Ministry of Defense

The Ministry of Defense ( Defense Secretariat and others in some states ) is the highest administrative authority (a ministry / department) for the armed forces of a state and all military affairs . The head is generally the defense minister , sometimes also called differently.

Formerly known mainly as the War Ministry , these ministries were initially mostly an Army Ministry (Army Ministry) of the land forces, otherwise these ministries were also more comprehensively called military ministries . Special forms are the Navy Ministry and the Air Defense Ministry especially for these troops. In addition, there are other military ministries, such as the armaments ministry as a special form of the economy ministry , or the veterans ministry for social affairs . Internal security (including all emergency services), on the other hand, is the typical portfolio of an interior ministry or - together with defense - a security ministry .

To the department

The supreme general has always been the respective ruler , or a member of the ruling house, many early high cultures also knew the concept of a war king whose office was suspended in times of peace. The command hierarchy of the troop contingents was structured in the course of feudalism with the power and political functions. Senior ministerials / officials can be found in East Asia from 6/7. Century, and Europe from the early modern period , otherwise the highest civil servant was usually a military commander ( field marshal , in the sense of today's chief of staff ).

Since 17./18. Century, with the formation of the modern state, was in many countries for the land forces competent authority War Department called, that was an Army / Army Ministry - the naval forces ( Navy , Marines and others) often were under a separate Marine Minister. From the end of the 19th century, positions for the air force ( air fleet , air defense , air surveillance , and related) were added.

In the Reich Ministry (Government) of the Provisional Central Authority in 1848/1849 there was a Reich Minister of War. However, this succeeded only to a limited extent in subordinating the troops of the individual states to his command.

The name national defense can be found in German as early as 1867 at the Imperial and Royal Ministry for National Defense . After the Second World War , war was no longer legitimized as a political tool: the United Nations Charter only permitted the use of armed forces for defense. Accordingly, the name has gradually been changed to Ministry of Defense in most countries . Since the end of the Cold War , the defense aspect has increasingly receded into the background, and the trend is in the direction of a reaction force also abroad (as operated as UN missions as early as 1945), so that the defense ministries of smaller states in addition to bi- and In multilateral alliance politics , exercise extraterritorial and geopolitical agendas again .

From a military point of view, a war ministry directed either the entire military system including the command of command (as in France at the time ) or only the administration (as in Prussia ). The power of command over the armed forces today generally rests with the head of state or government . A special case is Germany, for example, where the Minister of Defense is the Commander-in-Chief in peace and also in the event of tension, and the Head of Government (Federal Chancellor) only steps in in the event of a defense . In the People's Republic of China, the ministry is purely a political liaison office without any authority. In Australia, the Department of Defense is part of a larger overall military organization. In addition to the troops, the defense ministries usually also report to the military diplomatic service ( military attachés ) and the military secret services .

At the head of the war ministries was usually a high officer , today civilians are deployed in most states . A military leadership role is still a classic male domain, only regents such as Maria Theresa of Austria or Victoria of Great Britain and Ireland were nominal commanders in chief as well as the highest political authority in matters of war. Otherwise there are only a few dozen women ministers in the long history, for the first time in Sri Lanka and India in the 1960s / 70s, mostly in the last 15 years, including some with military rank. At the turn of 2013/14 there were 15 women defense ministers in office worldwide, at least just under 10%.

In almost every country in the world, the Ministry of Defense is a purely military authority, with the exception of Bolivia, Austria and Switzerland, where the Ministry is also responsible for civil affairs (Bolivia and Switzerland: disaster control , for several years Austria and Switzerland: sport ). In some smaller states, the defense department is subordinate to a joint ministry that is also responsible for internal security (police, border guards, judicial guards, civil defense, etc.).

list

List of current ministries of defense

short : Abbreviation (international English MoD, Ministry of Defense is common throughout)

since: Authority exists since / founded: independent portfolio created

Head: Title of the office, possibly a link to a list (column sorted by office and department name)

