Norfolk
Norfolk county | ||
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Country | United Kingdom | |
Part of the country | England | |
region | East of England | |
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status | Ceremonial and Administrative County | |
First mention | 1040s | |
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Ceremonial county | ||
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Administrative county | ||
Administrative authority | Norfolk County Council | |
Administrative headquarters | Norwich | |
ISO-3166-2 | GB-NFK | |
surface | 5,372 km² | |
Residents | 903.680 | |
was standing | June 30, 2018 | |
ONS code | 33 | |
GSS code | E10000020 | |
NUTS code | UKH13 | |
Website | www.norfolk.gov.uk | |
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Norfolk [ ˈnɔːfək ] is a county in Great Britain in East Anglia in the east of England . Norfolk is bordered by the counties of Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire to the west and south-west and Suffolk to the south. The area is bounded by the North Sea to the north and east . There is also an area of salt marshes between the counties of Norfolk and Lincolnshire called The Wash . The fishing rods , after which East Anglia and England themselves were named, settled here since the fifth century AD and later became the north folk (the "northern people") and the south folk (the "southern people"). This resulted in "Norfolk" and "Suffolk".
The capital and administrative center is Norwich . Other major cities are King's Lynn and Great Yarmouth . Norfolk is also known as the home of the Formula 1 team Lotus ( Hethel ).
history
In pre-Roman times the higher part of today's Norfolk was particularly populated. There are large deposits of flint there. The oldest artifacts are over 600,000 years old; Mining has been documented for over 4000 years. In the Bronze Age the region was a center of metal processing. Even in Celtic times, today's Norwich was an important place. After the Roman conquest, the Celtic Iceni revolted against the occupiers in AD 47 and 60/61. As in Suffolk , the coast was protected by a chain of Roman forts (e.g. Burgh Castle and Caister Castle in the Waveney Valley ) who were conquered by Saxons, Picts and Scots in 367. In the 5th century, the Angles invaded and settled along the rivers and established the Kingdom of East Anglia , which also included Suffolk and neighboring lands. Viking raids began in the 9th century and destroyed Norwich and Thetford in 1004 . It was also they who settled the fertile marshland areas more densely and founded settlements with place names in -by such as Billockby or Scratby; however, the coast remained threatened by invasions from the sea. After the Norman Conquest, moths were erected on the walls of the ancient Roman fort or Iron Age ramparts (as in the case of Thetford Castle ) .
In the Middle Ages, wool processing developed, which led to great prosperity and the establishment of numerous churches through the export of the wool of the Norfolk Horn sheep to the continent, until the plague partially depopulated the region in 1349 . In 1549 Robert Kett led a peasant revolt against the conversion of the commons into state or private property and the eviction of small tenants and conquered Norwich, then the second largest city in England. In 1579 and 1665 Norfolk was hit again by plague epidemics. As a result, the region remained sparsely populated and dominated by agriculture. During the storm surge in 1953, the coast crashed. A part of the coastline will have to be abandoned in the future due to the rise in sea levels, despite intensified coastal protection. The Bacton Gas Terminal at North Walsham is also threatened by coastal erosion .
towns and places
- Acle , Attleborough , Aylsham
- Bacton , Banham , Beeston , Belton , Blakeney , Bradenham , Brancaster , Bressingham , Briston , Brooke , Brundall , Burgh Castle , Burnham Thorpe , Burnham Market , Buxton Lamas
- Caister-on-Sea , Castle Acre , Chedgrave , Clenchwarton , Cley next the Sea , Cockley Cley , Coltishall , Cromer
- Denver , Dersingham , Dilham , Diss , Downham Market
- East Dereham , East Ruston
- Fakenham , Filby , Fincham
- Gorleston-on-Sea
- Halvergate , Hanworth , Happisburgh , Harleston , Heacham , Hemsby , Hilgay , Holkham , Holme-next-the-Sea , Holt , Hopton-on-Sea , Horning , Horsey , Hoveton , Hunstanton
- Langham , Loddon , Ludham , Ludham Bridge
- Merton , Middleton , Morston , Morton , Mundesley
- New Houghton , North Walsham
- Oulton , Ovington
- Paston , Potter Heigham
- Reedham , Reepham
- Sandringham , Sea Palling , Sheringham , Smallburgh , Snettisham , Stalham , Stoke Ferry , Sutton , Swaffham , Swafield
- Terrington St. Clement , Thetford , Thorpe Market , Thorpe St Andrew , Trunch , Thurne
- Upton
- Waxham , Walsingham , Wells-next-the-Sea , Welney , Weybourne , Winterton-on-Sea , Woodbastwick , Worstead , Wroxham , Wymondham
Attractions
- Norwich Cathedral (12th century) with cloister
- Burgh Castle
- Castle Rising near King's Lynn (12th century)
- Numerous monasteries such as B. Walsingham and Wymondham Abbeys
- Grimes Graves on the Suffolk border , the largest flint mine in the British Isles
- The Norfolk Broads , an impressive landscape and part of the Broads National Park.
- Sandringham House , the country home of the British royal family. The castle and gardens can be visited.
- Banham Zoo (20 ha), founded in 1968
In addition, several hiking trails run through the area.
Personalities
- Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (1758–1805), Admiral, born in Burnham Thorpe
Sons and daughters of the county
- Charles Cunningham Boycott (1832–1897), land manager in Ireland and captain in the British Army
- Martin Brundle (* 1959), racing car driver
- Caroline Cossey (* 1954), transsexual model and actress
- James Dyson (born 1947), engineer
- Rupert Everett (born 1959), actor
- Nathan Fake (* 1983), British producer of electronic music
- Sir Roy F. Harrod (1900–1978), economist
- John Lindley (1799-1865), botanist
- Roger Meddows-Taylor (* 1949), drummer in the rock band "Queen"
- Beth Orton (* 1970), musician
- Mal Peet (1947–2015), author of books for children and young people
- Olav V (Norway) (1903–1991), King of Norway
- Jonathan Raban (* 1942), writer
- Miranda Raison (born 1977), British actress
- Hannah Spearritt (* 1981), singer and actress
- Sigala (* 1989 or 1992), DJ and producer
literature
- Tom Williamson: The Origins of Norfolk. Manchester University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-7190-3928-2 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mid 2018 Estimates of the population for the UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
- ↑ Patrick Barkham: Norfolk slows down coastal erosion with sandscaping scheme. In: The Guardian, September 20, 2019.
Coordinates: 52 ° 41 ′ N , 0 ° 55 ′ E