1901

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1901
After the assassination of William McKinley , Theodore Roosevelt becomes the youngest President of the United States to date.
The Commonwealth of Australia is founded.
After the defeat in the Boxer War, China has to pay the boxer's compensation .	The first Nobel Prize in Physics goes to Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
1901 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	1349/50 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1893/94 (turn of the year 10/11 September)
Baha'i calendar	57/58 (turn of the year 20/21 March)
Bengali solar calendar	1306/07 (beginning of April 14th or 15th)
Buddhist calendar	2444/45 (southern Buddhism); 2443/44 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	76th (77th) cycle Year of the Metal Ox辛丑 ( since February 19 , before that Metal Rat庚子)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	1263/64 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	4234/35 (2-3 October)
Iranian calendar	1279/80 (around March 21)
Islamic calendar	1318/19 (April 20-21)
Japanese calendar	Meiji 34 (明治 34 年); Koki 2561
Jewish calendar	5661/62 (September 13-14)
Coptic Calendar	1617/18 (September 10-11)
Malayalam calendar	1076/77
Rumi Calendar (Ottoman Empire)	1316/17 (March 1st)
Seleucid era	Babylon: 2211/12 (turn of the year April) Syria: 2212/13 (turn of the year October)
Suriyakati Calendar (Thai Solar Calendar)	2443/44 (April 1)
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1957/58 (turn of the year April)

The year 1901 marks the beginning of the 20th century . Nobel Prizes are awarded for the first time . The award winners include Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen for his discovery of X-rays and Emil von Behring for his research into diphtheria . Henri Dunant gets along with the "apostle of peace" Frédéric Passy the Nobel Peace Prize .

The suffragettes celebrate their first success: In Norway women’s right to vote is introduced in local elections.

A new nation is founded in the southern hemisphere: the previously independent areas of New South Wales , Victoria , Queensland , South Australia , Western Australia and Tasmania merge to form the state of Australia (Commonwealth of Australia) .

After the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion by the western colonial powers, Japan and Russia , China is forced to sign the humiliating Boxer Protocol.

events

Politics and world events

Deutsches Reich

• January 7th: The Society for Social Reform is founded in Berlin . The main goal is to expand worker protection. The initiator and chairman is the Prussian minister Hans Hermann Freiherr von Berlepsch . Further founding members are the National Liberal Ernst Bassermann and the economists Lujo Brentano and Gustav von Schmoller, who are among the " Kathedersozialisten " ( Kathedersozialisten ) .
• June 17th: The 2nd Orthographic Conference begins in Berlin , at which discussions on the uniformity of German spelling take place with the participation of Konrad Duden . At the end of the conference, the participants agree on an official set of rules for use by the authorities.

Europe

• January 1: Ernst Brenner becomes President of Switzerland
• May 22nd: Umberto I's assassin , Gaetano Bresci , dies in custody by suicide or at the hands of the guards.
• June 28: With the military insurance , the first social insurance in Switzerland is founded.
• September 27: In Basel , at the congress of the International Association for Statutory Labor Protection, which was founded in 1900, it is decided to collect the labor protection laws of all countries and to publish them in three languages.
• A major strike begins in the Penrhyn mine ( Wales ), the world's largest mine at the time. The dispute lasted two years and is one of the most important labor disputes in the early 20th century

Africa

• January 31st: The British start building concentration camps in South Africa where they intern the Boers.
• February 23: Great Britain and the German Empire agree on the border between Lake Nyassa and Lake Tanganyika in Central Africa.
• March 10th: French troops occupy the Moroccan oasis of Talmima.
• April 15: Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen is appointed new governor of the German colony of East Africa .
• July 17: The Belgian State secures a fundamental right to acquire privately owned by the king located Congo colony .
• November 19: German troops suppress a Fulbe uprising in the Cameroon colony near Garua .
• November 28: Great Britain and Italy agree in Rome on the demarcation of their colonies in Sudan and Eritrea .

America

• February 5: The USA and Great Britain sign the Hay Pauncefote Treaty , named after their signatories , which regulates the construction of the Panama Canal under US supervision. The United States Senate rejects restrictions such as: B. the prohibition of military fortifications.
• July 29th: The Socialist Party of America is founded.
• August 6th: In the United States, land of the Kiowa in Oklahoma is released for white settlement and their Indian reservation is de facto dissolved.
• September 6: Anarchist Leon Czolgosz assassinated US President William McKinley at the Pan American Exhibition in Buffalo , who died eight days later from the gunshot wounds. On this day Theodore Roosevelt is sworn in as the new President.
• September 23: In Buffalo , US President William McKinley's assassin Leon Czolgosz is sentenced to death by the electric chair. The execution will take place on October 29th.
• September 25th: The bubonic plague breaks out in Rio de Janeiro .
• October 16: New US President Theodore Roosevelt receives black civil rights activist Booker T. Washington at the White House . The "incident" caused outrage within the anti-liberal public. The black population in the USA continues to be discriminated against.
• November 18: Second Hay Pauncefote Treaty : The USA secures the exclusive right to build the Panama Canal vis-à-vis Great Britain .
• November 19: In order to assert US economic interests, the area of ​​the Panama Railway in Colombia is occupied by naval troops.
• November 30th: The German Reich sends naval units to Venezuela to protect German interests .
• In the Arizona Territory , the Arizona Rangers are founded on the model of the Texas Rangers .
• New York City Social Housing : The Tenement House Act of 1901 bans the construction of new tenements on lots less than 25 feet and requires partitioned toilets with windows to be provided for every other apartment. Old homes where rooms did not have a window must now have at least a 3 by 5 foot opening to a ventilated space.

Asia

• January 10: China accepts peace terms that are very detrimental to China after the suppression of the Boxer Rebellion dictated by the great powers.
• January 30th: In the Dutch East Indies , a Dutch military expedition defeats the Achinese , whose fortress Batu Ilik is conquered.
• March 30: US troops capture Filipino President and rebel leader Emilio Aguinaldo . Several guerrilla groups then surrender .
• May 2: The government of Japanese Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi declares its resignation due to financial problems .
• June 8th: Oskar von Truppel becomes the new governor of the German colony of Kiautschou .
• September 7th: Signing of the Boxer Protocol between China of the Qing Dynasty and the western colonial powers as well as Japan and Russia .

Australia and Oceania

• January 1: The previously independent areas of New South Wales , Victoria , Queensland , South Australia , Western Australia and Tasmania merge to form the state of Australia (Commonwealth of Australia) . At the same time, a uniform federal constitution is passed. As the representative of the British Queen, Lord John Adrian Hopetown is sworn in as the first Governor General . Edmund Barton becomes Prime Minister of the first administration .
• July 15: Francis James Gillen and Walter Baldwin Spencer make the first crossing of Western Australia from south to north.
• The Cook Islands (a British reserve since 1888) come to New Zealand .

business

Oil boom

• January 10th: A huge oil fountain shoots up when drilling on Spindletop Hill near Beaumont in Texas , tripling US oil production overnight and creating the Texan oil companies (including Texaco ).
• May 28: William Knox D'Arcy receives a 60-year concession to explore oil fields in Iran for £ 20,000 in cash and £ 20,000 in shares .

Money and economic crisis

• June 25: The bankruptcy of the Leipziger Bank plunges the state of Saxony into a severe economic and government crisis . After the scandal, distrust of financial institutions grew in the German Reich. The bank files for bankruptcy on June 26th.

Business start-ups

• In January, George Hendee and Oscar Hedstrom found the world's first manufacturer of series motorcycles, the Indian company .
• February 25: John Pierpont Morgan and Elbert H. Gary found the United States Steel Corporation after purchasing the steel company from Andrew Carnegie . In the year it was founded, it dominated two thirds of the US steel market.
• July 1st: Sixteen Swiss chocolate companies found the “Union libre des fabricants suisses de chocolat” (today: Chocosuisse) in Neufchâtel . Carl Russ-Suchard becomes the first president .

traffic

• January 1st: The world's first road (length: 200 km) is inaugurated in Madagascar .
• January 1st: The Große Berliner Straßenbahn introduces a standard tariff of ten pfennigs on its tram lines within the Berlin area and various suburbs .
• January 1st: The Swiss Central Railway becomes federal property. On January 1, 1902, the company was integrated into the Swiss Federal Railways .
• March 1: In Elberfeld , the first section of the Wuppertal suspension railway is opened for passenger traffic. The suspension railway starts operating on the first section from Zoologischer Garten to Kluse.
• April 4th: The Celtic is launched in Belfast as the largest passenger ship in the world.
• May 5: Near the Piccadilly Circus is created London's first park , which extends over seven floors.
• May 26th: The 2nd International Motor Show opens in Vienna.
• October 22: The construction of the route for the Trans-Aral Railway from Tashkent to Orenburg officially begins.
• November 1: The Russian Finance Minister Sergei Witte tells Nicholas II. The completion of the construction of the East Siberian Railway to Vladivostok and Port Arthur telegram with. Although two years will be needed for the final work, provisional rail traffic will commence immediately.