Status: 1/2014

country	authority	short	since	Remarks	ladder
Albania	Ministria e Mbrojtjes	MM	?		Ministër e Mbrojtjes
Antigua and Barbuda	Ministry of National Security and Labor	?	?	Portfolios: national security ( internal and external) and labor	Minister of National Security
Argentina	Ministerio de Defensa	MINDEF	1958		Ministro de Defensa
Armenia	Պաշտպանության նախարարությունը Paschtpanutjan nachararutjunj ( Ministry of Defense )	[ՀՀ] ՊՆ / [ARM] MOD	1992		պաշտպանության նախարար Pashtpanutyan nacharar
Azerbaijan	Müdafiə Nazirliyi	?	1991		Müdafiə naziri
Australia	Department of Defense	DOD	1901	is civil division of the Australian Defense Organization (ADO)	Minister for Defense (MoD) ; Secretary of the Department of Defense (SECDEF) ; Assistant Minister for Defense
Bahamas	Ministry of National Security	?	?	Portfolio: national security ( internal and external)	Minister of National Security , Minister of State in the Ministry of National Security
Belgium	Ministerie van Landsverdediging / Ministère de la Défense ( Belgian Defensie / Défense Belge )	-	1920 (2002)		Minister van Landsverdediging / Ministre de la Défense
Belize	Ministry of National Security	?	?	Portfolio: national security ( internal and external)	Minister of National Security
Bolivia	Ministerio de Defensa	MINDEF (?)	?	with Viceministerio de Defensa Civil ( civil defense )	Ministro de Defensa
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Министарство одбране Ministarstvo odbrane / Ministry of Defense	МО [БиХ] MO [BiH]	1996	?
Brazil	Ministerio da Defesa	MD	1999		Ministro da Defesa
Bulgaria	Министерство на отбраната Ministerstvo na otbranata	?	1990		министър на отбраната Ministar na otbranata
Chile	Ministerio de Defensa Nacional	?	1932		Ministro de Defensa Nacional
People's Republic of China	国防部 Guófángbù ( Ministry of National Defense )	MOD	1954	no command authority	国防部 部长 / Guófángbù Bùzhǎng
Denmark	Forsvarsministeriet	FMN	1905		Forsvarsminister
Germany	Federal Ministry of Defense (Federal Ministry of Defense )	BMVg	1955		Federal Minister of Defense
Ecuador	Ministerio de Defensa Nacional	-	1935	is the Ministerio Coordinador de Seguridad care	Ministro de Defensa Nacional
Estonia	Kaiteministeerium	KMIN	1991/92		Kaiteminister
Finland	Puolustusministeriö ( Minister of Defense )	PLM / DefMin	1922		Puolustusministeri
France	Ministère de la Defense	-	2012		Ministre de la Defense
Greece	Υπουργείο Εθνικής Άμυνας Ipurgeio Ethnikis Aminas / Ministry of Defense	ΥΠ.ΕΘ.Α. IPETHA / MOD	1974		Υπουργός Εθνικής Άμυνας Ipurgos Ethnikis Aminas
Guatemala	Ministerio de la Defensa Nacional	MINDEF	1945		Ministro de la Defensa Nacional
Haiti	Ministère de la Defense	MD	2011		Ministre de la Defense
India	रक्षा मंत्रालय Raksha Mantralay / Ministry of Defense	MOD	1947		रक्षा मंत्री Raksha Mantri / Minister of Defense ; रक्षा राज्य मंत्री Raksha Rajya Mantri / Minister of State for Defense ;
Iraq	وزارة الدفاع Wizārad al-Difa ' ( Ministry of Defense )	MOD	2004		وزير الدفاع Wazir al-Difa '
Iran	وزارتخانه دفاع و پشتیبانی نیروهای مسلح جمهوری اسلامی ایران / Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics	MODAFL	1989	Portfolios: Defense and Military Logistics	وزیران دفاع Vazir-e Difa '
Ireland	Department of Defense / To Roinn Cosanta	?	1919	currently under the Minister for Justice, Equality & Defense	Minister for Defense / An tAire Cosanta ; Minister of State at the Department of Defense
Israel	מִשְׂרַד הַבִּטָּחוֹן Misrad HaBitachon ( Ministry of Defense )	משהב"ט MISHAB / MOD	1948		שר הביטחון Shar HaBitachon
Italy	Ministero della Difesa	-	1947		Ministro della Difesa
Jamaica	-	?	2012?	Agenda at the Defense Board and Ministry of National Security	Minister of Defense (currently in the person of the Prime Minister )
Japan	防衛 省 Bōei-chō ( Ministry of Defense )	MOD	2007		防衛 大臣 Bōei-daijin
Cambodia	ក្រសួងការពារជាតិ ( Ministry of National Defense )	?	1970		រដ្ឋ ម ន្រ្តី ក្រសួងការពារជាតិ
Canada	Department of National Defense / Ministère de la Défense nationale	DND / MDN	1922/23		Minister of National Defense / Ministre de la Défense nationale
Kazakhstan	қорғаныс министрлігі Qorğanıs Mïnïstrligi / Министерство обороны Ministerstwo Obrony / Ministry of Defense	MOD	1992		қорғаныс министр Qorğanıs Mïnïstr / министр обороны Minister Obrony
Colombia	Ministerio de Defensa Nacional	MINDEF (?)	1965		Ministro de Defensa Nacional
South Korea	국방부 Gukbang-bu ( Ministry of National Defense )	MND	1948		국방부 장관 Gukbangbu Janggwan
Croatia	Ministarstvo obrane	MO [RH]	1990		Ministar obrane
Latvia	Aizsardzības ministrija	AM / MOD	1991		Aizsardzības ministr
Lithuania	Lietuvos Respublikos krašto apsaugos ministerija	LR CAME	1991		Krašto apsaugos ministras
Mali	Ministère de la Defense et des Anciens Combattants	?	?	Portfolios: Defense and Veterans ; Restructuring	Ministre de la Defense et des Anciens Combattants
Malta	Ministry for Home Affairs and National Security	MHAS	?	Portfolios: Home Affairs and National Security (including Defense)	Minister for National Security
Mexico	Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional	SEDENA	1937		Secretarío de la Defensa Nacional
Montenegro	Министарство одбране Ministarstvo odbrane / Ministry of Defense	МО [ЦГ] MO [CG] / MOD	2012		Министар одбране Ministar odbrane
Namibia	Ministry of Defense	MOD	?		Minister of Defense
New Zealand	Ministry of Defense ( Manatu Aorere )	MOD [NZ]	1884		Minister of Defense ; Secretary of Defense (Sec Def )
Netherlands	Ministerie van Defensie	-	1956		Minister van Defensie
North Macedonia	Министерство за Одбран Ministerstvo za Odbran / Ministria e Mbrojtjes / Ministry of Defense	МО [РМ] MO [RM] / MM	1991		Министер за Одбран Minister za Odbran / Ministër e Mbrojtjes
Norway	Forsvarsdepartementet	FD	1885		Sjef for Forsvarsdepartementet (Forsvarssjef, Forsvarsminister)
Austria	Federal Ministry for National Defense	BMLV	2018		Federal Minister for National Defense (Defense Minister)
East Timor	Ministry of Defense of East Timor (Ministériu Defeza; Ministério da Defesa)	MD	1975/2005	temporarily united with the internal security department	Minister of Defense (Minister of Defense)
Pakistan	وزارت دفاع Vezārat-e Difa ' / Ministry of Defense	MOD	1947	also a Ministry for Defense Production  (MODP, armaments )	وزیر دفاع Vazir-e Difa ' / Federal Minister of Defense
Peru	Ministerio de Defensa	MINDEF	1987	Viceministerios de Asuntos Administrativos y Económicos ( Administration and Economy ) and de Asuntos Logísticos y de Personal ( Logistics and Personnel )	Ministro de Defensa
Philippines	Department of National Defense / Kágawaran ng Tanggulang Pambansà	DND / KTP	1939		Secretary of National Defense
Poland	Ministerial Obrony Narodowej	MON	1990		Minister obrony narodowej
Portugal	Ministério da Defesa Nacional	MDN	1974		Ministro da Defesa Nacional
Romania	Ministerul Apărării Naţionale	MApN	1972		Minister Apărării Naţionale
Russia	Министерство обороны Российской Федерации Ministerstwo Obrony	Минобороны Minobrony	1992		министр обороны Minister Obrony
Saudi Arabia	وزارة الدفاعWizārad al-Difa ' ( Ministry of Defense )	MOD	2011		وزير الدفاع Wazir al-Difa '
Sweden	Försvarsdepartementet	FöD	1920		Head of Försvarsdepartementet (Försvarsminister)
Switzerland	Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection and Sport / Département fédéral de la défense, de la protection de la population et des sports / Dipartimento federale della difesa, della protezione della popolazione e dello sport	VBS / DDPS	1998	Portfolios: defense, Civil Protection and Sports	Head of Defense Department (Head, Chef du département , Capo del dipartimento )
Serbia	Министарство одбране Ministarstvo odbrane / Ministry of Defense	МО [РС] / MOD	2006		Министар одбране Ministar odbrane
Singapore	Ministry of Defense / Kementerian Pertahanan / 国防部 Guófáng Bù / தற்காப்பு அமைச்சு Taṟkāppu amaiccu	MINDEF	1970		Minister of Defense / Menteri Pertahanan / 國防部 部長 Guófángbù Bùzhǎng / பாதுகாப்பு அமைச்சர் Pātukāppu amaiccar
Slovakia	Ministerstvo obrany / Ministry of Defense	MO [SR]	1993		Ministr obrany
Slovenia	Ministrstvo za obrambo / Ministry of Defense	MO [RS]	1992		Minister za obrambo
Somalia	Wasaaradda Gaashaandhiga / Ministry of Defense /وزارة الدفاع Wizārad al-Difa '	MOD	2012		Wasiirka Gaashaandhiga / Minister of Defense /وزير الدفاع Wazir al-Difa '
Spain	Ministerio de Defensa	-	1977		Ministro de Defensa ;
Sri Lanka	රාජ්‍ය ආරක්ෂක හා නාගරික සංවර්ධන අමාත්‍යාංශය / பாதுகாப்பு மற்றும் நக அபிவிருத்தி அமைச்சு Pātukāpu maṟum nakara apiviruti amaicu / Ministry of Defense and Urban Development	MODUD	2011	Portfolios: Defense and Urban Development	Minister of Defense
South Africa	Department of Defense	DOD	1994	Portefeuilles: Defense and Veterans Affairs	Minister of Defense Military Veterans
South Sudan	Ministry of Defense and Veterans Affairs	?	2011	Portefeuilles: Defense and Veterans Affairs	Minister of Defense
Thailand	กระทรวง กลาโหม Krasuang Kalahom / Ministry of Defense	MoD	1887		รัฐมนตรี ว่า การ กระทรวง กลาโหม Ratthamontri Wakan Krasuang Kalahom
Trinidad and Tobago	Ministry of National Security	?	?	Portfolio: national security ( internal and external)	Minister of National Security : Minister of State
Czech Republic	Ministerstvo obrany / Ministry of Defense	MO [ČR]	1992		Ministr obrany
Turkey	Millî Savunma Bakanlığı (National Ministry of Defense)	MSB	1970		Millî Savunma Bakanar
Hungary	Honvédelmi Minisztérium	HM	1989		Honvédelmi miniszter
United States	Department of Defense (The Pentagon)	DoD [USDOD]	1947		Secretary of Defense (SecDef)
United Kingdom	Ministry of Defense	MOD	1964		Minister of Defense ; Secretary of State for War , First Lord of the Admiralty , Secretary of State for Air
Cyprus	Υπουργείο Άμυνας Ipourgeío Áminas / Ministry of Defense	ΥΠΑΜ IPAM / MOD	1960		Υπουργός Άμυνας Ipourgós Áminas / Minister of Defense

