenger air traffic, flight movements are referred to as transit traffic in which the aircraft stop over, but the passengers do not leave the so-called transit area of the airport and are therefore not controlled with regard to the entry regulations at this airport. However, this can mean that passengers who are not permitted to enter the country remain in the transit area. In individual cases, passengers who lacked travel documents or entry permits to a destination country lived in the transit area for days or years. The cinema film Terminal from 2004 is a cinematic processing of the topic .
For the Schengen area as well as for Iceland , Liechtenstein , Norway and Switzerland , Regulation (EC) No. 810/2009 (Visa Code) in Article 3 in conjunction with Annex IV specifies which persons have a transit visa to stay in the transit area have to. For a graphical representation of the states whose nationals require a visa for transit via Schengen states according to 810/2009 Annex IV, see: Article "Visa", section "Visas under Schengen law" .
There are only transit areas in a few very large international airports, otherwise travelers in transit are subjected to immigration controls, security controls and customs controls again. The obstacle is the administrative effort for controlling the travelers and extra aisles (cost factor, structural conditions).
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Life in the transit area, quartered under the escalator , ORF.at from June 27, 2013, accessed on June 30, 2013