Angels Flight in their original location

• The Angels Flight funicular goes into operation in Los Angeles . At this point in time, it was considered to be the shortest railway line in the world.

Other economic events

• February 27th: The British House of Commons approves the eight-hour working day for miners . The corresponding legal regulation will be passed seven years later.
• June 29th: The Banque de l'Afrique Occidentale for the French colonies in West Africa is established.
• November 30th: Frank Hornby receives a patent in Great Britain for the metal construction kit he had invented . Under the name Meccano is a toy to success.
• December 2nd: King Camp Gillette introduces its first interchangeable razor. The Gillette Company's economic breakthrough came in 1904.

The Ville de Paris in the Grand Palais

• December 10th to 25th: One of the key items at the Salon de l'automobile, du cycle, et des sports in Paris is the impact airship Ville de Paris of the French industrialist Henri Deutsch de la Meurthe of the Société Mallet, Mélandri et , which is still under construction de Pitray .
• December 31: The first European district heating plant goes into operation in Dresden .

science and technology

Antarctic exploration

Golden Age of Antarctic Research

• August 6th: With the departure of the RRS Discovery from the Isle of Wight, the British National Antarctic Expedition begins under the direction of Robert Falcon Scott .
• August 11: The first German Antarctic expedition begins under the leadership of the geophysicist Erich von Drygalski .
• October 16: In Gothenburg , the Swedish Antarctic Expedition, under the scientific direction of Otto Nordenskjöld , sets off for a research trip with the ship Antarctic .

Natural sciences

• June 30: British Governor Henry Hamilton Johnston presents scientists with skull bones and okapi fur . The animal, newly discovered in Central Africa, is considered a scientific sensation and was previously only known to the pygmies .
• July 31: The German meteorologists Arthur Berson and Reinhard Süring reach the world record height of 10,800 meters in the Preussen gas balloon . Their temperature measurements pave the way for the discovery of the stratosphere in 1902.
• September 8: A research team headed by Henri Breuil discovered rock carvings from the Cro-Magnon period in the Les Combarelles grotto in the Dordogne department .
• Discovery of the Bacillus thuringiensis
• Karl Landsteiner discovered the AB0 system of blood groups , for which he later received the Nobel Prize.
• The Dutchman Hugo de Vries publishes a paper on the theory of mutation , developing the findings of Gregor Mendel on evolution .
• The German chemist Emil Fischer is the first to isolate the proteinogenic amino acid valine from the protein casein .

psychology

• January 2nd: Sigmund Freud publishes his work on the psychopathology of everyday life , to which the phrase Freud's slip of the tongue can be traced back.

Others

• March 25: The first two-stroke diesel engine is tested in Guide Bridge near Manchester .
• May 7th: The Dutch government plans to drain the Zuider Sea . For this project, she estimates construction costs of 95 million guilders and a work period of 18 years.
• May 26th: A German-British telegraph cable is put into operation between Borkum and Bacton .
• October 3: Wilhelm Kress tries to fly a water plane at the Wienerwaldsee .
• October 19: The Brazilian Alberto Santos-Dumont orbits the Paris Eiffel Tower in a dirigible airship .
• October 21: The Academy for Commercial and Social Science opens in Frankfurt am Main.
• October 24: The American Annie Edson Taylor is the first person to survive the fall over the cliffs of the Niagara Falls in a self-made barrel.
• December 10: The Swedish king awards the Nobel Prize, named after its founder Alfred Nobel , for the first time in Stockholm and Oslo .
• December 12: In Newfoundland , the Italian Guglielmo Marconi receives wireless signals from overseas for the first time. This is the first radio link across the Atlantic .
• Foundation of the École française d'Extrême-Orient in Hanoi
• Johan Korbuly invents matador (toys) .

Culture

architecture

• October 4: The Dragon Bridge in Ljubljana is officially opened after a construction period of over a year. The reinforced concrete bridge built using the Melan construction method is considered a masterpiece of Art Nouveau architecture. Its name is derived from the four winged dragons at the ends of the bridge, which in turn embody the dragon in the Ljubljana coat of arms.

Visual arts

• 

  Gustav Klimt : Judith I

Paul Gauguin : And the gold of their bodies , 1901, oil on canvas

• May 15: The Darmstadt artists' colony is ceremoniously opened.
• August 15: An exhibition by the artist group “ Phalanx ”, founded by Wassili Kandinsky , opens in Munich .
• The Spanish painter Pablo Picasso paints the first pictures of the Blue Period .
• The Toledo Museum of Art is founded.
• Edvard Munch paints the first version of the oil painting Girls on the Bridge .
• Max Liebermann paints two paintings with the title Two Riders on the Beach .

Paul Cézanne: Skull pyramid , oil on canvas

• Around 1901: Paul Cézanne : Skull pyramid

literature

• February 26th: Thomas Mann's social novel Buddenbrooks is published in two volumes by S. Fischer Verlag .
• August: The Strand Magazine published the first two chapters of Arthur Conan Doyle's The Hound of the Baskervilles . The fans breathe easy - Sherlock Holmes is back.
• The novels of the present by Anatole France in Paris
• Kim , a youth spy novel by Rudyard Kipling in New York City
• Jerusalem by Selma Lagerlöf in Stockholm
• The philosophical work The Life of Bees by Maurice Maeterlinck in Paris
• The socially critical novel The Octopus by Frank Norris in New York
• City and Mountains by José Maria Eça de Queiroz
• Lieutenant Gustl von Arthur Schnitzler , who was added to the newspaper last year, is now published as a book in Berlin.
• One of the first English science fiction novels appears: The first people on the moon by Herbert George Wells .

Music and theater

• January 31: World premiere of the drama Three Sisters by Anton Chekhov in Moscow
• March 9th: Premiere of the Easter Passion Play by August Strindberg in Frankfurt am Main
• March 16: The premiere of the 1st symphony by Alexander Scriabin in Moscow
• March 31: premiere of the lyric opera Rusalka by Antonín Dvořák at the Národní Divadlo
• October 5th: Premiere of the operetta Jadwiga by Rudolf Dellinger at the Residenztheater in Dresden
• October 11th: World premiere of the impostor comedy Der Marquis von Keith by Frank Wedekind in Berlin
• October 19: World premiere of the orchestral marches Pomp and Circumstance by Edward Elgar in Liverpool
• October 20th: The Munich Prinzregententheater opens.
• October 27: World premiere of Sergei Rachmaninov's 2nd piano concerto in Moscow
• November 9th: Premiere of the late romantic opera Die Rose vom Liebesgarten by Hans Pfitzner in Elberfeld
• November 20th: Premiere of the opera Grisélidis by Jules Massenet at the Opéra-Comique in Paris
• November 25th: Premiere of the 4th Symphony by Gustav Mahler in Munich
• December 9: premiere of the melodramatic tragedy Francesca da Rimini by Gabriele D'Annunzio in Rome; his lover Eleonora Duse plays the title role
• WP of the play Totentanz by August Strindberg

Others

• January 18: Ernst von Wolzüge founded the Überbrettl, the first German cabaret , in Berlin
• December 18: The new museum building , the first building of today's Pergamon Museum , opens in Berlin.

society

• January 1st: The port hospital in Hamburg goes into operation.
• January 11th: The König-Friedrich-Stiftung is established by the Berlin city ​​council. It was financed with 1 million marks to improve the poor housing situation in the capital.
• February 7th: Queen Wilhelmina marries the German Duke Heinrich zu Mecklenburg in the Netherlands .

