Salomon Michael David

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Salomon Michael David (circa 1718/1724 in Hanover - March 20, 1791 in Hanover) was a German banker and patron . He was responsible for "the money and exchange transactions of the Guelph War Chancellery" and was one of the richest and most respected Jews in Europe.

Life

Career

Salomon Michael David was a war agent for the Guelphs . He was responsible for "the money and exchange transactions of the Guelph War Chancellery " and was one of the richest and most respected Jews in Europe.

After David had had business contacts with Abraham Isaak's father in Copenhagen for a long time (who was married to Sprintze from Hanover), Abraham Issak married David's daughter, Goldchen . She received a dowry of 6,000 thalers and was to receive another 10,000 thalers after the death of Salomon Michael Davids.

The protective Jew David was the founder of the later banking house Salomon Michael David & Sons in Hanover.

At the end of his life, Salomon David established a " pious foundation ", however not as progressive as his father before, but now more traditional again: Two scholars were to be paid from his foundation as teachers for poor girls and future brides , but with the condition that two boys at a time had to be taught free of charge.

Later, the Salomon Michael David & Sons bank had to file for bankruptcy.

Salomon Michael David's grave in the Jewish cemetery in Oberstrasse

At the time, Salomon Michael David was buried outside the city ​​fortifications of Hanover in the old Jewish cemetery on Oberstrasse .

family

The Jewish Family David is considered by the particular by Moses Mendelssohn represented Haskalah influenced intellectual elite in Hanover, in part, the early 19th century to Christianity converted . Salomon Michael David, himself rather attached to tradition, came from this court Jewish family of David , also Davids .

  • His father was the Hanoverian court and chamber agent Michael David (around 1680/85 - 1758), founder of a Jewish free school and an orphanage for boys . His Jewish name was Michael Hannover Halevi
  • His brother was Meyer Michael David (around 1704/10 - 1799), father of Elias Meyer Michael David (born around 1751/61, converted and baptized in 1801), and founder of a free school and an orphanage for boys

He married

  • in his first marriage his cousin Blümchen Minden (born in Copenhagen ; died 1759),
  • second marriage in 1763 in Wunstorf Susanna Schönche Cleve Gumperz (English spelling; born in Amsterdam ; died on December 29, 1797 in Hanover), the "Schönchen", daughter of Marcus Gomperz , the head of the Jews of Amsterdam

His numerous children included:

  • Bela Salomon (d. April 21, 1808 in Frankfurt), marriage 1772 in Minden to Elias Gumpertz (d. June 11, 1827 in Frankfurt / M.), Sister of Beer Cleve Gumpertz
  • Levi Salomon al. Levi Lewald (born 1754, died in Pont à Mousson), baptized January 28, 1805 in Hanover; ; 1. Marriage in 1784 with Fradel Mendelsheim, daughter of Herz Beer Mendelsheim from Strasbourg (parents of Ernst Anton Lewald ); 2. Marriage approx. 1798 with Henriette Gottschalk (died 1808 in Düsseldorf)
  • Goldchen Salomon (1768 in Hanover - 1791 in Copenhagen), married in 1785 to Rabbi Abraham Dehn-Ticktin (1764 in Copenhagen - 1821 in Groningen), sister of Isaac Pollac

from 2nd marriage:

  • Philipp Salomon (January 5, 1766 in Hanover - 1852 there; baptized January 26, 1805), marriage to Fredrike Seligmann, daughter of Aron Elias Seligmann
  • Gelchen (Charlotte) Salomon (1768 in Hanover - 1801 in Groningen), married after 1791 with her brother-in-law Rabbi Abraham Dehn-Ticktin
  • Benedict (Bendix) Salomon (1770 - April 1808), marriage with NN Bendemann from Berlin, gesch.
  • David Salomon (1772 in Hanover - 1830 Hamburg); 1st marriage with Jeanette Seligmann from Strasbourg, 2nd marriage in 1791 with Jeanette Cerfberr, 3rd marriage with Henriette Hertz (1785 in Fürth - 1844 in Hamburg), parents of Ferdinand David
  • Friederike (Fradchen) Salomon (1773 in Hanover - 12 June 1811 in Braunschweig); Married on October 28, 1794 to Samuel Levi Eger (June 11, 1769 in Halberstadt - December 3, 1842 in Braunschweig), Braunschweig regional rabbi, son of Juda Löb Eger (1741–1814), chief rabbi in Halberstadt
  • Anna Hannchen Salomon (1778/68 - 1814), marriage to Moses Dehn-Ticktin, the brother of her brother-in-law Rabbi Abraham Dehn-Ticktin
  • Johann Georg Carl Harrys (January 19, 1780 in Hanover - November 11, 1838 there), marriage to Marie Kessler from Berlin
  • Minchen (Mindelchen, Minna) Salomon Michael David (born 1783), marriage to Moses Hirsch
  • Sarah Salomon al. Sarah Mathilde Philipp (September 24, 1790 - 1847), baptized on January 26, 1805 in the Garrison Church of Hanover, undecorated.

In addition, he was "related to the most influential court factor families in Europe".

See also

literature

  • Willi Feld: Abraham Isaak und die Seinen , in: The Jews in the history of the former town of Burgsteinfurt , Part 2, Life Pictures , in the series History and Life of the Jews in Westphalia Vol. 7, Lit, Berlin / Münster 2004, ISBN 3- 8258-7435-4 ; Pp. 88-139
  • Thomas Bardelle: The bankruptcy of the Jewish banking house Salomon Michael David & Sons , in: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter NF 54 (2000), pp. 57 - ?? 66
  • Rotraud Ries: Court Jews as pioneers? Conditions and communications, profit and loss on the way to modernity. In: Arno Herzig (ed.): Judaism and Enlightenment: Jewish self-image in the bourgeois public. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 978-3-525-36262-4 , pp. 30-65

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Rotraud Ries: Court Jews as pioneers? Conditions and communications, profit and loss on the way to modernity. In: Arno Herzig (ed.): Judaism and Enlightenment: Jewish self-image in the bourgeois public. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 978-3-525-36262-4 , pp. 30-65, here p. 44 passim; limited preview in Google Book search
  2. ↑ Note: According to Ries, not all family dates of birth are "known, but can be deduced from some data on [... relatives]", compare Mendel Zuckermann (ed.): Documents on the history of Jews in Hanover , Hanover 1908, p 44, family table XIV; Selig Gronemann : Genealogical studies of the old Jewish families of Hanover , Berlin: Louis Lamm, 1913 (listing in Hebrew of 459 grave inscriptions in full (without translation) and 267 inscriptions with names and date of death), p. 91 f.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Willi Feld: Abraham Isaak und die Seinen , in: The Jews in the history of the former city of Burgsteinfurt , Part 2, Life Pictures , in the series History and Life of the Jews in Westphalia, Vol. 7, Lit, Berlin / Münster 2004, ISBN 3-8258-7435-4 ; Pp. 88-139; here pp. 91, 93, 282; limited preview in Google Book search
  4. ^ A b Hugo Thielen : HARRYS, Johann Georg Carl , in: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , p. 151f .; limited preview in Google Book search
  5. ^ Michael Weingarten: Baron Friedrich Otto von Münchhausen / 5% Schuldv. 1762-1765 (3 pieces) , commercial offer of a bond with information about the bank on the fhw-online.de website , last accessed on January 15, 2013
  6. ↑ Thomas Bardelle: The bankruptcy of the Jewish banking firm Salomon Michael David & Sons , in: Hannover historical sheets NF 54 (2000), pp 57 - 66 ??
  7. ↑ Selig Gronemann: Genealogical studies on the old Jewish families of Hanover , ... P. 91f.
  8. ↑ a b The initiators of a modern teaching on the website of the project Jewish life in Europe beyond the metropolises , joods-leven.net , accessed on January 15, 2013
  9. ^ David family tree
personal data
SURNAME David, Salomon Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German banker and entrepreneur
DATE OF BIRTH 18th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH March 20, 1791
Place of death Hanover