Derby (Derbyshire)
City of Derby | ||
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Location of Derby in England | ||
Coordinates | 52 ° 55 ′ N , 1 ° 29 ′ W | |
OS National Grid | SK3533936187 | |
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Residents | 257,174 (as of June 30, 2018) | |
surface | 78.03 km² (30.13 mi² ) | |
Population density: | 3296 inhabitants per km² | |
administration | ||
prefix | 01332 | |
Part of the country | England | |
Ceremonial county | Derbyshire | |
ONS code | 00FK | |
Website: www.derby.gov.uk | ||
Derby [ 'dɑrbi ] is a town on the River Derwent in Derbyshire in the East Midlands of England .
Derby was the traditional administrative center of Derbyshire. However, this is now Matlock . Since April 1997 Derby has been administratively independent and a unitary authority .
Derby is also the seat of the Bishop of Derby.
history
It is often assumed that the name Derby comes from the Danish Deor-a-by (village of the stag). This would make Derby one of the few English cities whose name is of Danish origin; another example is York , whose Danish name was Jorvik . But there are some indications that the name comes from the Roman name of the settlement Derventio . Some older maps also show Derby as Darby or Darbey . Derby recently celebrated its 2000th anniversary.
Recent archaeological research has provided evidence that Vikings and Anglo-Saxons lived side by side in two riverside settlements in the Derby area . In the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (approx. 900) it is said that Derby is divided by the water. The two areas were known as Northworthy and Deoraby and were on Irongate on the north side of town.
Derby was awarded the status of a 1977 City by Queen Elizabeth II. On the occasion of her 25th jubilee . Before that, Derby was one of the few cities that had a cathedral and was not a city.
During the English Civil War (1642–1649) Derby was a garrison town of parliamentarians under the command of Sir John Gell , who was appointed governor of Derby in 1643. These troops took part in the defense of Nottingham , the Siege of Lichfield , the Battle of Hopton Heath and numerous other combat operations in Nottinghamshire , Staffordshire and Cheshire ; likewise in the successful defense of Derbyshire against the royal troops.
Derby and Derbyshire were centers of the industrial revolution . In 1717 the first water-powered silk mill opened in Derby , built by John Lombe and George Sorocold . Lombe had previously stolen the process of silk yarn production in the Italian Piedmont (allegedly he was poisoned by the Piedmontese in 1722 out of revenge).
Other famous people associated with Derby in the 18th century include Samuel Johnson (author of the English Dictionary), the painter Joseph Wright of Derby , the cartographer, geodesist, engraver and engineer Peter Perez Burdett , the builder and architect Joseph Pickford , the watchmaker and philosopher John Whitehurst and Erasmus Darwin , physician, scientist, philosopher and grandfather of Charles Darwin .
During the First World War , a German zeppelin attack on January 31, 1916 killed 5 people. During the Second World War the Luftwaffe bombed the city, targeting a Rolls-Royce plant . In July 1942, numerous buildings were destroyed or damaged in air raids and civilians were killed.
Attractions
Town twinning
- Osnabrück since 1976
- Toyota (Aichi)
Derby and Osnabrück in Lower Saxony have been officially twin cities since February 17, 1976. In 1948, only three years after the end of the Second World War, the Osnabrück city leaders contacted the British authorities. The aim was to build bridges of understanding with the former opponents. These early efforts were unsuccessful and it was only in 1972 that Osnabrück took up the idea of a partnership with an English city. Four years later the partnership agreement was signed in the Osnabrück Peace Hall. Since then, the two cities have been exchanging city ambassadors. These city ambassadors hold their office for twelve months in their respective twin cities. The tasks of the ambassadors vary. The tasks include:
- Translations
- Lectures at schools and for groups of all kinds
- Find pen pals, host families and internships
- Support groups and organizations as well as schools with exchanges of all kinds
- Organizing a citizens' trip to the twin city
The exchange of city ambassadors is very unusual. No other city in Germany sends or receives city ambassadors and in England only Wigan has a similar exchange.
sons and daughters of the town
- John Cotton (1585-1652), clergyman, theologian
- Joseph Wright of Derby (1734–1797), painter
- Herbert Spencer (1820–1903), philosopher and sociologist
- William de Wiveleslie Abney (1843–1920), chemist and photographer
- Sir Frederick Henry Royce (1863–1933), entrepreneur, co-founder of Rolls-Royce
- Jack Robinson (1870-1931), football player
- Billy Pett (1873–1954), racing cyclist
- Charles Peaker (1899–1978), organist, choir director and music teacher
- Ronald Binge (1910–1979), composer
- Eric Malpass (1910-1996), writer
- Reg Parnell (1911–1964), Formula 1 racing driver
- Don Scott (1928-2013), boxer
- Kitty Grime (1930–2007), jazz singer and journalist
- Tim Parnell (1932–2017), automobile racing driver and racing team owner
- Campbell Burnap (1939-2008), jazz musician
- Tony Hateley (1941-2014), football player
- Kevin Coyne (1944-2004), rock musician, painter and author
- John Wetton (1949-2017), rock musician
- Sue Gibson (1952-2016), cinematographer
- Stephen Gregory (* 1952), author of horror novels
- Maximilian Sciandri (* 1967), racing cyclist
- Phil Robson (* 1970), jazz musician
- Ben Pridmore (* 1976), memory athlete
- David Gilbert (born 1981), snooker player
- Keiran Lee (born 1984), porn actor
- Ukweli Roach (* 1986), actor
- Michael Socha (* 1987), actor
- Jack O'Connell (born 1990), actor
- Lauren Socha (born 1990), actress
- Jamaal Lascelles (born 1993), football player
- Jay Clarke (born 1998), tennis player
- LostAlone
- Steven Battelle, singer and guitarist ( LostAlone )
- Mark Gibson, Drummer ( LostAlone )
- Tom Kitchen, bassist ( LostAlone )