Müllersches Volksbad

• May 1st: Thanks to a generous donation from the engineer and philanthropist Karl Müller, Munich receives its first public indoor swimming pool . The Mullerian Volksbad is none like him the world's most expensive and largest object at the opening.
• October 29: In Auburn State Prison, New York , Leon Czolgosz , the assassin of US President William McKinley , is executed on the electric chair . In the coffin, the body of the executed person is also doused with sulfuric acid , which dissolves the body within 24 hours.
• October 29: US police arrest nurse Jane Toppan after the ordered autopsy of four bodies of the Davis family revealed death by poison . Toppan is subsequently revealed to be a serial killer who has given lethal injections dozen of times .
• November 4th: The student Karl Fischer initiates the Wandervogel movement . In Steglitz near Berlin he founds the Wandervogel committee for student trips. V.

religion

• February 22nd: The Russian writer Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy is expelled from the Russian Orthodox Church because of blasphemous statements in his novel Resurrection . There were crowds and demonstrations for Tolstoy in Moscow and Saint Petersburg .
• March 22nd: Adalbert Endert , Bishop of Fulda , announced in a pastoral letter that he rejects marriages between Catholics and Protestants and will only tolerate them if a Catholic wedding takes place and the hoped-for children are baptized Catholics. The Protestant regional churches sharply criticize the pastoral letter.
• May 17: The clerical press threatens to boycott school lessons after the Bavarian state government rejected the plan by Catholic bishops to dismiss Catholic teachers who live in "mixed marriages" and have their children raised in Protestant schools.
• May 30th: Foundation of the Altoona-Johnstown Diocese
• October 9: The Italian government forbids the clergy to use churches for non-religious purposes, especially for political purposes.
• October 17: For religious reasons, the University of Strasbourg has doubled the chair for modern history with the Protestant Friedrich Meinecke and the Catholic Martin Spahn .

Disasters

• February 22nd: The American liner City of Rio de Janeiro sinks in San Francisco Bay after colliding with an underwater rock. 138 of the 220 people on board are killed. The sinking of the City of Rio de Janeiro is considered to be the worst shipwreck in the San Francisco Bay Area to date .
• May 3: A fire breaks out in a mattress factory in Jacksonville, Florida , which one believes can be mastered with a few buckets of water. The flames spread faster than expected, and an eight-hour fire ultimately destroyed 2,368 houses in the city and left around 10,000 people homeless.
• August 15: Canadian passenger steamer Islander rams an iceberg in the Lynn Canal and sinks in 15 minutes, killing 40 passengers and crew.
• November 16: In severe storms 33 ships sink off the British coast, drowning 187 people.

Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Disaster .

Sports

→ Main article : Sports year 1901

• February 9: The first Nordic Games , the forerunners of the Winter Olympics , open in Stockholm .
• March 10: The Berlin art drivers Paul and Otto Lüders present the bike ball game to the German public . It was invented by the American Nick Kaufmann ten years earlier.
• May 25: The Argentine football club Club Atlético River Plate is founded in Buenos Aires in the La Boca district.
• May 27th: The Offenbacher Fußball Club Kickers 1901 e. V. is founded.
• June 29th: Henri Fournier wins the Paris - Aachen - Hanover - Berlin long- distance automobile trip for the Kaiser Wilhelm Prize in a journey time of 15 hours and 33 minutes.
• August 5th: Irish athlete Peter O'Connor jumps 7.61 meters in Dublin. He later became the first long jumper in the IAAF's world record list .
• August 12th: One of the most important sports clubs in Switzerland , FC Luzern , is founded.
• September 14th: The first bodybuilding competition ("The Great Competition"), organized by Eugen Sandow , takes place in the Prince Albert Hall in London .

For entries of athletics world records, see the respective discipline under athletics .

Nobel Prizes

In 1901 the Nobel Prizes , endowed in his will by Alfred Nobel , were awarded for the first time .

price	person	country	Reason for awarding the prize	image
Nobel Price for physics	Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845–1923)	Deutsches Reich	"In recognition of the extraordinary merit that he has earned through the discovery of the rays named after him "
Nobel Prize in Chemistry	Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (1852-1911)	Netherlands	"In recognition of the extraordinary merit he has earned through the discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutions"
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine	Emil von Behring (1854–1917)	Deutsches Reich	"For his work on serum therapy and especially for its use against diphtheria , with which he opened up new avenues for medical science and gave the doctor a successful weapon in the fight against disease and death"
Nobel Prize in Literature 1901	Sully Prudhomme (1839-1907)	France	"In recognition of his excellent services as a writer, which he also demonstrated in later years, and especially his poetry, which testifies to high idealism, artistic perfection and a rare union of heart and mind"
Nobel Peace Prize	Henry Dunant (1828-1910)	Switzerland	Founder of the International Committee of the Red Cross
	Frédéric Passy (1822-1912)	France	Founder of the "French Society of Friends of Peace" (" International Peace League ")

Born

January

• 0January 1: Filippo Anfuso , Italian diplomat, State Secretary and politician († 1963)
• 0January 1: Eiichi Ataka , Japanese entrepreneur († 1994)
• 0January 1: Willibald Pschyrembel , German doctor and author († 1987)
• 0January 3: George WF Hallgarten , American historian († 1975)
• 0January 3: Ngô Đình Diệm , first President of the Republic of Vietnam († 1963)
• 0January 3: Eric Voegelin , political scientist and philosopher († 1985)
• 0January 3: Josef Schoiswohl , Austrian bishop († 1991)
• 0January 3: Ngô Đình Diệm , first President of South Vietnam († 1963)
• 0January 4th: CLR James , cultural critic, journalist, theorist and writer († 1989)
• 0January 4th: Hermann zu Leiningen , German racing car driver († 1971)
• 0January 5: Klaus Bonhoeffer , German lawyer and resistance fighter († 1945)
• 0January 5: Walter Lüthi , reformed pastor († 1982)
• 0January 6: Patrick Aherne , British actor († 1970)
• 0January 6: José Gaspar d'Afonseca e Silva , Brazilian Archbishop († 1943)
• 0January 7th: Robert Neufang , German politician and football official († 1972)

Elisabeth Schwarzhaupt (right) 1963

• 0January 7th: Konrad von Schubert , German Ambassador († 1973)
• 0January 7th: Elisabeth Schwarzhaupt , German politician († 1986)
• 0January 8: Walter Dirks , German publicist, writer and journalist († 1991)
• 0January 9: Ishman Bracey , American blues singer and guitarist († 1970)
• 0January 9: Chic Young , American cartoonist and comic artist († 1973)
• January 10: Henning von Tresckow , major general of the German armed forces and resistance fighter († 1944)
• January 11: Herbert Molwitz , German engraver and etcher († 1970)
• January 12: Kurt Jooss , German dancer, choreographer and dance teacher († 1979)
• January 13: Wilhelm Hanle , German physicist († 1993)
• January 14: Bebe Daniels , American actress († 1971)
• January 14: Rudi Schiemann , cabaret artist and actor in the GDR († 1970)
• January 15: Guido Schmidt , Austrian diplomat and politician († 1957)

Fulgencio Batista, 1952

• January 16: Fulgencio Batista , President and Dictator of Cuba († 1973)
• January 17: Herbert Grabert , German publisher's founder († 1978)
• January 17: William A. Mueller , American sound engineer († 1992)
• January 18: Murayama Tomoyoshi , Japanese writer and theater director († 1977)
• January 18: Pem , German-British journalist and writer († 1972)
• January 19: Armand Schulthess , Swiss object and text artist († 1972)
• January 19: Fred Uhlman , German lawyer, painter and writer († 1985)
• January 20: Juan García Oliver , Spanish anarchist and syndicalist († 1980)
• January 20: Karl Gilg , German chess player († 1981)
• January 21: Charles Grant Loomis , American Germanist and folklorist († 1963)
• January 21: Clärenore Stinnes , world traveler, racing car driver († 1990)
• January 21: Ricardo Zamora , Spanish soccer player († 1978)
• January 22nd: Hans Erich Apostel , composer and representative of the Second Viennese School († 1972)
• January 22: Ken G. Hall , Australian film producer, director and screenwriter († 1994)
• January 23: Richard Bevan Austin , American lawyer († 1977)
• January 24th: Walther Bullerdiek , German actor, radio play speaker and composer († 1971)
• January 24th: AM Cassandre , graphic designer, typographer, painter, set designer and teacher († 1968)
• January 24th: Willy Czernik , German operetta and film composer († 1996)
• January 24th: Mikhail Ilyich Romm , Russian director († 1971)
• January 24: Karl-Eduard Wilke , German major general († 1990)
• January 25: Roman Cycowski , member of the Comedian Harmonists († 1998)
• January 27: Lilly Becher , German writer and publicist († 1978)

