Norah Docker

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lady Norah Docker (born June 23, 1906 as Norah Royce Turner in Derby , Derbyshire , Great Britain , † December 11, 1983 in London ) was a British public figure who came from a humble background and became one of the wealthiest through three marriages Women of the early British post war period. Especially during her marriage to the wealthy industrialist Bernard Docker in the 1950s, she drew attention to herself with her vulgarity, “excesses and calculated impudence”. Examples of Norah Docker's lavish style were the extravagant and extraordinarily expensive Docker Daimler show cars that she initiated and that are still associated with her in the 21st century. After allegations of embezzlement, the Dockers largely withdrew from public life at the end of the 1950s. Norah Docker died almost penniless in 1983.

biography

Parental home and childhood

Norah Docker's parents were Sydney and Amy Turner. She was the second of the couple's four children. When Norah was born, the family lived in Derby, a town in the East Midlands , for rent in an apartment above a slaughterhouse. At that time, his father worked as a shop fitter for the Boots drugstore chain, among others . Amy Turner is described in a biography as status-conscious and aspiring. In 1908 the Turners moved to the central English city of Birmingham , where their father bought a property in the expensive suburb of Edgbaston . He took over a car dealership that did well for a few years and enabled the family to live with several servants. After the outbreak of World War I , however, business deteriorated. After his voluntary enrollment in the military was refused for medical reasons, the financially troubled Sydney Turner developed a depression , as a result of which he committed suicide on a ferry between Holyhead and Dublin in 1922 . Amy Turner initially tried to continue the auto business on her own, but failed after a few months. In the end she had to sell the car dealership and the family estate. From the proceeds, Amy Turner took over the Three Tuns Pub in Sutton Coldfield , which she ran herself. She had sexual relations with her guests because, in her opinion, it was "good for business". She later traded the Three Tuns Pub for a shabby hotel in Tenbury Wells and failed in an attempt to return to profitable operations. Ultimately, she returned with the children to Birmingham, where she covered the living as a seamstress and laundress and through occasional male acquaintances.

These experiences were formative for Norah. She perceived them as a loss of their usual prosperity and at the same time as a threat to their personal development. On the one hand, she had to finish her schooling at a boarding school in Wales, which according to one source was only followed very superficially, and on the other hand, her intention to marry into the upper class of Birmingham was unsuccessful after the social stigmatization resulting from her father's suicide and the well-known dissolute behavior of her mother realize more.

Hostess in the Café de Paris

Café de Paris in London's West End

In the fall of 1924, Norah Turner left her family and settled in London. Her stated goal was marriage to a member of the British upper class. Her role model in this respect was the American Peggy Hopkins Joyce , who had become a millionaire herself through six marriages to wealthy business people and subsequent divorces.

Contacts through the class barriers of time allowed at that time, among others, the London nightclubs that had hired out a number of dancers for her male guests. From 1926 to 1932 Norah Turner was a dancer and hostess at the Café de Paris in the West End , one of the most exclusive clubs in the city. To get this job, she trained with the renowned dancer Santos Casani . Casani thought she was extraordinarily talented and compared her to the professional dancer Irene Castle . In the Café de Paris she was among other things a colleague of the later actress Merle Oberon . Before long, Norah Turner was able to charge £ 1 for each dance, more than any other dancer in the Café de Paris . Her peak weekly earnings were £ 100 which was worth £ 8,000 (almost € 9,000) in 2018. Her dance partners were primarily older men; Contacts with young members of the aristocracy were rare. She herself attributed this to the fact that her beauty was "not flawless". It is unclear whether the social contacts in the club subsequently also led to paid sexual relations with the guests. She denied this in her autobiography, published in 1969; later biographers considered the opposite to be "true to life".

Norah Turner interrupted her work in the Café de Paris from 1932 to 1934. She and her mother spent these years in poverty in the northern English provincial cities of Southport and Birmingham. The reasons for the interruption, which are partly interpreted as an escape from London, and for the fact that she had no financial reserves from her time in London are unclear. Norah Turner claimed in her autobiography that the owner of the Café de Paris had ceased operations; however, this is demonstrably incorrect. There is speculation about an unwanted, aborted pregnancy or a social scandal. During her time in Birmingham she also became engaged to a poor French man whom she described as the love of her life; the connection, however, failed because of his mother's resistance.

