Silvretta glacier
| Silvretta glacier | ||
|---|---|---|
 Silvretta glacier from the west in September 2008 |
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| location | Canton of Graubünden , Switzerland | |
| Mountains | Silvretta group | |
| Type | Mountain glacier | |
| length | 3.1 km | |
| surface | 2,785 km² (2010) | |
| Exposure | Nutrient area: northwest; Consumption area: West | |
| Altitude range | 3079 m above sea level M. - 2467 m above sea level M. (2010) | |
| width | ⌀ 1 km | |
| Coordinates | 801 036 / 192140 | |
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| drainage | Verstanclabach , Landquart , Rhine | |
The Silvretta Glacier is a little more than 3 km long and around 1 km wide Swiss Alps glacier in the northeast of the canton of Graubünden . With an area of around 2.8 km², it is the largest glacier in the Silvretta group . The Silvretta Glacier arises on the southwest flank of the Silvrettahorn and flows westwards, in the north from the glacier ridge, a rocky ridge that peaks in the Rotfluh (3166 m), and over which the border between Switzerland and Austria runs, and in the south from the ridge the Chremerchöpf is flanked. The Rotfluhlücke (approx. 3060 m) offers a transition to the Klostertal Glacier in the north . In the southeast, the Silvretta Glacier is connected to the La Cudera glacier, which is called Vadret Tiatscha in the lower part, above the high alpine, ice-covered Silvretta Pass (formerly 3003 m above sea level ) . (Vadret is the Rhaeto-Romanic name for glacier.) Due to the warming of the atmosphere, the pass has now melted (2019) to 2987 m. The Silvrettapass also forms the watershed between the Rhine and the Danube .
The Verstanclabach , a spring stream of the Landquart , is fed by the Silvretta glacier . Since its peak around 1860 during the Little Ice Age , the glacier has retreated a little more than 1 km. Several small lakes have been created in the moraine landscape left by the glacier. Below the glacier tongue stands at 2341 m above sea level. M. the Silvrettahütte of the Swiss Alpine Club , starting point for extensive high-alpine glacier and mountain tours.
The ETH Zurich has been collecting data annually since 1956 . From the beginning of the measurement up to 2011, the glacier has shrunk by 328 meters. The mass balance of the glacier has been determined annually since 1960 . This is the longest uninterrupted measurement series of a Swiss glacier that is still being carried out today.
The Silvretta area was included in the Swiss federal inventory of landscapes and natural monuments of national importance.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Research Institute for Hydraulic Engineering, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW) of the ETH Zurich (Ed.): Silvrettagletscher. In: Swiss Glacier Measurement Network. ( ethz.ch , data on length changes , also as PDF ).
- ^ A b c World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS): Fluctuations of Glaciers 2005–2010 (Vol. X). Zurich 2012 ( online ( memento of March 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ); PDF; 5.0 MB)
- ↑ Alpine Club Map No. 26 "Silvrettagruppe", 9th edition 2013 with glacier stands from 1991.
- ↑ Digital national map of Switzerland: https://map.geo.admin.ch/?lang=de&topic=ech&bgLayer=ch.swisstopo.pixelkarte-farben&layers=ch.swisstopo.zeitreihen,ch.bfs.gebaeude_wohnungs_register,ch.bav.haltestellen -oev, ch.swisstopo.swisstlm3d-wanderwege & layers_visibility = false, false, false, false & layers_timestamp = 18641231 ,,, & E = 2802136.75 & N = 1191761.38 & zoom = 11
- ^ Matthias Huss, Andreas Bauder, Martin Funk: Homogenization of long-term mass-balance time series. In: Annals of Glaciology. Volume 50, 2009, pp. 198–205 ( online ; PDF; 399 kB)
Web links