Willy Fritsch, 1927

• January 27: Willy Fritsch , German actor († 1973)
• January 28: Takahashi Shinkichi , Japanese poet († 1987)
• January 29: Heinrich Anacker , Swiss-German writer († 1971)
• January 29: Mary Eaton , American actress († 1948)
• January 30th: Ramón Díaz Freeman , Dominican composer, bassoonist and organist († 1976)
• January 30th: Hans Erich Nossack , German writer († 1977)
• January 30th: Rudolf Caracciola , German racing car driver († 1959)
• January 30: William Kroll , American violinist, composer and music teacher († 1980)
• January 31: Marie Luise Kaschnitz , German poet and short story writer († 1974)

February

Clark Gable, 1943

• 0February 1: Clark Gable , American actor († 1960)
• 0February 2: Jascha Heifetz , violinist († 1987)
• 0February 2: Walter Vinson , American blues musician († 1975)
• 0February 4: Katharina Winter , supporter of the resistance fighters of July 20, 1944 († 2005)
• 0February 7th: Hans Kossatz , German caricaturist, comic artist and illustrator († 1985)
• 0February 8: Gustav Dahrendorf , German politician and journalist († 1954)
• February 10: Stella Adler , American stage and film actress († 1992)
• February 10: Arthur Jores , German medic († 1982)
• February 10: Richard Brauer , German-American mathematician († 1977)
• February 13: Max Kröckel , German athlete in the Nordic ski disciplines († 1986)
• February 13: Paul Felix Lazarsfeld , Austrian-American sociologist († 1976)
• February 14: Petter Moen , Norwegian mathematician and in the resistance against German occupation († 1944)
• February 14: Hans Schütz , German politician († 1982)
• February 15: André Parrot , French archaeologist († 1980)
• February 15: Jupp Schmitz , German entertainer, Schlager and Krätzchen singer († 1991)
• February 15: Kokomo Arnold , American blues musician († 1968)
• February 16: Joseph Ackermann , Swiss politician († 1987)
• February 16: Eugen Huth , German politician († 1976)
• February 16: Reinhold Ebertin , German astrologer, cosmobiologist and esotericist († 1988)
• February 17: Kajii Motojirō , Japanese writer († 1932)
• February 18: Alfred Grünberg , German worker and resistance fighter against National Socialism († 1942)
• February 19: Florence Green , last known World War I veteran († 2012)
• February 19: Hans Grundig , painter and graphic artist († 1958)
• February 20: César Geoffray , French composer and choir director († 1972)
• February 20: Franz Wanderer , German marathon runner († 1944)
• February 21: Emilio Comici , Italian alpinist and cave explorer († 1940)
• February 21: Ivar Lo-Johansson , Swedish writer († 1990)
• February 23: Ludwig Frederick Audrieth , American chemist († 1967)
• February 23: Edgar Ende , German painter († 1965)
• February 25: Zeppo Marx , American comedian († 1979)
• February 26: Alexandr Hořejší , Czech poet and translator († 1970)
• February 26: Leslie Munro , New Zealand Ambassador of New Zealand to the USA († 1974)
• February 27: Elizabeth Hill , American screenwriter († 1978)
• February 27: Marino Marini , Italian artist († 1980)
• February 27: Goffredo Zehender , Italian racing car driver († 1958)
• February 28: Rudolf Nilsen , Norwegian poet († 1929)

Linus Pauling, 1962

• February 28: Linus Pauling , American chemist († 1994)

March

• 0March 1: Tommy Jarrell , American fiddle and banjo player and singer († 1985)
• 0March 3: Otto Müller , German publisher († 1956)
• 0March 3: Gwen Wakeling , American costume designer († 1982)
• 0March 4th: Erwin Hartung , chorus singer, actor († 1986)
• 0March 4: Hans Klüver , German chess problem composer († 1989)
• 0March 4: Piotr Perkowski , Polish composer († 1990)
• 0March 4: Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo , Malagasy writer († 1937)
• 0March 5: Louis I. Kahn , American architect and urban planner († 1974)
• 0March 5: Leni Timmermann , German pianist and author († 1992)
• 0March 6: Naum Ilyich Achijeser , Ukrainian mathematician († 1980)
• 0March 6: Ernest Gibson , American politician († 1969)
• 0March 6: Vladimir Pyschnow , Soviet aerodynamicist († 1984)
• 0March 8: Karl Abenthum , German Catholic pastor († 1976)
• 0March 8: Julius Bochmann , German teacher and philatelist, founder of the Bochmann catalog of German occasional postmarks († 1957)
• 0March 8: Wilhelm Pleyer , German author († 1974)
• 0March 9: Humberto Mello Nóbrega , Brazilian literary historian and writer († 1978)
• March 10: Jules Lavigne , Belgian football player († 1957)
• March 11: Josef Martin Bauer , German writer († 1970)
• March 11: Wilton E. Hall , American politician († 1980)
• March 11: Karl Hoffmann , German politician († 1981)
• March 13: Beppo Afritsch , Austrian garden technician and politician († 1964)
• March 13: Margaret Craven , American writer († 1980)
• March 13: Gebhard Seelos , German politician († 1984)
• March 13: Norman Woodlieff , American old-time musician († 1985)
• March 14: Sidney James Montford Atkinson , South African athlete († 1977)
• March 14: János Esterházy , Hungarian nobleman and politician († 1957)
• March 15: Erwin Balzer , German Evangelical Lutheran theologian († 1975)
• March 15: Erich Fiedler , German actor († 1981)
• March 15: Theo Uden Masman , Dutch pianist and journalist († 1965)
• March 16: Walter Erich Schäfer , German dramaturge and general director of the Württemberg State Theater († 1981)
• March 17: Christoph Aschmoneit , German shipbuilding engineer († 1984)
• March 17: Alexander Bicks , American lawyer († 1963)
• March 17: Ludolf-Hermann von Alvensleben , adjutant Heinrich Himmler and group leader of the SS († 1970)
• March 18: Willi Ankermüller , German lawyer and politician († 1986)
• March 19: Josef Wirmer , resistance fighter, victim of National Socialism († 1944)
• March 20: Josef Adamczyk , German politician († 1971)
• March 21: Karl Arnold , German politician († 1958)
• March 21: Rudolf Harms , German writer († 1984)
• March 22nd: Oliver Strunk , American musicologist and teacher († 1980)
• March 24: Ub Iwerks , American animator and technician († 1971)
• March 24: Kim Peacock , British actor, radio play speaker and screenwriter († 1966)
• March 24: Josef Pfitzner , German historian († 1945)
• March 25: Raymond Firth , New Zealand ethnologist († 2002)

Carl Barks, 1994

• March 27: Carl Barks , American painter, cartoonist and copywriter († 2000)
• March 27: Enrique Santos Discépolo , Argentine composer († 1951)
• March 27: George Dowty , British industrialist and inventor († 1975)

Erich Ollenhauer, Bonn 1954

• March 27: Erich Ollenhauer , SPD party chairman and chairman of the SPD parliamentary group († 1963)
• March 27: Satō Eisaku , 61st to 63rd Prime Minister of Japan († 1975)
• March 28: Märtha of Sweden , Swedish princess and crown princess of Norway († 1954)
• March 29: Sidney Arodin , American jazz clarinetist and composer († 1948)
• March 30: Ali Razmara , General and Prime Minister of Iran († 1951)
• March 31: Otto Kellerhals , Swiss civil servant († 1990)