In 1934 she returned to London, where she initially found work temporarily at the Savoy Hotel and after a short time resumed her position as hostess in the Café de Paris . Her favorite guests continued to include men who were much older than her, including the Chief Justice Cecil Whiteley , who gave her a hotel in the southern English spa town of Royal Tunbridge Wells , and the 9th Duke of Marlborough .

Norah Callingham

In 1937 Norah Turner entered into a relationship with 15 years older, devout Clement Callingham, the wealthy owner of the centuries-old wine trading company Henekeys. The couple lived near Maidenhead in the greater London area, where Callingham had bought a country house for them. At the beginning of the relationship, Callingham was still married. During this time, Norah Turner became pregnant twice; She broke off both pregnancies at his instigation because he could not imagine a child born out of wedlock. After their divorce in 1938, she and Callingham married. In 1938 their son Lance was born, whom Norah Callingham named after Lance Reventlow , the son of Barbara Hutton, who was admired by her, though personally unknown . Some sources also report the birth of a daughter named Felicity, who died in 1944 at the age of nine months. At the beginning of World War II , Norah Callingham served in a volunteer unit in the British Army , but later on in the war she moved with her family to Wales. Clement Callingham developed depression in the last year of the war and died in July 1945 of complications from a thrombosis . Callingham left her a fortune of £ 175,000, which was roughly £ 5 million in 2018.

Lady Norah Collins

Fortnum & Mason: Luxury department store in Picadilly

In 1946, Norah Callingham married William Henry Collins, KB , a widowed businessman 33 years her senior , who was friends with her first husband. As the wife of an ennobled woman , she could then demand the address Lady for life .

William Collins was managing director of the salt producer Ceberos and was also involved in the management of the London luxury department store Fortnum & Mason . Norah initially saw the entrepreneur, who was already 70 years old at the time, as a suitable husband for her mother, but ultimately married him herself regardless of the considerable age difference. She openly stated that she had married Collins solely because of his wealth. The couple lived on a country estate in Wexham , near Slough . The short marriage was inharmonious. It was shaped by Collins' dementia and rapidly deteriorating health. During the last months of his life, William Collins was temporarily in a coma . One attending physician suspected that Norah Collins or her mother had administered sleeping pills to the bedridden patient in an uncontrolled manner; but there was no charge. Depending on the source, William Collins died in November 1947 or 1948. He left his wife a fortune in the millions.

Lady Norah Docker

On February 3, 1949, Norah Collins married the industrialist Bernard Docker, ten years her senior, who, like her, had spent his youth in Birmingham and was now one of the wealthiest businessmen in Great Britain.

Bernard Docker

Docker had been a member of the board of directors and managing director of the Birmingham Small Arms (BSA) group founded by his father since 1940 , which included the renowned automobile manufacturer Daimler and the coachbuilder Hooper . He owned numerous properties, as well as the Shemara, the largest privately owned motor yacht in the world at the time . Bernard Docker was divorced; his marriage to his first wife, the actress Jeanne Stuart , came to an end a few months in 1933 after Stuart had been convicted of adultery .

The Dazzling Dockers

Often reported: Docker's motor yacht Shemara

Shortly after the marriage, Norah Docker received seats on the boards of BSA, Daimler and Hooper; Bernard Docker also looked after some of his wife's relatives. The man, one of her sisters, became a manager at Daimler and later also a member of the board of directors at the car body manufacturer Carbodies , which also belonged to the BSA group. In return, Norah Docker immediately put her husband in the spotlight. In the following decade, the Dockers were the subject of almost continuous coverage in the tabloid media . Magazines like Picture Post produced photo reports of Norah Docker in four-color printing , which was still very expensive at the time , and the BBC showed the couple's private life on the television program At Home with the Dockers . The couple were soon known in the press as the Dazzling Dockers . Norah Docker showed a lavish lifestyle that stood in stark contrast to the austerity -dominated life in Britain in the early post-war years. Examples of this are the Docker Daimlers initiated by Norah Docker, large and eye-catching show cars with sensational and, in the eyes of some observers, extremely vulgar equipment details.