Other settlements of the department

•  Andorra : Competence in the case of defense with the Govern (government); Support from France and Spain , represented in the Copríncep laic (French President as joint head of state) and the Copríncep episcopal (Bishop of Urgell as head of state and highest diplomat in Spain); small militia army ( Sometent )  
•  Barbados : Defense Force reports to the Prime Minister's Office ; Defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS).
•  Costa Rica : in case of defense, to the Consejo de Gobierno (government); Supreme command of the Fuerza Pública (police, can be used for defense) with the Presidente (head of government) or the minister appointed for this purpose
•  Dominica : No standing army since 1981 (attempted military coup). Defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS). Police Force (serves as the militaryin the event of avoltage) is normally subordinate to the Minister of National Security , in the event of an emergency to the President and the Prime Minister
•  Grenada : No standing army since 1983 (US invasion) . Defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS). Royal Police Force (serves as the militaryin the event of avoltage) is normally subordinate to the Prime Minister's Office (the Minister of National Security reports to this; currently in one person at all), in the event of an emergency the Governor General and the Premier.
•  Guyana : Defense Force reports to the Office of the President
•  St. Kitts and Nevis : Royal Defense Force  (SKNDF) reports to the Office of the Prime Minister of Defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS).
•  St. Lucia : No standing army since the state was founded in 1979, defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS). The Royal Police Force (serves as the militaryin the event of avoltage) is normally subordinate to the Minister for National Security , in the event of an emergency it is subordinate to the Governor General and the Premier.
•  St. Vincent and the Grenadines : No standing army since the state was founded in 1979, defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS). The Royal Police Force (serves as the militaryin the event of avoltage) is normally subordinate to the Minister for National Security (currently the Prime Minister in person),and tothe Governor-General and the Prime Minister in an emergency.
•  Vatican City / Holy See  (and Papal States ): neutral, national defense according to bilateral agreement by Italy ; Responsibility for the Secretariatus status of the Curia ; no force  

See also : List of states without a military

Such as:

•  European Union : In the EU, the European Defense Agency (EVA, European Defense Agency, EDA ), founded in 2004, coordinates the joint armaments activities of the member states; no military command as there is no common European army • Head: High Representative of the EU for Foreign and Security Policy  (HV)

Historical authorities

Defense, army and war ministries, other military ministries and other offices by country (predecessor states, territories and the like in today's states):