April

• 0April 1: William Harding Anderson , British ice hockey player († 1983)
• 0April 1: Francisco Ascaso Budría , Spanish anarchist († 1936)
• 0April 1: Walther Böttcher , German politician († 1983)
• 0April 1: Hugo Geiger , German politician († 1984)
• 0April 2: Karl Höll , German food chemist († 1997)
• 0April 4: Adam Adrio , German university professor and musicologist († 1973)
• 0April 5: Curt Bois , German actor († 1991)
• 0April 5: Doggie Julian , American basketball coach († 1967)
• 0April 5: Melvyn Douglas , American actor († 1981)
• 0April 5: Luigi Malipiero , German theater director and director, actor and set designer († 1975)
• 0April 6: Marian Hemar , Polish poet († 1972)
• 0April 8: Jean Prouvé , French architect and designer († 1984)
• April 11: Alexander Alexandrowitsch Andronow , Soviet physicist († 1952)
• April 11: Theodor Rogalski , Romanian composer († 1954)
• April 13: Jacques Lacan , French psychoanalyst († 1981)
• April 13: Paul Yü Pin , Archbishop of Nanking and Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1978)
• April 14: Max Dominicé , Swiss Protestant clergyman († 1975)
• April 14: Antonie Straßmann , German actress, crew member of the airship Dornier DO-X (D-1929) crossing the Atlantic († 1952)
• April 14: Martin Kessel , German writer († 1990)
• April 15: Joe Davis , English snooker and billiards player († 1978)
• April 15: René Pleven , French politician († 1993)
• April 17: Raúl Prebisch , Argentine development economist († 1986)
• April 18: Hanns Arens , German writer, editor, publisher and critic († 1983)
• April 19: Rose Oehmichen , German actress and co-founder of the Augsburger Puppenkiste († 1985)
• April 20: Adolf Busemann , German aerodynamicist († 1986)
• April 20: Martin Lohmann (economist) , German economist († 1993)
• April 20: Karl Schlumprecht , functionary of the Nazi regime, Lord Mayor of Bayreuth († 1970)
• April 20: Michel Leiris , French writer and ethnologist († 1990)
• April 21: Julián Bautista , Argentine composer († 1961)
• April 25: Gottfried Amann , German forest scientist († 1988)
• April 26: Harald Braun , German director († 1960)
• April 26: Henri de Costier , French racing car driver († 1989)
• April 27: Frank Belknap Long , American author of horror, science fiction, fantasy stories († 1994)
• April 28: Weaver Warren Adams , American chess player and author († 1963)
• April 28: Ernst Roth , German politician († 1951)
• April 29: Kathrine Aurell , Swedish-Norwegian writer and screenwriter († 1986)
• April 29: Hirohito , Tennō of Japan († 1989)
• April 29: Clodwig Kapferer , German pioneer in the field of market research († 1997)
• April 29: Ceslas Spicq , French Roman Catholic clergyman and university professor († 1992)
• April 30: Simon Smith Kuznets , American economist, Nobel Laureate († 1985)
• April 30: György Orth , Hungarian football player and coach († 1962)

May

• 0May 1: Antal Szerb , Hungarian writer († 1945)
• 0May 2: Edouard Zeckendorf , Belgian amateur mathematician († 1983)
• 0May 2: Willi Bredel , German writer and President of the German Academy of the Arts († 1964)
• 0May 3: Gino Cervi , Italian film actor († 1974)
• 0May 3: Hugo Friedhofer , American film composer († 1981)
• 0May 4: Tominaga Tarō , Japanese writer († 1925)
• 0May 5: Blind Willie McTell , American blues musician († 1959)
• 0May 6: Fritz Levy , last Jew from Jever († 1982)
• 0May 6: Urs Küry , Christian Catholic Bishop of Switzerland († 1976)

Gary Cooper

• 0May 7: Gary Cooper , American actor († 1961)
• 0May 7: Marcel Poot , Belgian composer and professor († 1988)
• 0May 7: Walther Wüst , German orientalist, curator of the Research Association of German Ahnenerbe e. V. († 1993)
• 0May 9: Elmer Raguse , American sound engineer († 1972)
• 0May 9: Erik Olson , Swedish painter († 1986)
• May 10: John Desmond Bernal , British physicist († 1971)
• May 10: Otto Höfler , Austrian Germanist († 1987)
• May 10: Guy Dollfuss , French racing car driver († 1977)
• May 11: Edwin Arnet , Swiss writer and journalist († 1962)
• May 11: Rose Ausländer , German poet († 1988)
• May 13: William S. Beardsley , American politician († 1954)
• May 14: Robert Ritter , German National Socialist racial theorist († 1951)
• May 15: Dorothy Hansine Andersen , American pediatrician and pathologist († 1963)
• May 15: Kurt Meister , German actor, director, author and radio play speaker († 1961)
• May 15: Luis Monti , Argentine-Italian football player († 1983)
• May 16: Konrad Wachsmann , German architect and engineer of Jewish descent († 1980)
• May 16: Birch Monroe , American country musician († 1982)
• May 17: Werner Egk , German composer († 1983)
• May 18: Robert Ochsenfeld , German physicist († 1993)
• May 18: Vincent du Vigneaud , American biochemist († 1978)
• May 19: Franz Ackerl , Austrian university professor for geodesy and photogrammetry († 1988)
• May 19: Otto Ambros , German chemist († 1990)
• May 19: Kenneth Preston , British regatta sailor († 1995)
• May 19: Hans Soenius , German motorcycle racer († 1965)
• May 20: Max Euwe , Dutch chess player and 5th world chess champion († 1981)
• May 20: Otto Waldis , Austrian actor († 1974)
• May 21: Hermann Andersen , German politician († 1989)
• May 21: Sergei Konstantinowitsch Tumanski , Soviet engine designer († 1973)
• May 22: Maurice J. Tobin , American politician († 1953)
• May 23: Harri Bading , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 1981)
• May 23: Semjon Lwowitsch Ginsburg , Russian musicologist († 1978)
• May 23: Charles W. Morris , American semiotic († 1979)
• May 23: Edmund Rubbra , English composer († 1986)
• May 24: Arvid Harnack , German lawyer, economist and resistance fighter († 1942)
• May 25: Emilio Amero , Mexican painter, graphic artist and photographer († 1976)
• May 25: Otto Assmann , German politician († 1977)
• May 26: Bohumil Turek , Czechoslovak motorcycle and automobile racer († 1972)
• May 26: Walter Zirpins , German expert in the Reichstag fire trial in 1933 († 1976)
• May 27: Georg-August Zinn , German SPD politician and Prime Minister of Hesse († 1976)
• May 27: Joseph Wendel , Archbishop of Munich and Freising 1952 to 1960 († 1960)
• May 28: Karl Otto Stegmann , German motorcycle racer († 1930)
• May 29: Erich Friedrich , German politician († 1971)
• May 29: Hermann Kopf , German politician († 1991)
• May 30th: Mieczysław Fogg , Polish singer († 1990)
• May 30: Walter Felsenstein , Austrian-German director and from 1947 director of the Komische Oper, East Berlin († 1975)
• May 31: Franz Reichel , German architect and Nuremberg Culture Prize winner († 1965)
• May 31: Friedrich Werber , German politician († 1981)

June

• 0June 1: Joop ter Beek , Dutch football player († 1934)
• 0June 2: Franz Diener , German heavyweight boxer († 1969)
• 0June 2: Owen Saunders-Davies , British racing car driver († 1959)
• 0June 4: Rudolf Petershagen , commandant of the university town of Greifswald, politician of the GDR († 1969)
• 0June 5: Carl Joachim Friedrich , German-American constitutional law professor († 1984)
• 0June 5: Bruce Hutchison , Canadian writer and journalist († 1992)
• 0June 6: Anton Cromme , German politician († 1953)
• 0June 6: Helmuth Stieff , German major general and head of the Abwehr organizational group († 1944)