Equation with Daimler

Daimler Motor Company

Norah Docker often linked her media presence with BSA and Daimler. Daimler's cars, especially the Docker Daimler, were used as props at many appearances. The Dockers drove up to private and business companies in these cars, and for appointments abroad they had some of them flown in. Norah Docker often wore clothes that her personal seamstress had tailored to the respective car. When the Daimler Gold Car was sent on a worldwide PR tour in 1954 , Norah Docker, who accompanied the car, had clothes made for it that were almost as expensive as the car itself, and charged the BSA Group with the costs . The following year, The Gold Car was a prop in the US feature film Gentlemen Marry Brunettes (German title: This is how one loves in Paris ). Norah Docker took acting lessons from the leading actresses Jane Russell and Jeanne Crain in order to professionalise posing on the car for photo shoots.

BSA initially welcomed the factual equation of Norah Docker and Daimler in the public eye and valued their appearances as "the publicity coup of the decade." That changed after a few years when scandals set in. As early as 1953, Midland Bank had expressed "concern" about the Dockers' "unworthy lifestyle" and pressured Bernard Docker to resign from his position as a board member, which he had held since 1928. BSA followed suit three years later. This was triggered by Norah Docker's cloakroom costs of over £ 8,000 as well as the cost of transporting two Docker Daimlers to Monaco by air , which she had invoiced to the Daimler Company as operating expenses. Thereupon, in May 1956, the majority of the board of directors developed the opinion that the reporting in the media associated with this behavior was "not associated with any reasonable economic value for the BSA group" and excluded him from the committee.

Social decline and the last few years

Great Western Hotel Paddington: Norah Docker's final lodging

Losing board positions not only resulted in a loss of ongoing revenue streams; the Dockers no longer had the option of charging a company for the cost of their life. The couple ran into financial difficulties. Initially, Bernard Docker sold company shares and real estate. This was accompanied by a loss of social significance. As early as the second half of the 1950s, the British press turned increasingly against Norah Docker. It received critical reports and later became a mockery of the media.

In 1966 the Dockers moved into a "modest bungalow" on the Channel Island of Jersey , where hardly any taxes were incurred. Norah Docker loathed the island, the people of which she found extremely boring. During this time she developed alcohol problems. At the beginning of the 1970s, the Dockers relocated to Mallorca , where - possibly intentionally - they were forgotten.

In 1976, Norah Docker placed her husband, who had become ill, in a nursing home in Bournemouth , southern England , where he died in 1978, forgotten by the media and the public. When Norah Docker returned to London, she had "very little money" left. She rented a room in the then derelict Great Western Hotel Paddington at Paddington Station , where she died in December 1983 at the age of 77.

Scandals

Especially during her third marriage, Norah Docker caused a number of scandals, which were widely reported in the British press, but also in some cases beyond.

In 1951, Norah Docker slapped an employee of the Monte-Carlo casino after trying to prevent her from leaving the casino after a losing game. In 1958 there was another scandal in Monaco. In the run-up to Albert Grimaldi's baptism , Norah Docker tried to extend the invitation only for her and her husband to her son Lance. When she was denied that, she publicly insulted Prince Rainier in a state of alcohol and tore a Monegasque flag in a restaurant. Thereupon she was banned from entering the principality, which a little later all cities of the French Riviera joined.

There were also scandals in her home country. Billy Hill was involved twice , the then leading figure in organized crime in Great Britain. In 1955, Norah and Bernard Docker were guests at a party Hill gave to mark the publication of his memoir. Numerous serious criminals were among the other guests. Norah Docker had her picture taken when Hill kissed her in the presence of her husband and a number of photographers. A biographer Billy Hills continues, citing witnesses, that earlier that evening, Norah Docker and Billy Hill had sexual contact. The British press spread photos of the kiss nationwide in the days that followed. Four years later, Billy Hill was hired by Norah Docker to find pieces of jewelry that had been stolen from her. Hill justified his willingness to help her with the sentence: "Lady Docker is one of us."