•  Albania : 1912–? Ministria e Luftës (Ministry of War); in the middle of the 20th century Ministria i Mbrojtjes Popullore (for people's defense)
•  Australia : 1915 Department of Navy ( Navy ); 1939 Department of Army and Department of Air ( air defense ), each with ministerial posts; 1973 subordinated to the DoD; 1917–1923 and since 1929 Minister for Veterans' Affairs and 1987–2013 Minister for Defense Science and Personnel ( military technology and personnel matters )
•  Belgium : 1830/31 Ministerie van Oorlog / Ministère de la Guerre
•  Belize : former Minister of Defense and Immigration (defense and immigration )
•  Bolivia : 1963 Ministerio de Defensa , 2009 Ministerio de Defensa Legal del Estado ; Name around 2013 also Ministerio de Defensa Nacional
•  Bulgaria : Fst . : 1879 Военни министър Voenni Ministar (Minister of Military); Bulgaria : 1912 Министерство на войната Ministerstvo na voinata (Ministry of War); Bulgaria : 1947 Министерство на народната отбрана Ministerstvo na narodnata otbrana (Ministry of National Defense)     
•  Chile : 1811-12, 1814: Secretaria de Guerra ; 1817 Ministerio de Guerra ; 1818 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina (War and Navy ); 1924 Ministerio de Guerra and Ministerio de Marina ; Ministerio de Defensa Nacional briefly united in 1927, then both restored; In 1932 brieflyincorporated intothe Ministerio del Interior ( Ministry of the Interior ) togetherwith the Subsecretaria de Aviación ( aviation ), then briefly Ministerio de Guerra y Aviación and Ministerio de Marina , then united
•  People's Republic of China / Taiwan  : Empire of China 617–1911兵部Bīngbù Ministry of War ; 1906陆军 部Lùjūn bù and海军 部Hǎijūn bù (Army and Navy ); Rep .: 1912陸軍 總長Lùjūn zǒngzhǎng (army chief); 1925軍事 委員會Jūnshì wěiyuánhuì (Military Committee); China : 1928軍政 部Jūnzhèng bù (Ministry of War; Office:軍政 部長Jūnzhèng bùzhǎng ) 1946國防部Guófáng bù (Ministry of Defense; the latter are counted among the predecessors in the ROC from 1912); People's Republic of China : 1949–54中央 人民政府 人民 革命 军事 委员会Zhōngyāng rénmín zhèngfǔ rénmín gémìng jūnshì wěiyuánhuì (Revolutionary Military Committee); Armaments 1982 on国防 科学 技术 工业 委员会Guófáng kēxué jìshù gōngyè wěiyuánhuì / Commission for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (COSTIND) ; since 2008 at国家 国防 科技 工业 局Guójiā guófáng kējì gōngyè jú / State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (SASTIND , a department of the工业 和 信息 化 部Gōngyè Hé Xìnxīhuàbù / Ministry of Industry and Information Technology , MIIT )        
  •  Hong Kong : (British Crown Colony) : Defense Branch of the Government of Hong Kong (Office: Secretary for Defense ); 1973 Security Branch ; (Chinese special administration) : 1997 保安局Bǎo'ān jú / Boungonguk / Security Bureau (Office: 保安局 局長Bǎo'ān jú júzhǎng / Secretary for Security ); continues to exist from 2002 and reports to 政務 政務 Zhèngwù sīsīzhǎng / Chief Secretary for Administration / Chief Secretary of Hong Kong  
•  Denmark : 1660 Krigskollegium , then Krigskancelliet , 1679 Generalitets- og Kommisariatskollegiet , 1848 Krigsministeriet ; 1655 Admiralitetet , 1848 Marineministeriet ( Admiralty / Navy ); In 1905 both merged to form the Forsvarsministeriet , finally in 1950
•  Germany : Prussia / Empire : 1808 Ministry of War • Head: Minister of War ; // German Reich : 1919 Reichswehr Ministry ; 1935 Reich Ministry of War ; 1938 subordinated to the High Command of the Wehrmacht  (OKW) • Head: 1919–1938 Reichswehr / Reich Minister of War ; next to it in 1940 Reich Ministry for Armaments and Ammunition , from 1943 for Armaments and War Production (Ministry Speer ); both dissolved in 1945 without replacement; Federal Republic of Germany : 1950 Commissioner of the Federal Chancellor for questions related to the increase of the Allied troops ; 1955–1961 Federal Ministry of Defense ; 1964–1966 Federal Minister for Affairs of the Federal Defense Council    
  •  German Democratic Republic : 1956 Ministry for National Defense  (MfNV); 1990 briefly Ministry for Disarmament and Defense  (MfAuV), then incorporated into the Federal Ministry of Defense
  •  Bavaria: Kgr . : 1808 Ministry for Warfare ; 1817 Ministry of State of the Army ; 1822 Army Ministry ; 1826 Ministry of War ; 1918 Ministry of Military Affairs ; Disbanded in 1819 • Head: War / Army / Military Minister
  •  Hannover: Kurhannover / Kgr . : 1714 at the German Chancellery in London; 1816 war chancellery ; 1831/32 War Ministry ; Disbanded in 1866 • Head: Minister of War 
  •  Hessen: Gfst. : 1821 Ministry of War ; Disbanded in 1871 • Head: Minister of War
  •  Saxony: Kgr . : 1831 War Ministry ; 1818 Ministry of Military Affairs ; Dissolved in 1819 • Head: Minister of War , then Minister of Military Affairs
  •  Württemberg: Kgr .: 1806 Department of Warfare / War Council ; 1806 Ministry of War ; Disbanded in 1819 • Head: President , then Minister of War
•  Ecuador : 1830 Jefatura de Guerra y Marina (War and Navy Office ); 1843 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina ; // 1930 Ministerio de Guerra, Marina y Aviación (with aviation )
•  Estonia : 1918 Sõjaministeerium (Ministry of War); 1929 Kaiteministeerium ; 1937–1940 Sõjaministeerium , then dissolved
•  Finland : 1918 initially Sota-asiaintoimituskunta (official title Sota-asiain toimituskunnan päällikkö , Head of War Affairs ), then Sotaministeriö (Ministry of War); 1922 Puolustusministeriö
•  France : Kgr . : 1547 Secrétariat d'État de la Marine ; ( War and merchant navy ); not until 1589 Secrétariat d'État de la Guerre ; Rep./Kaiserr. : 1790/91 Ministère de la Guerre and de la Marine et des Colonies ( colonies ); 1848 briefly Ministère de la Guerre et de la Marine ; 1928 Ministère de l'Air ( Aviation ); 1932 briefly Ministère de la Défense nationale , then back to the previous name; 1934 briefly Ministère de la Défense nationale et de la Guerre , then previous name; 1936 again Défense nationale et de la Guerre ; Vichy France : in 1940 briefly Ministre de la Defense nationale and Ministre de la Guerre , then a Secrétaire d'État à la Guerre ; 1941 Défense nationale ; 1943 de la Guerre ; 1945 Ministère des Armées ; from 1940 also Forces françaises libres (1941–44 official title Commissaire ); Republic : 1946 Défense nationale , then again de l'Armée ; In 1947 briefly Ministère de la Guerre, Ministère de la Force aérienne (aviation), thenfinally mergedwith the Ministère de la Marine (Navy): Ministère de la Défense nationale ; 1953 Ministère de la Defense National et des Forces armées ; 1955 briefly Ministère de la Défense nationale and Ministère des Forces armées , then again Défense nationale et des Forces armées ; 1956 Défense nationale ; 1957 Défense nationale et des Forces armées ; 1958 a Ministère des Forces armées , then again Défense nationale , then des Armées ; 1969 National Defense ; 1973 des Armées ; 1974 Ministère de la Defense ; 2010–2012 Ministère de la Défense et des Anciens Combattants (with a Ministry of Veterans )     
•  Guatemala : 1871–1945 Secretaría de la Guerra
•  Haiti : 1st Emperor: 1804 Ministère de la Guerre et de la Marine , dissolved in 1806; 2. Kaiserr./Rep .: restored in 1843; Disbanded in 1916 (US invasion); 1941 Ministère de la Defense National ; Abolished in 1996 (dissolution of the Forces Armées d'Haïti ); Rebuilt in 2011 (after the great earthquake in 2010 )
•  India : British East India Company : 1776 Military Department of the Supreme Government of the British East India Company ; 1833 Secretariat of the Government of the East India Company ; British India : 1906 Army Department, Military Supply Department ( procurement ), the latter abolished in 1909; 1938 Defense Department ; : 1947 Ministry of Defense  
•  Iraq : Kgr. / Rep .: From 1920  وزارة الدفاعWizārad al-Difa ' ; 2004 interim at the Coalition Provisional Authority Office of Security Affairs  (CPA) ; officially back in operation from 2009
•  Ireland : 1919 initially as Minister for National Defense ; 1919–22 as Secretary of State for Defense ; 1924–1954 also Commander-in-Chief as Chairman of the Council of Defense ; 1993-97 as Ministry for Defense and the Marine (Defense and Marine )
•  Italy : Sardinia-Piedmont : 17th century State Secretary for War in the General State Secretariat , 1697 separate office of the State Secretary for War, 1717 own State Secretariat Segreteria di Stato e di Guerra ; 1815 Segreteria di Guerra e di Marina , renamed Ministero di Guerra e di Marina (War and Navy) in1848; In 1850 and 1853 the Ministry of the Navy was spun off, Ministero della Guerra also remained ; Kgr. Italy : In 1861 the Ministry of War in Turin was responsible for the territorially expanded state, 1865 moved to Florence , 1870 to Rome ; 1925 Ministero dell'aeronautica (Aviation) separated from the War Ministry; Social republic : 1943 to 1945 Ministero della Difesa Nazionale ; Rep. Italy : In 1947, ministries for war, navy and aviation merged into the Ministero della Difesa (defense)    
•  Japan : from 6./7. Century ( Asuka )兵部 省 Hyōbu-shō , official title:兵部 卿 Hyōbu-kyō ( 'Lord' ); Empire : 1872陸軍 省Rikugun-shō (Ministry of the Army, official title:陸軍 大臣Rikugun daijin ) and海軍 省Kaigun-shō ( Navy ), this still subordinated until 1885; both abolished in 1945; Rep .: 1947防衛 施 設 庁( Defense Facilities Administration Agency ) ; 1952し て 保安 庁 ( National Safety Agency ); 1954保安 庁Hoan-chō ( Japan Defense Agency , JDA , defense agency ); 1954–2007防衛 庁Bōei-chō (Defense Agency), official title国務 大臣 保安 庁 長官Kokumu-daijin hoanchō-chōkan , from 1954国務 大臣 防衛 庁 長官Kokumu-daijin bōeichō-chōkan   