Sukarno

• 0June 6: Sukarno , Indonesian politician († 1970)
• 0June 7th: Laura Rodig , Chilean painter and sculptor († 1972)
• 0June 8: Ernst Mayer , German politician († 1952)
• 0June 9: Sammy Newsome , British racing car driver († 1970)
• June 10: Frederick Loewe , American composer († 1988)
• June 13: Emil Belzner , German journalist and writer († 1979)
• June 13: Tage Erlander , Swedish Prime Minister († 1985)
• June 13: Paul Fässler , Swiss football player († 1983)
• June 13: Michail Starokadomski , Russian composer († 1954)
• June 14: Werner Hausmann , Swiss actor, television presenter, author, radio play director and speaker († 1991)
• June 14: Heinrich Rempel , German prehistorian († 1978)
• June 15: Lutz Mackensen , German philologist and lexicographer († 1992)
• June 16: Conrad Beck , Swiss composer († 1989)
• June 16: Henri Lefebvre , French Marxist sociologist, intellectual and philosopher († 1991)
• June 16: Otto Waffenschmied , Austrian illustrator and comic artist († 1971)
• June 18: Anastasia Nikolajewna Romanowa , daughter of the last Russian tsar, Nicholas II († 1918)
• June 19: Herbert Krebs , German forester and hunting author († 1980)
• June 19: Erwin Henning , German painter († 1993)
• June 19: Piero Gobetti , Italian publicist, politician, anti-fascist († 1926)
• June 20: Willy Gebhardt , German editor and politician (SED) († 1973)
• June 20: Ernest White , Canadian organist and organ builder, choir director and music teacher († 1980)
• June 21: Red Dunn , American football player († 1957)
• June 22nd: Hans Hinkel , journalist and ministerial official († 1960)
• June 22nd: Luise Albertz , German politician († 1979)
• June 22nd: Luís Armando Rivera , Dominican composer, pianist and violinist († 1986)
• June 23: Franz Ruland , Saarland politician of the CVP († 1964)
• June 23: Otto Heckmann , German astronomer († 1983)
• June 23: Paul Verhoeven , German actor, director and theater director († 1975)
• June 24th: Marcel Mule , French saxophonist and composer († 2001)
• June 25: Chester Arthur Arnold , American paleobotanist and botanist († 1977)
• June 26: Jean Boyer , French director and screenwriter († 1965)
• June 26: Leon Raszeja , lawyer, younger brother of Franciszek Raszeja and Maksymilian Raszeja († 1939)
• June 27: Merle Antony Tuve , American physicist and geophysicist († 1982)
• June 27: Rudolf Zender , Swiss painter, graphic artist and draftsman († 1988)
• June 28: Kurt Helbig , German weightlifter († 1975)
• June 28: Alfred Müller-Armack , German economist and cultural sociologist († 1978)
• June 30: Niklot Beste , bishop in the GDR († 1987)
• June 30: Rex Waite , British Air Force officer († 1975)

July

• 0July 3: Ruth Crawford Seeger , American composer († 1953)
• 0July 5: Akashi Kaijin , Japanese poet († 1939)
• 0July 5: Ermenegildo Florit , Archbishop of Florence and Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1985)
• 0July 5th: Julio “Matador” Libonatti , Argentinian football player († 1981)
• 0July 5: Len Lye , New Zealand sculptor, artist, writer and filmmaker († 1980)
• 0July 5: Sergei Obraszow , Russian puppeteer († 1992)
• 0July 6: Roland Coty , French entrepreneur and racing car driver († 1963)
• 0July 6: Max Hinrichsen , German-British music publisher († 1965)
• 0July 7: Gustav Knuth , German actor († 1987)
• 0July 7th: Hans Kudszus , German aphorist († 1977)
• 0July 7: János Székely , Hungarian writer and screenwriter († 1958)
• 0July 9: Barbara Cartland , author of romantic literature († 2000)
• 0July 9: Erich Rammler , German process engineer († 1986)
• July 14: Gerald Finzi , English composer († 1956)
• July 15: Nicola Abbagnano , Italian philosopher († 1990)
• July 16: Franz Solan Schäppi , Swiss Capuchin and missionary scholar († 1981)
• July 16: Leon Shamroy , American cameraman and director († 1974)
• July 16: Oscar Schellbach , German life teacher and founder of mental positivism († 1970)
• July 17: Luigi Chinetti , Italian-American racing driver († 1994)
• July 17: Henri Germond , Swiss Protestant clergyman and university professor († 1985)
• July 18: Stanisław Mikołajczyk , Polish exile premiere († 1966)
• July 19: Claude Aveline , French writer († 1992)
• July 19: Rosa Jochmann , Austrian politician († 1994)
• July 21: William Charles Andrews , British film architect († 1986)
• July 21: Marta Astfalck-Vietz , German photographer and artist († 1994)
• July 21: Ovila Légaré , Canadian actor and singer-songwriter († 1978)
• July 21: Nyanaponika , German monk and Buddhist († 1994)
• July 22nd: Marcel Collet , French racing car driver († 1965)
• July 23: Doc Walsh , American country musician († 1967)
• July 24th: Konrad Pöhner , Bavarian entrepreneur, association president and Bavarian State Minister of Finance († 1974)
• July 25: Hans Herbert Schweitzer , Commissioner for Artistic Design in the Third Reich († 1980)
• July 26: Umberto Caligaris , Italian football player and coach († 1940)
• July 29th: Pancho Barnes , American stunt pilot in the film "Hells Angels" from 1929 († 1975)
• July 30: John A. Carroll , American politician († 1983)
• July 30th: Walter Oehmichen , founded the Augsburger Puppenkiste in 1948 († 1977)
• July 31: Lis Böhle , German dialect author († 1990)
• July 31: Jean Dubuffet , French painter and sculptor († 1985)
• July 31: Renié , American costume designer and Oscar winner († 1992)
• July 31: Rudolf Slánský , Czechoslovak General Secretary of the CP (KPČ) († 1952)

August

• 0August 2: Ignatius Kung Pin-Mei , Bishop of Shanghai and Cardinal († 2000)
• 0August 3: Enrico Glori , Italian actor († 1966)
• 0August 3: Stefan Wyszyński , Polish clergyman, long-time Primate v. Poland († 1981)
• 0August 4th: Renato Angiolillo , Italian journalist, politician and film director († 1973)

Louis Armstrong, 1953

• 0August 4: Louis Armstrong , American jazz trumpeter and singer († 1971)
• 0August 5: Margarita Abella Caprile , Argentine writer († 1960)
• 0August 6: Claude Autant-Lara , French film director († 2000)
• 0August 6: Dutch Schultz , American criminal († 1935)
• 0August 7: Konrad Heiden , German journalist and writer († 1966)
• 0August 8: Ernest O. Lawrence , American nuclear physicist († 1958)
• 0August 9: Felix Hurdes , Austrian politician, co-founder of the ÖVP († 1974)
• August 10: Mona Rüster , German table tennis player († 1976)
• August 11th: Guido Agosti , Italian pianist († 1989)
• August 11: Karl Schulz , German soccer player († 1971)
• August 12: Anton Lamprecht , German painter († 1984)
• August 14: William Hutchinson , British racing car driver († 1959)
• August 14: Franz Konwitschny , German conductor and Kapellmeister († 1962)
• August 14: Alice Rivaz , Swiss writer († 1998)
• August 14: Mercedes Comaposada , Spanish educator and anarchist († 1994)
• August 14: Paul Senn , Swiss photographer († 1953)
• August 15: Pierre Caron , French screenwriter, film director and producer († 1971)
• August 15: Arnulfo Arias , President of Panama († 1988)
• August 15: Hans Lorbeer , German writer († 1973)
• August 17th: Heðin Brú , Faroese writer († 1987)
• August 17: László Hartmann , Hungarian racing car driver († 1938)
• August 17th: Irena Kurpisz-Stefanowa , Polish pianist and music teacher († 1994)
• August 20: Salvatore Quasimodo , Italian poet and critic († 1968)
• August 21: Edward Thomas Copson , British mathematician († 1980)
• August 22: Dmitri Chechulin , Russian architect († 1981)
• August 23: Karl Bechert , German politician († 1981)
• August 25: Kjeld Abell , Danish writer († 1961)
• August 26: Chen Yi , Chinese army leader and politician († 1972)
• August 26: Maxwell Taylor , United States General and Diplomat († 1987)
• August 26th: Tullio Campagnolo , Italian cyclist, founder of Campagnolo († 1983)
• August 27: Ernst Wilm , German pastor and church functionary († 1989)
• August 27: Fritz Berg , entrepreneur, 1st BDI chairman after 1945 († 1979)
• August 27: Heinrich Hauser , German writer and photographer († 1955)
• August 27: Pierre Villon , Resistance member, founder of the newspaper L'Humanité, politician († 1980)
• August 30: Felix Abraham , German doctor († 1937 or 1938)
• August 30: Wilhelm Szabo , French poet, poet, author, translator and teacher († 1986)

