Bartolomé Miter
Bartolomé Miter Martínez (born June 25, 1821 in Buenos Aires , † January 19, 1906 ibid) was the first President of the Republic of Argentina and the sixth overall; he ruled from 1862 to 1868.
Life
When Miter was young, his views and writings earned him the enmity of the Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas . He then went into exile in Chile , Bolivia and Peru . In 1852 he returned to Argentina and participated in the successful uprising against Rosas, which was led by General Justo José de Urquiza . In 1853 he was appointed Minister of War of the Province of Buenos Aires , which had renounced Argentina, and from then on tried to bring down Urquiza's plan to unite the province with the Argentine Confederation. In 1859 his troops were defeated by those of Urquizas and Buenos Aires was admitted to the Confederation. Miter became governor of the province of Buenos Aires in 1860 and defeated Urquiza in the Battle of Pavón in 1861 .
The next year he was elected President of the Republic. He pursued an active foreign policy and in the Uruguayan civil war that broke out in 1863 he supported the leader of the Colorados party, Venancio Flores, against the Blancos, backed by the Paraguayan dictator Francisco Solano López . Also Brazil was on the side of Flores. In 1864, López declared war on Brazil and asked Argentina to have the right to march through to attack the Brazilian troops in Uruguay. When Miter refused, López also declared war on Argentina. Then Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay joined together to form the Triple Alliance against Paraguay, after which the war is called the Triple Alliance War . The alliance treaty was signed in Buenos Aires on May 1, 1865, and Miter played a key role in this alliance policy. The war ended in a complete victory for the Triple Alliance. It reached " genocidal proportions" in Paraguay , since Paraguay only had about 210,000 inhabitants in 1870 compared to the 500,000 inhabitants five years earlier.
Mitre's term of office ended in 1868. In 1870 he founded one of the most important Argentine daily newspapers to this day, " La Nación ".
A picture of Bartolomé Miter is featured on the Argentine 2 peso note today. His former home in Buenos Aires has been converted into a museum .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Riekenberg : Small history of Argentina . CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-406-58516-6 , p. 97.
- ^ David Rock: Argentina, 1516-1987. From Spanish colonization to the Falklands war and Alfonsin . University of California Press, Berkeley 1987, ISBN 1-85043-086-1 , pp. 128f.
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Juan Esteban Pedernera |
President of Argentina 1862 - 1868 |
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Miter, Bartolome |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Miter Martínez, Bartolomé (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Argentine statesman, military leader and newspaper editor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 25, 1821 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Buenos Aires |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 19, 1906 |
| Place of death | Buenos Aires |