War Chancellery (Hanover)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The War Chancellery (also: War Ministry ) in Hanover was one of the highest authorities at the beginning of the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , later of the Kingdom of Hanover . It was temporarily located in the old town of Hanover in the Leineschloss , ( → map ) later in the (then) Osterstraße 93. ( → map )

history

When in 1714 Georg Ludwig , Elector of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and Regent in Hanover, ascended the throne of Great Britain and Ireland as King George I by succession , the House of Welfs nonetheless remained rulers of their Hanoverian territory . Now the so-called personal union between Great Britain and Hanover had begun for 123 years , during which the residence in Hanover, the Leineschloss , was only rarely used for representative purposes. Instead of the ruling family, however, the castle was now used as the seat of the highest authorities in the Hanoverian state, such as the " Secret Councils , the Rent and Domain Chamber , [... the] General Treasury, Library and Archives" and the "Justice" - and war chancellery ”.

The war agent Salomon Michael David was responsible for “the money and exchange transactions of the Guelph War Chancellery” .

Since 1802, “the Hanoverian War Ministry” and other authorities subordinate to it had moved into a purchased half-timbered house belonging to the late Field Marshal von Freitag at the then Osterstraße 93 , while the general command had moved into the outbuilding, the so-called Masebergsche Haus . Both houses were later to be replaced by buildings made of solid stone in order to sustainably build a closed authority district near the Haus der Landstands, which is located between Georgstrasse and Osterstrasse. But that never happened:

From 1803 to 1813, during the so-called French era , the occupation of Hanover by Napoleon Bonaparte's troops , after hearing of the landing of the English at Ritzebüttel in May 1809 , citizens of the city almost plundered the French war chest out of anticipation , which was then in the "Mittelbrandstrasse" ( Mittelstrasse in the Calenberger Neustadt ) in the "former Samson's, later Philipp's house."

However, the war chancellery apparently had other buildings, which, for example, the architect and town builder August Heinrich Andreae was in charge of in 1827 .

After the military clothing commission had been relocated from one of the “five manorial houses on Leinstrasse” to a new building built by Heinrich Tramm on Georgstrasse in 1840 , the commission building was first integrated into the neighboring polytechnic school in 1855 , and later when the school building was converted into a Hotel demolished by Ferdinand Wallbrecht . The new service building in Adolfstrasse opposite the General Military Hospital (which was used as an auxiliary hospital from 1867, however ) served as a replacement .

After the war ministry had equipped the civic guard of the city of Hanover with weapons in the course of the German Revolution of 1848/1849 , the city's magistrate issued a statute according to which the civic guard was fully incorporated into the city constitution. But in May 1849 there was almost an armed conflict over the imperial constitution campaign between the left forces around the students of the polytechnic school and the teachers who were “politically further right” . The importance of this self-help facility for the Hanoverian citizens later disappeared : in 1854 the arms were taken away from the citizens, three years later Interior Minister Borries instructed the magistrate to completely dissolve the vigilante group.

Since 1866 the need for a separate war ministry for Hanover was no longer necessary: ​​After the battle of Langensalza , Prussia took possession of the entire Kingdom of Hanover and declared the former capital to be the capital of Prussia.

In 1879/80, when Karmarschstrasse broke through, the buildings of the former war chancellery and the general command were torn down.

Personalities (incomplete)

The following personalities worked in or for the war chancellery:

  • Salomon Michael David (~ 1718 / 1724-1791), as a war agent responsible for the money and exchange transactions of the Guelphs;
  • Adolf von Hake (1747–1825), Hanoverian general of the infantry, vice president of the war chancellery in Hanover
  • August Heinrich Andreae (1804–1846), architect, from 1827 temporarily volunteer at the Royal Hanoverian War Chancellery
  • Jobst Hermann von Ilten (1649–1730), Privy Councilor since 1708, President of the War Chancellery from 1728
  • Sudfeld Vick (~ 1650–1718), from 1689 provisions manager of the war chancellery
  • Johann Daniel Ramberg (1732–1820), from 1761 war secretary, later commercial, court and secret judiciary

Image documents

The monument conservator Arnold Nöldeke illustrated in his book (see literature) two documents from the War Ministry in the (former) Osterstrasse 93 ;

literature

  • Arnold Nöldeke: Ministry of War and General Command. In: The art monuments of the city of Hanover , part 1, monuments of the "old" city area of ​​Hanover , Hanover, self-published by the provincial administration, Schulzes Buchhandlung, 1932, p. 380

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c The Leineschloss as a residence without a regent / personal union. In: The Leineschloss through the ages. A short history of the Lower Saxony parliament building , ed. by the President of the Lower Saxony State Parliament, Department for Public Relations, Protocol, Lower Saxony State Parliament, 2007, p. 4; downloadable as a PDF document
  2. ↑ a b c d e Arnold Nöldeke: War Ministry and General Command (see literature)
  3. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Personalunion In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (ed.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 498.
  4. ↑ a b Willi Feld: Abraham Isaak and his people. In: The Jews in the history of the former city of Burgsteinfurt , Part 2, Life Pictures , in the series History and Life of the Jews in Westphalia , Vol. 7, 2004, ISBN 3-8258-7435-4 ; Pp. 88-139; here: pp. 91, 93, 282; online through google books
  5. ↑ a b Friedrich Wilhelm Andreae: The ten years of French disgraceful rule (1803-1813) , chronicle of the royal seat of Hanover from the oldest times to the present , Hildesheim: Finkesche Buchhandlung (GF Schmidt), 1859, pp. 280-306; here: p. 302f .; online through google books
  6. ^ Helmut Zimmermann : Mittelstrasse. In: The street names of the state capital Hanover , Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung , Hanover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 175
  7. ↑ a b c d e War Chancellery. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , passim
  8. ^ Arnold Nöldeke: Military clothing commission. In: Die Kunstdenkmale ... (see literature), p. 380ff.
  9. ^ Dieter Brosius : Revolution. In: History of the City of Hanover , Volume 2: From the beginning of the 19th century to the present , ed. by Klaus Mlynek and Waldemar R. Röhrbein , Hanover: Schlütersche, 1994, ISBN 3-87706-364-0 , pp. 308-311; online through google books
  10. ^ Klaus Mlynek: Annexation 1866. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover , p. 28f.
  11. ↑ Arno Herzig (Ed.): Judaism and Enlightenment. Jewish self-image in the bourgeois public , Göttingen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 2002, ISBN 3-525-36262-5 ; here: p. 44 and others; online through google books
  12. ↑ Compare this information from the German National Library