•  Yugoslavia : Kgr . : 1918 Министарство војске Ministerstvo vojske (army); 1919 Министарство војске и морнарице Ministerstvo vojske i mornarice (Army and Navy ); 1941–1945 in exile Министар војске, морнарице и ваздухопловства Ministar vojske, mornarice i vazduhoplovstva (army, navy and aviation ); Soc. Föd. Rep./Föd. People's Rep. : 1943 Повереник за народну одбрану Poverenik za narodnu odbranu (Commissioner for National / People's Defense); 1945 Министар народне одбране ministar narodne odbrane ; 1953 Савезни секретаријат за народну одбрану Savezni sekretarjat za narodnu odbranu (State Secretariat); Federal Rep. (Serbia-Montenegro) : 1992–2006 Министарство одбране Ministerstvo odbrane (legal successor to Serbia) • Head: corresponding to Ministar / Poverenik / Savezni sekretar vojske / narodne odbrane / odbrane     
•  Canada : Dominion : around 1855 Minister of Militia / Ministre de la Milice (responsible for the Canadian Militia / Milice canadienne volunteer troops ); 1906 (withdrawal of the British associations) Department of Militia and Defense / Ministre de la Milice et de la Défense ; 1921/22 Department of Militia and Defense and the Naval Service / Ministre de la Milice et de la Défense et du Service naval with Naval Services ( Kriegsmarine , previously since 1911 Ministerial Office in the Department of Marine and Fisheries and the Naval Service / Ministère de la Marine et des Pêches et du Service naval ); 1923 also the Minister of Aviation ( Luftfahrt , since 1914)incorporated intothe Air Board 
•  Colombia : Greater Colombia 1821 Secretaría de Guerra, Secretaría de Marina (War, Navy ); Greater Colombia / New Granada from 1828 Secretaría de Guerra y Marina ; 1886–1965 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina ; civil minister since 1991   
•  Latvia : SSR 1918 Apsardzības ministrija (defense); 1922 Kara ministriju (Ministry of War); Abandoned in 1948; Rep .: Rebuilt in 1991  
•  Lithuania : 1990–91 Krašto apsaugos departamentas (Department of National Defense)
•  Mexico : 1821 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina (War and Navy ); 1884 Secretaría de Guerra y Marina (War and Navy Secretariat)
•  Montenegro : Fst. / Kgr .: 1879 Министарство војни Ministarstvo vojni ; then Yugoslavia :incorporated into Министарство војске Ministerstvo vojske ; rebuilt after its disintegration in 2006    
•  New Zealand : 1863 Minister for Colonial Defense ; 1872–1884 with the Native Minister (partly as Minister of Native Affairs and Defense ) ; In WW2 a War Cabinet together with Minister of National Service (conscription), Minister of Supply and Munitions ( armaments ), Minister in Charge of War Expenditure (war finances ), Minister of Armed Forces and War Co-ordination
•  Netherlands : Batavian Republic : 1798 Uitvoerend Bewind van Oorlog and van Marine (executive director for warfare / the navy ); 1801 Staatsbewind van Oorlog, van Marine (State Director); : 1813 Ministerie van Oorlog (Ministry of War), Ministerie van Marine , 1928 joint Ministerie van Defensie ; 1941 Ministerie van Oorlog, Ministerie van Marine (split, mostly joint office holder); from 1956 title Minister voor Defensie 
•  Norway :: 1814 6th department (also Military department, Departementet for krigsadministrasjonen , on defense, fire and pilotage); 1815 Departement for landforsvaret ( Armédepartementet , national defense) and 7th department ( Navy ); : 1885 amalgamation
•  Austria : from Maria Theresa agendas at the house, court and state chancellery ; Austria : 1804 Minister for the entire army on land and sea power (cabinet minister) in the Reichsrat ; : 1867 kk Ministry for National Defense (for Cisleithanien , title mostly Landwehr Minister ) and Reich Ministry of War , this from 1911 kuk (joint) War Ministry ; : 1918 State Office for Army Affairs , 1920 Federal Ministry for Army Affairs , 1936–38 Federal Ministry for National Defense ; 1945 Office for National Defense (section in the Federal Chancellery ); 1956 Federal Ministry for National Defense 
•  Philippines : title of Minister of War 1897–99, then abolished under the American occupation; 1939 Secretary of National Defense ; 1941 Secretary of National Defense, Public Works, Communications and Labor (with public works , communications and labor ); 1944 Secretary of National Defense and Communications ; 1946 Secretary of National Defense ; 1978 Minister of National Defense ; 1986 Secretary of National Defense again
•  Peru :1821 Ministerio de Guerra y Marina ; separated in 1920 Ministerio de Guerra, Ministerio de Marina , the latter in 1929 Ministerio de Marina y Aviación and in 1941 divided Ministerio de Marina, Ministerio de Aviación ; as well as a Secretaría de Defensa Nacional ; all united in 1987
•  Poland : Duchy of Warsaw / Congress Poland : 1807 Minister wojny (Minister of War); 2nd Rep .: 1818 Minister Spraw Wojskowych (military affairs); Government in exile from 1942: Minister Obrony Narodowej [ na uchodźstwie ] ; 1979 again Spraw Wojskowych [na uchodźstwie] ; People's Rep. : 1944 Minister Obrony Narodowej    
•  Portugal : Kgr . : 1736 Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios Estrangeiros e da Guerra (SENEG, State Secretary for Foreign Affairs and for War) and Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios da Marinha e Domínios Ultramarinos (also Secretaria de Estado da Marinha e Conquistas / Ultramar / Colónias , State Secretary for Maritime Affairs and Overseas Territories ); /: 1822 Secretaria de Estado dos Negócios da Guerra highlighted (State Secretary for War Matters), at the end of the 19th century increasingly called Ministério da Guerra  (MG) , official title Ministro e secretário ; Rep .: 1910 official title Ministro da Guerra ; 1950–74 Office of the Ministro da Defesa Nacional , but without an authority of the name: at the time Ministério do Exército  (ME) ( Ministry of the Army ); Marine affairs finally incorporated in 1982  
•  Romania : Fst. / Kgr. 1862 Ministerul de Război (Ministry of War); 1930 Ministerul Armatei ( Ministry of the Army ); 1932 Ministerul Apărării Naționale (National Defense ); 1944 Ministerul de Război ; Rep. 1947 Ministerul Apărării Naționale ; 1950 Ministerul Forțelor Armate (Armed Forces); 1972 again Apărării Naționale   
•  Russia : Tsarist Empire : 1535 Разрядный приказ documented; 1717 Военная коллегия Vojennaja Kollegija (Military College) and 1718 Адмиралтейств-коллегия Admiraltejstew-Kollegija (Admiral College ); 1802/12 Министерства военных сухопутных (Военное министерство) , Ministry of Land Forces / Army Ministry and министра морских департамент (ministerial department Marine, this 1815 министерство Морское , Navy Department ); Soviet Russia : 1917 Комитет по военным и морским делам ( Committee on Military and Navy Affairs ), then Народный комиссариат по военным денам (Народный комиссариат по военным денам денам (Нароерный комиссариат по военным денам денам (Нароервес ) for military affairs; 1923 Народный комиссариат по военным и морским делам (People's Commissariat for Military and Navy Affairs); 1934 Народный комиссариат обороны (People's Commissariat for Defense); 1953 Министерство обороны (Ministry of Defense);   
•  Saudi Arabia : 1943وزارة الدفاع والطيران( MODA , Defense and Aviation ); until 2011
•  Sweden : 1840 [Kungliga] Lantförsvarsdepartementet and Sjöförsvarsdepartementet ( naval power ), merged in 1920 • Head: 1840–1920 Lantförsvarsministrar (Krigsministrar) ; Department: Expedition Chief
•  Switzerland : 1848 military department ; 1979 Federal Military Department (EMD)
•  Serbia : Prov. Reg. 1811–1813 Попечитељ војених Popečitelj vojenih (Army Minister); Fst. / Kgr .: 1834 Попечитељ војених Popečitelj vojenih ; 1838 briefly Шеф канцеларије војених Šef kancelarije vojenih (Chief Chancellor); then Војни шеф главног војног штаба Vojni šef glavnog vojnog štaba (Chief of Staff); 1859 Начелник Главне војне Načelnik Glavne vojne ' ; 1862 Министарство војске Ministarstvo vojske ; then Yugoslavia :incorporated into Министарство војске Ministerstvo vojske ; after its collapse in 2006 in legal succession    
•  Singapore : 1965 Ministry of Interior and Defense ( interior and defense); 1970 separated into Ministry of Home Affairs and of Defense
•  Slovakia : until 1918 part of Hungary (Transleithanien); until 1992 with Czechoslovakia 
•  Slovenia : 1990–92 official title Republiški sekretar za ljudsko obrambo (Secretary for People's Defense)
•  Spain : Kgr . : 1808 Despacho de Guerra (War Chancellery, Office: Secretaría del Despacho de Guerra ) and Despacho de Marina de España ( Naval Chancellery); 1834 Ministerio de Guerra ; 1851 Ministerio de Marina de España ; / Rep .: 1936 joint Ministerio de Guerra ; 1939 separated from Ministerio del Ejército, Ministerio de Marina, Ministerio del Aire (Army, Navy, Air Defense )  
•  Sri Lanka : 1948 Ministry of External Affairs and Defense ( Foreign and Defense); 1977 රාජ්‍ය ආරක්ෂක අමාත්‍යාංශය> / பாதுகாப்பு மற்றும் அமைச்சு Pātukāpu maṟum amaicu / Ministry of Defense
•  South Africa : 1919 Ministry of Defense and Military Veterans (defense and veterans affairs ), instead the Department of Military Veterans  (DMV) , now subordinated but not named
•  Czechoslovakia : 1918 Ministerstvo národní obrany (National Ministry of Defense); is generally considered to be the forerunner in the Czech Republic, while Slovakia counts from 1993
•  Hungary : before 1848 together with Austria; from 1848 agendas of various Hungarian ministers; : 1867 (compensation) Mk Honvédelmi Minisztérium / Ku Honvedministerium
•  United States : 1789 War Department , 1798 Navy Department ( Navy ); these united in 1945; 1947 Department / Secretary of Defense (with US Air Force, secret services, etc.)
•  United Kingdom : England / United Kingdom / . United Kgr : as early as 1400 Admiral of England / Lord Admiral ; 1546 Council of the Marine ( Marinerat ), 1628 Board of Admiralty / The Admiralty ( Admiralty ); 1684 War Office ; 1912 Air Committee (1917 Air Ministry , Aviation ); 1936 Minister for Coordination of Defense ; 1940 Minister of Defense (initially the Prime Minister's office, from 1946 the Minister of the Cabinet); 1947 War Office converted to Ministry of Defense ; 1963/64 Ministry of Defense (Army), Admiralty (Navy), Air Ministry (Luftwaffe) merged (5 ministerial offices in total)   