September

• 0September 1: Bolesław Filipiak , Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church († 1978)
• 0September 1: Theodor Maunz , German administrative lawyer († 1993)
• 0September 2: Adolph Rupp , American basketball coach († 1977)
• 0September 2: Else Meidner , German graphic artist and painter († 1987)
• 0September 3: José Bohr , singer, composer, actor and director († 1994)
• 0September 3: AE Johann , journalist, writer († 1996)
• 0September 4: Ahmet Kutsi Tecer , Turkish poet and politician († 1967)
• 0September 4th: William Lyons , founder of the Jaguar car brand († 1985)
• 0September 6: Wildcat Wilson , American football player († 1963)
• 0September 8: Harold Joseph Connolly , Canadian journalist and Prime Minister († 1980)
• 0September 8: William Oliver , British city commander († 1981)
• 0September 8: Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd , South African sociologist and politician († 1966)
• 0September 9: Lev Schubnikow , Russian physicist († 1937)
• September 11th: Hans Mühlenfeld , German politician († 1969)
• September 11: Joachim Maass , German writer and poet († 1972)
• September 12: Ernst Pepping , German composer († 1981)
• September 12: Ramón Serrano Súñer , Spanish politician († 2003)
• September 13: Walter Menzel , German politician († 1963)
• September 14: Andrei Andreevich Vlasov , Russian general († 1946)
• September 14: Arthur Welti , Swiss radio pioneer († 1961)
• September 15: Walter Bader , German archaeologist and monument protector († 1986)
• September 15: Alfred Gille , German politician († 1971)
• September 15: Liselotte Welskopf-Henrich , German writer and ancient historian († 1979)
• September 16: Hans Joachim Breustedt , German painter and graphic artist († 1984)
• September 17: Karl Albert Aberle , German publisher and politician († 1963)
• September 17th: Francis Chichester , British circumnavigator and aviator († 1972)
• September 17: Gunnar Kalén , Swedish motorcycle racer († 1934)
• September 19: Ludwig von Bertalanffy , Austrian biologist and naturalist († 1972)
• September 19: Hermann Heimpel , German historian († 1988)
• September 20: Rudolf Brunngraber , Austrian writer, journalist, painter († 1960)
• September 20: Gus Edson , American cartoonist and comic artist († 1966)
• September 21: Georg Rasch , Danish statistician († 1980)
• September 21: Hans Hansen Palmus , Low German local poet († 1989)
• September 22: Charles Brenton Huggins , Canadian-American surgeon († 1997)
• September 22: Pieter Muntendam , Dutch doctor and politician († 1986)
• September 23: Jaroslav Seifert , Czech writer († 1986)
• September 23: Ruth Andreas-Friedrich , resistance fighter against National Socialism, writer († 1977)
• September 24: Alexandra Adler , neurologist, psychiatrist and specialist in brain trauma († 2001)
• September 24: Georg Appell , German politician († 1970)
• September 25: Robert Bresson , French film director († 1999)
• September 25: Carlos Suffern , Argentine composer († 1991)
• September 26: Edith Potter , American pathologist († 1993)
• September 26: George Raft , American actor († 1980)
• September 27: Alexander Camaro , German painter († 1992)
• September 27: Verda James , American politician († 1991)
• September 28: Kurt Friedrichs , German-American mathematician († 1982)

Enrico Fermi

• September 29: Enrico Fermi , Italian nuclear physicist († 1954)
• September 28: Ed Sullivan , American entertainer and presenter († 1974)
• September 29: Lanza del Vasto , Italian philosopher and poet († 1981)
• September 30: Paul Thalmann , Swiss author and resistance fighter in the Spanish Civil War († 1980)
• September 30th: Oskar Ritter , German soccer player († 1985)

October

• 0October 1: José Leandro Andrade , Uruguayan football player († 1957)
• 0October 2: Walther Aeschbacher , Swiss conductor and composer († 1969)
• 0October 2: Thomas Henry Raymond Ashton , British peer and politician († 1983)
• 0October 2: Alice Prin , French singer, actress, model and painter († 1953)
• 0October 3: Jean Grémillon , French film director († 1959)
• 0October 4: Alfred von Beckerath , German composer and conductor († 1978)
• 0October 4: Tex Hamer , American football player († 1981)
• 0October 5: John Alton , American cinematographer, Oscar winner († 1996)
• 0October 6: Harry Adaskin , Canadian violinist and music teacher († 1994)
• 0October 6: Leslie John S. Arliss , British screenwriter and film director († 1987)
• 0October 6: Wolfgang Langhoff , German actor, director and communist († 1966)
• 0October 7: Murano Shirō , Japanese poet († 1975)
• 0October 8: Mark Oliphant , Australian physicist († 2000)
• 0October 9: Jack Dunfee , British racing car driver († 1975)
• October 10: Alberto Giacometti , Swiss sculptor († 1966)
• October 11: Emil Hlobil , Czech composer and music teacher († 1987)
• October 12: Gabriel-Marie Garrone , Archbishop of Toulouse and Cardinal († 1994)
• October 12: Hanns Seidel , German politician († 1961)
• October 12: Reinhold Rehs , German politician († 1971)
• October 14: Otto Busch , German organist, composer and music teacher († 1985)
• October 14: Harry Stuhldreher , American football player and coach († 1965)

Hermann Josef Abs, 1970s

• October 15: Hermann Josef Abs , German bank manager († 1994)
• October 15: Bernard von Brentano , German writer and journalist († 1964)
• October 15: Franz Hartl , Austrian politician († 1970)
• October 16: Fritz von Ameln , German politician († 1970)
• October 16: Federico Munerati , Italian soccer player († 1980)
• October 20: Frank Churchill , American film music composer († 1942)
• October 20: Adelaide Hall , jazz singer († 1993)
• October 21: Margarete Buber-Neumann , German publicist († 1989)
• October 22: Jakob Annasohn , Swiss Chief of Staff († 1983)
• October 22nd: Gustav Scheck , German flautist and director of the Freiburg University of Music from 1946 to 1964 († 1984)
• October 23: Albert Johann Anthony , German internist and university professor († 1947)
• October 23: Willy Minz , honorary professor at the University of Cologne († 1972)
• October 25: Ike Mahoney , American football player († 1961)
• October 26: Herman Auerbach , Polish mathematician († 1942)
• October 28: Franz Miltner , Austrian ancient historian and archaeologist († 1959)
• October 29: Daniil Alexandrovich Amfiteatrow , Russian-American composer, orchestra conductor and film composer († 1983)
• October 29: Ana Vela Rubio , Spanish age record holder († 2017)
• October 31: Cornelis Gijsbert Gerrit Jan van Steenis , Dutch botanist († 1986)
• October 31: Claude Perry , American football player († 1975)

November

• 0November 1: Hans Heinz Stuckenschmidt , music critic († 1988)
• 0November 3: André Malraux , French writer and politician († 1976)

Leopold III.

• 0November 3: Leopold III. , King of the Belgians († 1983)
• 0November 4: Spyridon Marinatos , Greek archaeologist († 1974)
• 0November 5: Bruno Goller , German painter († 1998)
• 0November 5: Kaionji Chōgorō , Japanese writer († 1977)
• 0November 6th: Kathleen Mary Drew-Baker , British algologist († 1957)
• 0November 7th: Cecília Meireles , Brazilian poet and journalist († 1964)
• 0November 8th: Gustave Antoine Abel , Austrian cave explorer († 1988)
• 0November 8: Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej , Romanian politician and President († 1965)
• 0November 9: Eduard Marks , German actor, drama teacher and radio play speaker († 1981)
• November 10: Paul Smets , German musicologist, bell and organ expert († 1960)
• November 11: Magda Goebbels , wife of Joseph Goebbels († 1945)
• November 11: Richard Lindner , American painter of German origin († 1978)
• November 12: Adolfo Mengotti , Swiss football player († 1984)
• November 15: Gerhard Leibholz , German lawyer († 1982)
• November 15: Stanisław Szpinalski , Polish pianist and music teacher († 1957)
• November 16: Fred von Hoerschelmann , German writer and radio play author († 1976)
• November 17th: Lee Strasberg , co-founder of the 1931 "Group Theater" († 1982)
• November 17: Walter Hallstein , German politician and lawyer († 1982)
• November 17: Ivan Pyrjew , Soviet film director († 1968)
• November 19: Tadeusz Adamowski , Polish ice hockey player and coach († 1994)
• November 19: Nina Bari , Russian mathematician († 1961)
• November 19: Berta Drews , German actress († 1987)
• November 19: Otway Herbert , British officer († 1984)
• November 20: José Leandro Andrade , Uruguayan football player († 1957)
• November 21: Thawan Thamrongnawasawat , Thai politician and Prime Minister († 1988)
• November 22nd: Joaquín Rodrigo , Spanish composer († 1999)
• November 23: Marieluise Fleißer , German writer († 1974)
• November 24th: Hans Eiden , German politician and resistance fighter († 1950)
• November 24th: Friedrich Heinrichsen , German type artist († 1980)
• November 24: William Henry Vanderbilt III , American politician († 1981)
• November 25: Rudolf Höß , German commander of the Auschwitz extermination camp († 1947)
• November 25: Adele Kern , German opera and operetta singer († 1980)
• November 25: Arthur Liebehenschel , German National Socialist († 1948)
• November 25: Tibor Serly , Hungarian composer († 1978)
• November 28: Edwina Mountbatten, Countess Mountbatten of Burma , wife of the last Viceroy of India († 1960)
• November 28: Walter Havighurst , American writer and historian († 1994)
• November 28: Robert Urquhart , British officer († 1988)
• November 29: Rudolf Bäumer , German politician († 1973)
• November 30: Erich Burck , German classical philologist († 1994)

