Ferdinand David

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Ferdinand David, lithograph by Johann Georg Weinhold

Ferdinand Ernst Victor Carl David (born January 20, 1810 in Hamburg ; † July 18, 1873 near Klosters , Switzerland ) was a German violin virtuoso and composer .

Life

According to the birth register of the Jewish community, David was born on January 20, 1810 as the son of the merchant David Salomon in Hamburg. Before he decided on music, he took drawing lessons from Leo Lehmann . From 1823 to 1824 he was a student of Louis Spohr and Moritz Hauptmann in Kassel. In 1826 he became a violinist at the Königsstadt Theater in Berlin . There he met the cellist Johann Benjamin Groß . From 1829 he was the first violinist in the private quartet band of the Livonian land marshal and guard master Carl Gotthard von Liphart , father of the art patron Baron Karl Eduard von Liphart , in Dorpat and undertook concert tours to Riga , Saint Petersburg and Moscow . As the quartet broke up in 1836, took a Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy him as concertmaster of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra and first violinist in the Gewandhaus Quartet . From 1843 he was also a violin teacher at the Leipzig Conservatory . His students included Alexander Ritter , August Wilhelmj , Richard Sahla , the young Max Brode and, for a short time, Joseph Joachim . David was close friends with Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, whose family had taken him in Berlin. Mendelssohn's famous Violin Concerto in E minor, Op. 64 , was written for him and first performed by him.

In 1828 David converted from the Jewish to the Evangelical faith. He became a Freemason and, in 1836, at the age of 26, was accepted into the Leipzig Freemason Lodge Minerva to the Three Palms .

Ferdinand David died unexpectedly of a heart attack on July 18, 1873 in the presence of his daughter Isabella on a hike to the Silvretta Glacier in Switzerland.

family

Ferdinand David (1868)

In 1836 he married Sophie von Liphart (1807-1893), the daughter of his former employer and sister of Karl Eduard von Liphart in Dorpat. The marriage resulted in four daughters and one son, u. a .:

  • Isabella ∞ Julius von Eckardt (1836–1908), diplomat, employee of Bismarck
  • Paul (1840–1932), violinist, conductor, music director in Uppingham ( England )
  • Helene Henriette (1842–1894) ∞ Reinhold Karl von Liphart (1839–1870) - her cousin
  • Ottilie Sophie Charlotte ∞ from Stahl
  • Anna Maria Juliane (1852–1938) ∞ Hugo Carl Traut, professor

Three other children died soon after giving birth.

His sister Marie-Louise David married . Dulcken was also a famous pianist. The youngest sister Therese married too. Meyer appeared publicly as a pianist.

Works

In addition to five violin concertos and several concert pieces for violin and orchestra, David also composed works for wind instruments, some songs and "lighter" musical works. His most performed work today is the trombone concerto (op. 4), as it has become an obligatory piece for trombonists. He has also composed two symphonies and a comic opera (Hans Wacht, 1852), which unfortunately all have disappeared without a trace. The opera is said to have destroyed David himself after the premiere after he dubbed it "hideous". Stylistically, he is one of the composers of late classicism and / or early romanticism. His arrangements of violin works, for example those by Francesco Maria Veracini, Pietro Locatelli and Johann Gottlieb Goldberg, became particularly important. He also published the entire Beethoven piano trios with CF Peters. In 1843 David arranged Johann Sebastian Bach's sonatas and partitas for solo violin.

His violin concertos 4 and 5 were recorded for the first time by Hyperion Records in 2009 .

Opus index

  • op. 2 Introduction et Variations brillantes (Theme: original) - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 3 Concertino - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 4 Concertino - Trombone & Orch.
  • op. 5 Introduction et Variations (subject: "Je suis le petit Tambour") - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 6 Introduction et Variations (Theme: "The Red Sarafan") - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 7 Introduction, Adagio et Rondeau. Violin & orch.
  • op. 8 Introduction et Variations (Theme: Schubert's "Sehnsuchtwalzer") - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 9 6 Caprices - solo violin.
  • op. 10 Concerto No. 1 - violin & orch.
  • op. 11 Introduction et Variations (Theme: Mozart's "An Chloe") - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 12 Concertino - Bassoon & Orch.
  • op.13 Introduction et Variations (Theme: original) - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 14 Concerto No. 2 - violin & orch.
  • op. 15 Introduction et Variations (Theme: Schubert's "The Praise of Tears"). Violin & orch.
  • op.16 Andante and Scherzo Capriccioso - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 17 Concerto No. 3 - violin & orch.
  • op.18 Concert Variations (Theme: original) - Violin & Orch.
  • op.19 Introduction et Variations brilliantes (Theme: original) - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 20 6 Caprices - solo violin
  • op. 21 Introduction et Variation (Subject: "Scottish Song") - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 22 Concert-Polonaise - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 23 Concerto No. 4 - violin & orch.
  • op. 24 Twelve Salon Pieces - Violin & Piano
  • op. 25 Salon duet on a song by E. Haase - violin & piano
  • op. 26 Six Songs (Book I) - Voice & Piano
  • op. 27 Six Songs (Book II) - Voice & Piano
  • op. 28 Five Salon Pieces - Violin & Piano
  • op. 29 songs - voice & piano
  • op. 30 Colorful series - violin & piano
  • op. 31 songs - voice & piano
  • op. 32 Quartet - 2 violins, viola, cello
  • op.33 Psalm - (I raise my eyes)
  • op. 34 Seven Pieces - Violoncello & Piano
  • op. 35 Concerto No. 5 [Violin Concerto No. 5] - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 36 Chamber Pieces - Violin & Piano
  • op. 37 Four marches - piano for 4 hands
  • op. 38 Sextet - 2 violins, 2 violas, 2 cellos
  • op. 39 major and minor - 25 studies for solo violin
  • op. 40 Trois Impromptu en forme de valse - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 41 Nachklänge (continuation of the "Colorful Series") - Violin & Orch.
  • op. 42 festival march (to celebrate the golden wedding of King Johann (Saxony) ) - Orch.
  • op.43 Suite - Solo Violin
  • op. 44 24 Etudes for Beginners - Solo Violin
  • op. 45 18 Etudes - Solo Violin
  • op. 46 From the holiday season 1 (No. 1–6) - violin & piano
  • op. 47 From the holiday season 2 (No. 7–12) - violin & piano
  • op. 48 From the holiday season 3 (No. 13-18) - violin & piano
  • op. 49 From the holiday season 4 (No. 19–24) - violin & piano
  • op. 50 From the holiday season 5 (No. 25–30) - violin & piano

All orchestral works, except op. 42, can be found as piano versions.

Without opus number

  • Canon for 3 violins (1852)

literature

Web links

Commons : Ferdinand David  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Julius Eckardt: Ferdinand David and the Mendelssohn-Bartholdy family. Compiled from letters left behind . Leipzig 1888, p. 285
  2. ^ David family tree
  3. ↑ hyperion-records.co.uk (with audio samples)
  4. ^ Concertino for trombone and orchestra Op. 4, with Riccardo Gatti a. Collegia-Musica-Chiemgau, live recording from the Herkulessaal of the Munich Residence in 2015 on YouTube
personal data
SURNAME David, Ferdinand
ALTERNATIVE NAMES David, Ferdinand Ernst Victor Carl (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German violin virtuoso and composer
DATE OF BIRTH January 20, 1810
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH July 18, 1873
Place of death at Klosters