Docker Daimler

The last Docker Daimler: Golden Zebra (1955)

The Docker Daimler were a particularly striking expression of Norah Docker's wastefulness. They include five show cars from the Daimler Motor Company, of which a new variant was exhibited every year at the British Motor Show from 1951 . They were intended as eye-catchers and had the purpose of bringing the antiquated Daimler brand into international conversation. The Docker Daimlers are characterized by extraordinary equipment details. These included gold-plated attachments and 7,000 hand-painted stars on the paint for the Golden Car (1951), lizard- leather seat covers for the Blue Clover (1952), a crocodile-skin dashboard for the Silver Flash (1953), silk seat covers and glasses from Cartier for the Star Dust (1954) ) as well as gold-plated attachments and an interior made of zebra skin for the Golden Zebra (1955). The design of all Docker Daimler's was publicly attributed to Norah Docker. In fact, the bodies were each based on the Hooper Empress Line , a design concept that Hooper designer Osmond Rivers had developed before Norah and Bernard Docker got married, and which in and of itself received a lot of approval. In the automotive literature, there is agreement that Norah Docker was primarily responsible for the extraordinary equipment details of the Docker Daimler. They were and still are described negatively: "What Lady Docker added to Osmond Rivers' flowing lines was nothing more than a touch of honest vulgarity" at the annual show cars . Others claim that Norah Docker ruined wonderfully balanced shapes with bad taste.

Initially, the extraordinarily expensive Docker Daimlers served their purpose: They brought the brand into conversation, especially when Norah Docker drove up to them. On the other hand, however, the British upper class, who provided Daimler's typical clientele, rejected the cars. The attention could not be permanently translated into sales figures. Some sources see the Daimler Docker and the appearance of Norah Docker as a reason for the loss of reputation and the decline of the Daimler brand.

Norah Docker in the media

The contemporary press initially reported benevolently or admiringly about Norah Docker. The term dazzling dockers was widely used in the early 1950s. The press also referred to her as Naughty Norah , whereby the term naughty (roughly: naughty) was to be understood with a wink and benevolence.

With the end of her activities for Daimler, that changed; critical reporting increased. The German news magazine Der Spiegel called her the “ enfant terrible of international society” in 1959. Critics pointed to her “modest origins” and said that she had “never shed an aura of the ordinary”. She was "the most photographed woman without any meaning" and became a symbol of an "unrestrained orgy of waste". In retrospect, her role for Daimler was also relativized. Their function was limited to being driven here and there to parties. Eventually, Norah Docker became the mockery of the media. The comedian Frankie Howerd, for example, repeatedly showed pictures of overweight older women in his broadcasts in the 1960s, who were strikingly dressed, mockingly titling them as Lady Docker.

With a distance of several decades, a British author compared Bernard and Norah Docker with David and Victoria Beckham and referred to them as "Posh and Becks of the 1950s".

aftermath

The term "Lady Docker" was used in the English-speaking world for a time as a paraphrase for a person whose social goals are above their class. The subsequent question “Who do you think you are? Lady Docker? ”Was a widespread expression, especially in the north of England in the 1950s.

Norah Docker is still present in the media decades after her death. Every specialist book on the Daimler automobile brand contains detailed descriptions of their lives. When a Docker Daimler is offered for sale, the British media - in addition to the automotive press - usually bring biographical articles about Norah Docker. In 2018, Tim Hogarth finally published a Norah Docker biography in the UK.

literature

  • Norah Docker: Norah: the autobiography of Lady Docker , WH Allen, 1969.
  • Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147
  • Brian Long: Daimler & Lanchester. A Century of Motor History , Longford International Publications, 1995, ISBN 1899154019
  • Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, David Burgess-Wise: Daimler Century . Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1995, ISBN 1-85260-494-8
  • Richard Townsend: Docker's Daimlers. Daimler and Lanchester Cars 1945 to 1960 , Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2017, ISBN 978 1 4456 6316 6