See also

• List of armed forces

literature

• Thomas C. Bruneau, Scott D. Tollefson: Who Guards the Guardians and How: Democratic Civil-Military Relations. University of Texas Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-292-78340-9 .
• Douglas J. Murray, Paul R. Viotti: The Defense Policies of Nations: A Comparative Study. A Johns Hopkins paperback. JHU Press, 1994, ISBN 0-8018-4794-X .
• Todd Sandler: The Economics of Defense. Series Cambridge surveys of economic literature. Cambridge University Press, 1995, ISBN 0-521-44204-4 .
• Todd Sandler, Keith Hartley: Handbook of Defense Economics. Volume 2: Defense in a Globalized World. Elsevier, 2007, ISBN 978-0-444-51910-8 / ISBN 978-0-08-047829-6 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Ministry of War  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Wiktionary: Ministry of Defense  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

• NATO member countries . , Partners . NATO → Organization - two overview lists on the position of the Minister of Defense in the top political decision-making structure

The ministries:

1. ↑ Ministria e Mbrojtjes (mod.gov.al)
2. ↑ Ministerio de Defensa (mindef.gov.ar)
3. ↑ ՊԱՇՏՊԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՆԱԽԱՐԱՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ (mil.am , also English)
4. ↑ Azərbaycan Respublikası Müdafiə Nazirliyi (mod.gov.az)
5. ↑ Department of Defense (defence.gov.au)
6. ^ Ministry of National Security , on bahamas.gov.bs
7. ↑ Ministerie van Landsverdediging / Ministère de la Défense (mil.be)
8. ^ Ministry of National Security , on belize.gov.bz
9. ↑ Ministarstvo odbrane Bosne i Hercegovine (mod.gov.ba)
10. ↑ Ministério da Defesa do Brasil (defesa.gov.br)
11. ^ Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Bulgaria (mod.bg , Engl.)
12. ↑ Ministerio de Defensa Nacional de Chile (defensa.cl)
13. ^ Ministry of National Defense (mod.gov.cn , Engl.)
14. ↑ Forsvarsministeriet (fmn.dk)
15. ↑ Federal Ministry of Defense (bmvg.de)
16. ↑ Ministerio de Defensa Nacional de la República del Ecuador (defensa.gob.ec)
17. ↑ Eesti Kaitseministeerium (kmin.ee)
18. ↑ Suomen puolustusministeriö. defmin.fi
19. ↑ Ministère de la Defense Defense.gouv.fr
20. ↑ Υπουργείο Εθνικής Άμυνας (mod.mil.gr, also English)
21. ↑ Ministerio de la Defensa de la Nación (mindef.mil.gt, also website of the Fuerzas Armadas de Guatemala (armed forces))
22. ↑ Ministère Haïtien de la Defense (md.gouv.ht)
23. ^ Ministry of Defense, Government of India (mod.nic.in)
24. ↑ وزارة الدفاع العراقية mod.mil.iq, Iraqi Ministry of Defense (Arabic)
25. ↑ Department of Defense (defence.ie)
26. ↑ Israel Ministry of Defense (mod.gov.il, Engl.)
27. ^ Ministero della Difesa (difesa.it)
28. ^ Ministry of National Security (mns.gov.jm)
29. ↑ Japan Ministry of Defense  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (mod.go.jp, engl.)  
30. ↑ ក្រសួងការពារជាតិ (mod.gov.kh) ( Memento of the original from April 14, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
31. ^ The Department of National Defense and the Canadian Armed Forces / Le Ministère de la Défense nationale et les Forces armées canadiennes (forces.gc.ca)
32. ^ Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan (mod.gov.kz , Engl., Also Kazakh. And Russian)
33. ↑ Ministerio de Defensa Nacional (mindefensa.gov.co)
34. ↑ mnd.go.kr
35. ↑ Ministarstvo obrane Republike Hrvatske (morh.hr)
36. ↑ Latvijas Republikas Aizsardzības ministrija mod.gov.lv (Latvian, also English)
37. ↑ Lietuvos Respublikos krašto apsaugos ministerija (kam.lt)
38. ^ Ministry for Home Affairs and National Security. mhas.gov.mt
39. ↑ Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional (sedena.gob.mx)
40. ↑ Ministarstvo odbrane (mod.gov.me)
41. ↑ Ministry of Defense (mod.gov.na)
42. ^ New Zealand Ministry of Defense (defense.govt.nz)
43. ↑ Ministerie van Defensie. defensie.nl
44. ↑ Министерство за Одбран / Ministria e Mbrojtjes (morm.gov.mk , mazedon., Alban., Engl.)
45. ↑ Forsvarsdepartementet (regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fd)
46. ↑ Ministry of Defense (mod.gov.pk, Eng.)
47. ↑ Ministerio de Defensa del Perú (mindef.gob.pe)
48. ^ Department of National Defense (dnd.gov.ph)
49. ↑ Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej (mon.gov.pl)
50. ↑ Ministério da Defesa Nacional , on portugal.gov.pt
51. ↑ Ministerul Apărării Nationale (mapn.ro)
52. ↑ Министерство обороны Российской Федерации mil.ru
53. ↑ Försvarsdepartementet , on regeringen.se
54. ↑ DDPS Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection and Sport (vbs.admin.ch)
55. ↑ Министарство одбране Републике Србије / Ministarstvo odbrane Republike Srbije (mod.gov.rs)
56. ^ Ministry of Defense, Singapore (mindef.gov.sg)
57. ↑ Ministerstvo obrany Slovenskej republiky (mosr.sk , slovak./engl.)
58. ↑ Ministrstvo za Obrambo (mo.gov.si , sloven./engl.)
59. ↑ Somali Ministry of Defense mod.somaligov.net
60. ↑ Ministerio de Defensa defensa.gob.es
61. ^ Ministry of Defense and Urban Development (defense.lk), also defense.lk/sinhala , vidivu.lk/tamil
62. ^ Department Defense - National Defense Force dod.mil.za
63. ↑ Defense and Veterans Affairs ( Memento of the original from June 28, 2011) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on goss-online.org (Government of South Sudan) 
64. ↑ กระทรวง กลาโหม - Ministry of Defense ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. mod.go.th 
65. ^ Ministry of National Security (nationalsecurity.gov.tt)
66. ↑ Ministerstvo obrany České republiky (army.cz)
67. ↑ Millî Savunma Bakanlığı (msb.gov.tr)
68. ↑ Honvédelmi Minisztérium , on kormany.hu (government website)
69. ↑ United States Department of Defense (defense.gov)
70. ↑ Ministry of Defense mod.uk
71. ↑ Υπουργείο Άμυνας - Ministry of Defense (mod.gov.cy)
72. ↑ Govern d'Andorra (govern.ad)
73. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Regional Security System (rss.org.bb)
74. ↑ Presidencia - República de Costa Rica (presidencia.go.cr)
75. ↑ Office of the President - Republic of Guyana (op.gov.gy) ( Memento of the original dated February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
76. ↑ European Defense Agency (eda.europa.eu) ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ At that time there was also a joint war ministry in Austria-Hungary, the national defense ministry was actually only responsible for the defense of the Austrian part of the country, not for acts of war outside of it
2. ↑ István Gyarmati, Theodor Winkler: Post-Cold War Defense Reform. Potomac Books Inc., 2002, ISBN 1-61234-235-3 - specifically on Europe and NATO.
3. ↑ according to Art. 115b of the Basic Law
4. ↑ Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership: Female Ministers of Defense , guide2womenleaders.com, accessed January 29, 2014 (full list).
   Background: female defense ministers in the EU - female leaders in the defense department is nothing new . AFP, December 16, 2013, at de.nachrichten.yahoo.com.
   Bosses on the male front . Bild.de, December 16, 2013.
   Alone among men - women defense ministers . In Handelsblatt online, December 20, 2013 (photo gallery with some ministers).
5. ↑ is only given here if the ministry presents itself in English
6. ↑ partly Linda Richter: Ministers of Defense of Albania (1953-1991) . ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Cold War History Research Center Budapest, coldwar.hu; after Vojtech Mastny , Malcolm Byrne (Ed.): A Cardboard Castle? An Inside History of the Warsaw Pact 1955-1991. CEU Press, Budapest 2005. 
7. ^ The Minister is responsible for the Royal Defense Force as well as the Royal Police , prisons, fire brigade and others;
   Defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS); the Defense Force was under the Prime Minister's Office until 2009 ; Defense (Amendment) Act , 2007; Information according to RESDAL: The Caribbean (see below)
8. ↑ Official title of the minister 2014 Minister of National Security , the ministry is called Ministry of National Security and Labor or Ministry of National Security ; The Cabinet ( Memento of the original dated August 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. and Ministry Of National Security And Labor ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , ab.gov.ag, October 9, 2009; Cabinet of Antigua and Barbuda - Minister of National Security Senator the Hon. L. Errol Cort ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , ab.gov.ag, July 10, 2009; Ministry of National Security , commonwealthofnations.org > Americas> Antigua and Barbuda> Government Ministries ; Ministry of National Security and Labor ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. : Defense & Security, Employment & Workplace , commonwealthministers.com > Ministries> Antigua and Barbuda
