Norfolk

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Norfolk county
Flag of Norfolk.svg
flag
Birmingham Coventry Metropolitan Borough of Solihull Wolverhampton Metropolitan Borough of Walsall Sandwell Metropolitan Borough of Dudley Kirklees City of Wakefield City of Leeds City of Bradford Calderdale North Tyneside South Tyneside City of Sunderland Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead Newcastle upon Tyne Metropolitan Borough of Wirral Liverpool Metropolitan Borough of Sefton Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley Metropolitan Borough of St Helens Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley Sheffield Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster Metropolitan Borough of Wigan City of Salford Trafford Manchester Metropolitan Borough of Stockport Tameside Metropolitan Borough of Oldham Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale Metropolitan Borough of Bury Metropolitan Borough of Bolton Frankreich Irland Isle of Man Schottland Nordirland Wales Greater London Surrey Buckinghamshire Kent Essex Hertfordshire Suffolk Norfolk Lincolnshire Rutland Cambridgeshire East Sussex West Sussex Isle of Wight Hampshire Dorset Devon (England) Cornwall Bristol Somerset Wiltshire Gloucestershire Leicestershire Northamptonshire Oxfordshire Herefordshire Warwickshire Worcestershire West Midlands (Metropolitan County) Shropshire Staffordshire Nottinghamshire Derbyshire Cheshire Merseyside Greater Manchester South Yorkshire East Riding of Yorkshire West Yorkshire Lancashire North Yorkshire Cumbria Northumberland Tyne and Wear County Durham (Unitary Authority) Darlington Borough of Stockton-on-Tees Middlesbrough Redcar and Cleveland Hartlepool Blackburn with Darwen City of York Kingston upon Hull North East Lincolnshire Borough of Halton Borough of Warrington Cheshire West and Chester Stoke-on-Trent Telford and Wrekin Derby (Derbyshire) Nottingham Leicester City of Peterborough Borough of Swindon Southend-on-Sea Borough of Medway Thurrock Bedfordshire Borough of Milton Keynes Luton Central Bedfordshire North Somerset South Gloucestershire Bath and North East Somerset Plymouth Torbay Scilly-Inseln Poole Bournemouth Southampton Portsmouth Brighton and Hove Reading West Berkshire Wokingham Bracknell Forest Slough Windsor and Maidenheadmap
About this picture
Country United Kingdom
Part of the country England
region East of England
status Ceremonial and Administrative County
First mention 1040s
Ceremonial county
Administrative county
Administrative authority Norfolk County Council
Administrative headquarters Norwich
ISO-3166-2 GB-NFK
surface 5,372 km²
Residents 903.680
was standing June 30, 2018
ONS code 33
GSS code E10000020
NUTS code UKH13
Website www.norfolk.gov.uk
! Districts /! Unitary Authorities
NorfolkNumbered.png
  1. Norwich
  2. South Norfolk
  3. Great Yarmouth
  4. Broadland
  5. North Norfolk
  6. King's Lynn and West Norfolk
  7. Breckland

Norfolk [ ˈnɔːfək ] is a county in Great Britain in East Anglia in the east of England . Norfolk is bordered by the counties of Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire to the west and south-west and Suffolk to the south. The area is bounded by the North Sea to the north and east . There is also an area of ​​salt marshes between the counties of Norfolk and Lincolnshire called The Wash . The fishing rods , after which East Anglia and England themselves were named, settled here since the fifth century AD and later became the north folk (the "northern people") and the south folk (the "southern people"). This resulted in "Norfolk" and "Suffolk".

The capital and administrative center is Norwich . Other major cities are King's Lynn and Great Yarmouth . Norfolk is also known as the home of the Formula 1 team Lotus ( Hethel ).

history

In pre-Roman times the higher part of today's Norfolk was particularly populated. There are large deposits of flint there. The oldest artifacts are over 600,000 years old; Mining has been documented for over 4000 years. In the Bronze Age the region was a center of metal processing. Even in Celtic times, today's Norwich was an important place. After the Roman conquest, the Celtic Iceni revolted against the occupiers in AD 47 and 60/61. As in Suffolk , the coast was protected by a chain of Roman forts (e.g. Burgh Castle and Caister Castle in the Waveney Valley ) who were conquered by Saxons, Picts and Scots in 367. In the 5th century, the Angles invaded and settled along the rivers and established the Kingdom of East Anglia , which also included Suffolk and neighboring lands. Viking raids began in the 9th century and destroyed Norwich and Thetford in 1004 . It was also they who settled the fertile marshland areas more densely and founded settlements with place names in -by such as Billockby or Scratby; however, the coast remained threatened by invasions from the sea. After the Norman Conquest, moths were erected on the walls of the ancient Roman fort or Iron Age ramparts (as in the case of Thetford Castle ) .

Burgh Castle ruins
Hickling Broad moorland : Excessive peat extraction in the Middle Ages led to water ingress
Kett's oak in Hethersett : Robert Kett is said to have declared the uprising under this tree in 1549.

In the Middle Ages, wool processing developed, which led to great prosperity and the establishment of numerous churches through the export of the wool of the Norfolk Horn sheep to the continent, until the plague partially depopulated the region in 1349 . In 1549 Robert Kett led a peasant revolt against the conversion of the commons into state or private property and the eviction of small tenants and conquered Norwich, then the second largest city in England. In 1579 and 1665 Norfolk was hit again by plague epidemics. As a result, the region remained sparsely populated and dominated by agriculture. During the storm surge in 1953, the coast crashed. A part of the coastline will have to be abandoned in the future due to the rise in sea levels, despite intensified coastal protection. The Bacton Gas Terminal at North Walsham is also threatened by coastal erosion .

towns and places

Attractions

In addition, several hiking trails run through the area.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the county

literature

  • Tom Williamson: The Origins of Norfolk. Manchester University Press, 1993, ISBN 0-7190-3928-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mid 2018 Estimates of the population for the UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
  2. ↑ Patrick Barkham: Norfolk slows down coastal erosion with sandscaping scheme. In: The Guardian, September 20, 2019.

Coordinates: 52 ° 41 ′  N , 0 ° 55 ′  E