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ The Royal Mount Ephraim Hotel (today: Royal Wells Hotel ) in Royal Tunbridge Wells was built in 1766. Norah Turner took over the hotel in the second half of the 1930s and, together with her mother, tried to turn it into a top-class hotel. This also included efforts to organize societies in the style of the London Society , which, however, found no approval in the southern English province. In a short time the hotel made heavy losses, and several times Turner's acquaintances from the London Café de Paris had to help out financially. After less than two years the company was insolvent; the house had to be auctioned. S. Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147
  2. ^ After the 2001 renovation: Hilton London Paddington.
  3. ↑ The production of the gold car cost £ 8,500, representing an equivalent of eight Jaguar Mark V corresponded. The gold-plated décor alone cost as much as two Morris Minor at £ 900 . See Richard Townsend: Docker's Daimlers. Daimler and Lanchester Cars 1945 to 1960 , Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2017, ISBN 978 1 4456 6316 6 , p. 80; In addition, auction announcement from Bonhams auction house on Star Dust dated September 13, 2014 (accessed April 6, 2020).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Neil Tweedie: Naughty Norah, queen of excess: As her oh-so vulgar Daimler is auctioned, how lady Docker - the working class girl with a genius for nabbing minks and millionaires - scandalized Britain. dailymail.co.uk, September 12, 2014, accessed March 23, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 21.
  3. ^ A b c Anton Rippon: Derbyshire's Own , The History Press, 2006, ISBN 9780750953245 .
  4. ↑ a b c d e Nicola Rippon: From working-class Derby roots to gold-plated cars and pink Champagne. derbytelegraph.co.uk, October 8, 2017, accessed March 28, 2020 .
  5. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 24.
  6. ^ Website of the Three Tuns Pub in Sutton Coldfield (accessed March 28, 2020).
  7. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 35.
  8. ↑ a b Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 35.
  9. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 26.
  10. ^ Norah Docker: Norah: the autobiography of Lady Docker , WH Allen, 1969, p. 20.
  11. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 13.
  12. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 41.
  13. ^ Constance Rosenblum: Gold Digger: The Outrageous Life and Times of Peggy Hopkins Joyce . Henry Holt & Company, 2000, ISBN 0-8050-5089-2 .
  14. ↑ On Santos Casani s. James Nott: Going to the Palais: A Social And Cultural History of Dancing and Dance Halls in Britain, 1918-1960 , OUP Oxford, 2015, ISBN 9780191662720 , p. 101.
  15. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 16.
  16. ^ Cathy Hartley: A Historical Dictionary of British Women , Routledge, 2013, ISBN 9781135355340 .
  17. ↑ Charlotte Breese: Hutch , A&C Black, 2012, ISBN 9781408831137 .
  18. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 44.
  19. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 44.
  20. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 43.
  21. ^ Norah Docker: Norah: the autobiography of Lady Docker, WH Allen, 1969, p. 10.
  22. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , pp. 47-50.
  23. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 65.
  24. ^ A b Richard Townsend: Docker's Daimlers. Daimler and Lanchester Cars 1945 to 1960 6, Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2017, ISBN 978 1 4456 6316 6 , p. 13.
  25. ↑ No information on this, however, in the detailed Norah Docker biography by Tim Hogarth published in 2018 ( The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 ).
  26. ^ Robert Phipps Dod: The Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland for ...: Including All the Titled Classes , Whittaker, 1848, p. 595.
  27. ↑ a b Biographical data on William Henry Collins (accessed March 30, 2020).
  28. ↑ a b Annabel Spranklen: Lady Docker: The Fifties socialite Whose extravagant lifestyle scandalized Britain. tatler.com, September 1, 2018, accessed April 5, 2020 .
  29. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 104.
  30. ^ A b Brian Long: Daimler & Lanchester. A Century of Motor History , Longford International Publications, 1995, ISBN 1899154019 , p. 211.
  31. ^ Richard Townsend: Docker's Daimlers. Daimler and Lanchester Cars 1945 to 1960 , Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2017, ISBN 978 1 4456 6316 6 , p. 10.