9. ↑ ^{a b} although the MoD heads the DoD, this is a subdivision of the ADO. The Chief of the Defense Force (CDF) and SECDEF as the highest organs diarchically direct the ADO, but are required to report to the Minister; the Assistant Minister is a possible post and currently oversees the affairs of the Defense Alliance ANZAC ( Minister assisting the Prime Minister for the Centenary of ANZAC ) ;
10. ↑ The Minister reports to the Royal Defense Force as well as the Royal Police Force and Her Majesty's Prisons ; Defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS)
11. ↑ bahamas.gov.bs > Cabinet Minister and > Agencies> Government Ministries
12. ↑ ^{a b c} As part of the administrative reform, all Belgian ministries will be transformed into the Federal Public Service . The Ministry of Defense has also been reformed since 2002, the designation of ministry and the post of minister still exist. In the future it may be called Federale Overheidsdienst Defensie (FOD Defensie) / Service public fédéral de la Défense (SPF Défense) .
13. ↑ The Defense Force as well as the Police Department , National Coast Guard Service , prisons and others are subordinate to the Minister ; Defense under the Regional Security System  (RSS)
14. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Ministry currently has no active website (1/2014); Portal del Gobierno Boliviano ( Memento of the original from January 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , bolivia.gob.bo (accessed January 18, 2014) gives Ministerio de Defensa Nacional with also www.defensalegal.gob.bo ( Ministerio de Defensa Legal 2009–2010, not available); Ministerios de Bolivia , promobolivia.com, updated April 23, 2013 (accessed January 18, 2014) gives Ministerio de Defensa Nacional with www.mindef.gob.bo (not available); Resoluciones Supremas por Ministerio ( Memento of the original dated February 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Gaceta Oficial del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (accessed on January 18, 2014) gives Ministerio de Defensa: Resoluciones: Periodos: Del 1963-01-04 al 2013-09-16 (September 16, 2013 is the status of the whole page, no Resolutions between March 18, 2009 and January 4, 2011) and Ministerio de Defensa Legal del Estado: Resoluciones: Periodos: Del 2009-02-09 al 2010-12-10 ; the term Ministerio de Defensa can be found in documents such as Analisis del Comportamiento hidrologico ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) Red hidrométrica del SNHN, La Paz, January 16, 2014.
15. ↑ Viceministerio de Defensa Civil (defensacivil.gob.bo)
16. ↑ on the assumption, see, for example, Designan a Oscar Cabrera como nuevo viceministro de Defensa Civil ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , LosTiempos.com, August 23, 2011.
17. ↑ Ministerio de Defensa Nacional de Chile in the Spanish language Wikipedia, with Listado de Ministros de Guerra y Marina de Chile (incompleto)
18. ↑ Ministry Of National Defense Of The People's Republic Of China (中华人民共和国 国防部) , People's Daily Online, May 31, 2012, at english.people.com.cn, accessed January 4, 2014.
19. ↑ ^{a b} Forsvarsministeriets historie fmn.dk;
20. ↑ the coordination ministries are special overarching ministries of Ecuador;
21. ↑ ^{a b} Historia del Ministerio , defensa.gob.ec;
22. ↑ ^{a b} Historique , md.gouv.ht, accessed January 30, 2014; According to information on the website www.md.gouv.ht, the ministry is usually referred to as de la Défense , sometimes also de la Défense Nationale (at Missions et Attributions du Ministère de la Défense ), as of 1/2014
23. ^ Assistant Minister, also a Deputy Minister of Defense
24. ↑ ^{a b c} the Defense Force was under until recently, the Ministry of Security, then it was the prime minister in property of Defense reports directly; a separate ministry has not yet been set up at the beginning of 2014; the political agendas are dealt with in the Defense Board (which includes the Prime Minister , Security Minister and the Permanent Secretary at the Office of the Prime Minister ), the organizational agenda with the Security Ministry ; About Us ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. : Mission , Ministry of National Security, mns.gov.jm, accessed January 21, 2014; see. also The Permanent Secretary ( Memento of the original from January 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Office of the Prime Minister, opm.gov.jm.
25. ↑ Le Gouvernement du 08 September 2013 ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on primature.gov.ml
26. ^ Ministry for Home Affairs and National Security , gov.mt > Government> Government of Malta> Ministries and Entities> Portfolio
27. ^ Chief Executive of the Ministry of Defense (MoD); Secretary of Defense ( Memento of the original dated February 6, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , defense.govt.nz; see. also Chief of Defense Force . last paragraph The Defense Act 1990 ... , in New Zealand Defense Force (NZDF) "About Us" HQ NZDF (nzdf.mil.nz), accessed January 10, 2014.
28. ↑ History ( Memento of the original from March 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Ministry of Defense Production, accessed January 10, 2014 (online at: modp.gov.pk );
29. ↑ Initially, the office was mostly exercised by the head of state, and has been a minister continuously since 1980.
30. ↑ Saudi Arabian Defense Ministry: currently no website, information for example in Ministry Addresses ( memento of the original from April 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , saudiembassy.net, outdated (as of 1/2014)
31. ↑ ^{a b} Title officially Statsråd och Chef för Försvarsdepartementet (Council of State and Head of Defense);
32. ↑ ^{a b c} MO RS stands for Republika Slovenija (Republic of Slovenia, ISO 3166 SI / SVN), MO SR for Slovenská republika (Slovak Republic, SK / SVK); for Serbia ( Republika Srbija , previously also Republika Srpska ; RS / SRB) no addition has yet been naturalized
33. ↑ List on The Minister . mod.somaligov.net
34. ↑ ^{a b} Office is usually held by the head of state;
35. ↑ ^{a b} Authority name only Ministry of Defense , but the official title of Defense and Military Veterans ; Minister of Defense and Military Veterans , dod.mil.za → Minister ;
36. ↑ The Ministry is responsible for the Defense Force , fire brigade, disaster control center, etc. a.
37. ↑ ^{a b} Partly Linda Richter: Ministers of Defense of Czechoslovakia (1956–1992) . ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Cold War History Research Center Budapest, coldwar.hu; after Vojtech Mastny, Malcolm Byrne (Ed.): A Cardboard Castle? An Inside History of the Warsaw Pact 1955-1991. CEU Press, Budapest 2005. 
38. ↑ Partly Linda Richter: Hungarian Ministers of Defense (1953-1994) . ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Cold War History Research Center Budapest, coldwar.hu; after Vojtech Mastny, Malcolm Byrne (Ed.): A Cardboard Castle? An Inside History of the Warsaw Pact 1955-1991. CEU Press, Budapest 2005. 
39. ↑ Executive ministers
40. ^ Aplicación Provisional del Tratado de Buena Vecindad, Amistad y Cooperación entre el Reino de España, la República Francesa y el Principado de Andorra, hecho en Madrid y París el 1 de junio de 1993 y en Andorra la Vieja el 3 de junio de 1993 . Butlletí Oficial de l'Estat núm. 155, 30 de juny de 1993 (boe.es).
41. ↑ Sometent as Militia Internal Affairs; El Sometent. Una milícia popular a Andorra . recarrega.net; History in Catalonia
42. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Antigua and Barbuda , Barbados , Dominica , Grenada , St. Kitts and Nevis , St. Lucia , St. Vincent and the Grenadines The Caribbean: Defense and Security in the Anglophone Caribbean - The Roads to Cooperation (PDF) In: Red de Seguridad y Defensa de América Latina (RESDAL): A Comparative Atlas of Defense in Latin America and Caribbean , Edition 2010, esp. Tables Defense Force's Mission , p. 113, map p. 114 f, Legal functions related to defense in the system , p. 115, Organization of Defense and Security Forces p. 116 f (whole article p. 113–128, resdal.org, there p. 1 ff). Treaty Establishing the Regional Security System (1996). United States Department of State, accessed February 27, 2008 . the members are all Commonwealth Realms (with the English kings as head of state), protecting power are United States , Canada and also United Kingdom ; some states of the alliance maintain small armed forces, all also special forces ( Special Service Units ) within the framework of the RSS (information RESDAL: The Caribbean , p. 117 / pdf p. 5).       
    
     
       
43. ^ " El Consejo de Gobierno [...] las siguientes funciones: Solicitar de la Asamblea Legislativa la declaratoria del estado de defensa nacional y la autorización para decretar el reclutamiento militar, organizar el ejército y negociar la paz " - Cap IV, Art. 147 . Constitución de Costa Rica (con reformas al 2003) in the Spanish-speaking Wikisource ; and Art. 140 16: " [Son deberes y atribuciones que corresponden conjuntamente al Presidente y al respectivo Ministro de Gobierno:] Disponer de la fuerza pública para preservar el orden, defensa y seguridad del país "
44. ↑ Police Act , Chapter 14:01; Details RESDAL: The Caribbean
45. ^ The Police Act , Chapter 244; Details RESDAL: The Caribbean
46. ↑ as well as the police; previously both at the Ministry of National Security ; this recently Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Homeland Security, Immigration and Labor and now only for civil protection, prisons, etc. a. responsible
47. ↑ Police Act , Chapter 14:01, 2001; Details RESDAL: The Caribbean
48. ^ Police Act , 280; Details RESDAL: The Caribbean
49. ^ Cohors Helvetica (Swiss Guard ) , founded in 1506, as a bodyguard only for personal and property protection ; reports directly to the Pope • Head: Praefecti Pontificalis Custodiae Helveticae (Commander) ; in addition there was the Noble Guard (from 1801) and the Palating Guard until 1969/70 ; the gendarmerie (fourth guard unit) is subordinate to the curia (directorate of the security and civil defense services)
50. ↑ cf. → Prokop Murra
51. ↑ About The Ministry of Defense of the Republic of India. (No longer available online.) Minister of Defense, archived from original on May 9, 2012 ; Retrieved December 29, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
52. ↑ Departments of the same: 1962 Department of Defense Production and 1965 Department of Defense Supplies , both later Department of Defense Production and Supplies ; 2004 Department of Defense Production ; and 1980 Department of Defense Research and Development ; 2004 Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare ( veteran welfare )
53. ↑ Nikola Ljubičić: General People's Defense - Strategy of Peace . Series Library STP, Socialist Theory and Practice , Verlag "Komunist" - Socialist Theory and Practice, 1977;
    Vuko Gozze-Gučetić: Yugoslavia's conception of general people 's defense in the law of 1969. In: Eastern Europe: interdisciplinary monthly magazine for the analysis of politics, economy, society, culture and contemporary history in Eastern Europe, East Central Europe and Southeast Europe. Vol. 21.1971, Berliner Wiss.-Verl, Berlin 1971, ISSN  0030-6428 , ZDB -ID 2074588 , pp. 23-40 ( online catalog , econbiz.de) - on the People's Defense Law 1969.
54. ↑ ^{a b} Specification in German after the announcement about the expiry of international agreements between the German Democratic Republic and Yugoslavia. June 15, 1994 . Bgbl. 1994 Part II p. 1030, Annex , 4. (on archiv.jura.uni-saarland.de)
55. ↑ there was no common flag for Austria-Hungary
56. ↑ Linda Richter: Soviet Ministers of Defense (1953-1991) . ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Cold War History Research Center Budapest, coldwar.hu; after Vojtech Mastny, Malcolm Byrne (Ed.): A Cardboard Castle? An Inside History of the Warsaw Pact 1955-1991. CEU Press, Budapest 2005. 
57. ^ Royal Saudi Land Forces History. In: Global Security. Retrieved July 21, 2013 . 
58. ↑ بوابة وزارة الدفاع والطيران والمفتشية العامة( Memento of March 22, 2009 in the Internet Archive ); Information in Ministry of Defense and Aviation, for example . saudinf.com outdated (as of 1/2014)
59. ↑ Serbian Попечитељ Popečitelj , old word for minister; see. Tvrtko Prćić: Sinonimi u Teoriji i Praksi: Isto ali ipak Različito (on gewi.uni-graz.at).