  32. ↑ Tim Thomas: Superyacht Shemara: the 65m classic motor yacht is restored to her former glory. boatinternational.com, January 16, 2015, accessed on March 31, 2020 .
  33. ^ Brian Long: Daimler & Lanchester. A Century of Motor History , Longford International Publications, 1995, ISBN 1899154019 , p. 213.
  34. ↑ Mike Hutton: Life in 1950s London , Amberley Publishing Limited, 2014, ISBN 9781445621333 , Chapter 5.
  35. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar, Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 137.
  36. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 133.
  37. ↑ Glennys Bell: Those Fabulous Dockers: A Flag Ended the Fun , Sydney Morning Herald, May 28, 1978, p. 29.
  38. ^ Brian Long: Daimler & Lanchester. A Century of Motor History , Longford International Publications, 1995, ISBN 1899154019 , p. 215.
  39. ^ Richard Townsend: Docker's Daimlers. Daimler and Lanchester Cars 1945 to 1960 , Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2017, ISBN 978 1 4456 6316 6 , p. 80.
  40. ^ Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, David Burgess-Wise: Daimler Century . Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1995, ISBN 1-85260-494-8 , p. 267.
  41. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 140.
  42. ^ Richard Townsend: Docker's Daimlers. Daimler and Lanchester Cars 1945 to 1960, Amberley Publishing, Stroud, 2017, ISBN 978 1 4456 6316 6 , p. 13.
  43. ^ Brian Long: Daimler & Lanchester. A Century of Motor History , Longford International Publications, 1995, ISBN 1899154019 , p. 240.
  44. ↑ a b c d Peter Lewis: Why Diana Dors hated being a sex Symbol , Daily Mail, June 15, 2013.
  45. ^ RPT Davenport-Hines: Dudley Docker: The Life and Times of a Trade Warrior , Cambridge University Press, 2004, ISBN 9780521894005 , pp. 231-233.
  46. ↑ a b c d Jane Warren: Dazzling docker: Socialite showgirl Naughty Norah knew how to live life to the fullest. express.co.uk, September 12, 2014, accessed April 5, 2020 .
  47. ↑ a b Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , pp. 190–192.
  48. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 149.
  49. ↑ Dick Kirby: London's Gangs at War , Casemate Publishers, 2017, ISBN 9781473894785 .
  50. ↑ Mike Hutton: The Story of Soho: The Windmill Years 1932-1964 , Amberley Publishing Limited, 2012, ISBN 9781445612317 .
  51. ^ Note in: Der Spiegel , issue 51/1955, p. 56.
  52. ^ Wensley Clarkson: Billy Hill: godfather of London, Pennant, 2008, ISBN 9781906015145 , p. 205.
  53. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 169.
  54. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 170.
  55. ^ James Taylor: Coachwork on Rolls-Royce & Bentley 1945–1965 , Herridge & Sons, Beaworthy, 2019, ISBN 978-1-906133-89-4 , p. 96.
  56. ↑ a b Lord Montagu of Beaulieu, David Burgess-Wise: Daimler Century . Patrick Stephens Ltd., 1995, ISBN 1-85260-494-8 , p. 258.
  57. ^ Brian Sewell: Daimler: Extravagant design and magnificent bodywork. www.independent.co.uk, February 10, 2004, accessed March 19, 2020 .
  58. ↑ Classic Cars Special: English classic cars. Issue 7/8/9 1994, p. 36.
  59. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 178.
  60. ↑ a b Martin Celmins: Rear Window: Flash, brash, and fawned over by Fleet Street - When scandal wasn't royal. independent.co.uk, December 12, 1993, accessed March 30, 2020 .
  61. ↑ Der Spiegel , Issue 22/1959, p. 79.
  62. ↑ Mike Hutton: Life in 1950s London , Amberley Publishing Limited, 2014, ISBN 9781445621333 , Chapter 5.
  63. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. 187.
  64. ↑ Faith Eckersall: Relic to the past and the Posh and Becks of the 1950s. bournemouthecho.co.uk, November 13, 2011, accessed March 23, 2020 .
  65. ↑ Stuart Hylton: The Little Book of the 1950s , The History Press, 2013, ISBN 9780750951579 .
  66. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 , p. Ix.
  67. ↑ Tim Hogarth: The Dazzling Lady Docker: Britain's Forgotten Reality Superstar , Scratching Shed Publishing Ltd., 2018, ISBN 978-0995586147 .
personal data
SURNAME Docker, Norah
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Turner, Norah; Callingham, Norah; Collins, Norah
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British Public Figure
DATE OF BIRTH June 23, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Derby, UK
DATE OF DEATH December 11, 1983
Place of death London , UK