December

• 0December 2: Ida Friederike Görres , writer († 1971)
• 0December 2: Raimundo Bibian Mumo Orsi , Argentine-Italian football player († 1986)
• 0December 4th: Michail Rafailowitsch Rauchwerger , Russian composer († 1989)

Walt Disney, 1954

• 0December 5th: Walt Disney , American animated film producer, inventor of Mickey Mouse and Co († 1966)
• 0December 5: Hanns Jelinek , Austrian composer and music teacher († 1969)
• 0December 5: Franz Königshofer , Austrian composer and professor († 1970)

Werner Heisenberg, 1933

• 0December 5: Werner Heisenberg , physicist, Nobel Prize winner († 1976)
• 0December 5: Henri Trébor , French racing car driver († 1969)
• 0December 7th: Lily Abegg , Swiss journalist and author († 1974)
• 0December 7th: Robert Bach , German politician and Member of the Bundestag († 1976)
• 0December 7th: Annemarie Marks-Rocke , German actress († 2004)
• 0December 9: Ödön von Horváth , Austrian writer († 1938)
• 0December 9: Lawrence Edward Watkin , American writer and screenwriter († 1981)
• December 10: Karandasch , Russian clown († 1983)
• December 12: Howard Koch , American screenwriter († 1995)
• December 12: Jean Rudolf von Salis , Swiss historian, writer and publicist († 1996)
• December 12: Paul Sethe , German publicist and journalist († 1967)
• December 13: Friedrich Gschweidl , Austrian soccer player and coach († 1970)
• December 14: Paul , King of Greece (from 1947 to 1964) († 1964)
• December 16: Margaret Mead , American anthropologist and ethnologist († 1978)
• December 17th: Friedrich Damann Andam , German writer, screenwriter and film manager († 1969)
• December 18: Francis J. Myers , American politician († 1956)
• December 19: Rudolf Hell , German inventor († 2002)
• December 19: Kurt Friedrich , German motorcycle racer († 1995)
• December 19: Oliver La Farge , American anthropologist and author († 1963)
• December 20: Robert Jemison Van de Graaff , American physicist († 1967)
• December 21: Abraham Meister , German Protestant theologian, Bible teacher and Bible translator († 1990)
• December 22nd: Fritz Gils , German artist († 1957)
• December 23: Jakub Berman , Polish Stalinist politician († 1984)
• December 24th: Otto Basil , Austrian writer, publicist and journalist († 1983)
• December 24th: Enrique Mejía Arredondo , Dominican composer and conductor († 1951)
• December 25: Alice, Duchess of Gloucester , aunt of Queen Elizabeth II († 2004)
• December 25th: Eduard Bargheer , German painter († 1979)
• December 25: Milada Horáková , Czechoslovak women's rights activist († 1950)

Marlene Dietrich, 1933

• December 27: Marlene Dietrich , German-American actress and singer († 1992)
• December 27: Stanley William Hayter , British painter and printmaker († 1988)
• December 28: Thomas Cooray , Archbishop of Colombo and Cardinal († 1988)
• December 31: Lionel Daunais , Canadian singer, opera director and composer († 1982)

Exact date of birth unknown

• Sabih Arca , Turkish football player and official († 1979)
• Roland Gregory Austin , British classical philologist († 1974)
• Ghulam Mohammad Farhad , Afghan politician († 1984)
• Rudolph Sauerwein , German racing car driver († 1956)
• André Trottier , Canadian singer (bass) (date of death unknown)

Died

First quarter

• 0January 1: CW Damodaram Pillai , Tamil philologist (* 1832)
• 0January 1: Ignatius Donnelly , American lawyer and politician (* 1831)
• 0January 1: Sophus Schandorph , Danish writer (* 1836)
• 0January 6: James W. Bradbury , American politician (* 1802)
• January 11: Vasily Kalinnikow , Russian composer (* 1866)
• January 13: Jules Cohen , French composer and organist (* 1830)
• January 14: Charles Hermite , French mathematician (* 1822)
• January 15: Gottlieb Viehe , German Protestant missionary (* 1839)
• January 16: Arnold Böcklin , Swiss painter, draftsman, graphic artist and sculptor (* 1827)
• January 16: Hiram Rhodes Revels , American politician (* 1827)
• January 17th: Jacob Georg Agardh , Swedish botanist (* 1813)
• January 19: Bernhard Danckelmann , German forest official and forest scientist (* 1831)
• January 20: Zénobe Gramme , Belgian electrician and designer (* 1826)
• January 21: Elisha Gray , American teacher, inventor and entrepreneur (* 1835)
• January 22nd: Victoria , Queen of Great Britain (* 1819)

Giuseppe Verdi, ca.1870

• January 27: Giuseppe Verdi , Italian composer (* 1813)
• 0February 7th: Oskar Schlömilch , German mathematician (* 1823)
• 0February 8: Bernhard Schwarz , German Africa explorer (* 1844)
• February 10: Max von Pettenkofer , German chemist and hygienist (* 1818)
• February 11: Ramón de Campoamor y Campoosorio , Spanish poet and politician (* 1817)
• February 11th: Milan I. Obrenović , Serbian King (* 1854)
• February 11th: Henry Willis , English organ builder (* 1821)
• February 14: Edward Stafford , Prime Minister of New Zealand (* 1819)
• February 15: Karl Gottfried Mäser , German Mormon theologian and educator (* 1828)
• February 15: Gustav Hermann Schulze , Saxon lawyer, counselor, historian and local researcher of Upper Lusatia (* 1833)
• February 16: Truman Everts , American researcher (* 1816)
• February 21: Emil Hübner , German classical philologist and epigraphist (* 1834)
• February 22: Charles David Anderson , American plantation owner, businessman, lawyer and general (* 1827)
• February 22nd: George Francis FitzGerald , Irish philosopher (* 1851)
• February 22nd: Georg Friedrich Steinmeyer , German organ builder (* 1819)
• February 26: Léonce Cohen , French composer (* 1829)
• 0March 1: Karl Gustav Ackermann , German politician (* 1820)
• 0March 1: Bernhard Erdmannsdörffer , German historian (* 1833)
• 0March 5: Karl Biedermann , German politician and professor (* 1812)

Benjamin Harrison

• March 13: Benjamin Harrison , 23rd President of the USA (* 1833)
• March 13: Max Georg Schubert , German industrialist (* 1840)
• March 31st: John Stainer , English organist and composer (* 1840)

Second quarter

• 0April 1: Ernst Andolt , German writer, lawyer and politician (* 1826)
• 0April 4: George Thomas Anderson , American general (* 1824)
• April 15: Václav Brožík , Czech painter (* 1851)
• April 15: Leopold Magenbauer , Romanian-German composer, choir director and teacher (* 1834)
• April 16: Henry Augustus Rowland , American physicist (* 1848)
• April 18: James Monroe Deems , American composer and brigadier-general in the Civil War (* 1818)
• April 20: Charles C. Stockley , American politician (* 1819)
• April 30: Franz Susemihl , German classical philologist (* 1826)
• 0May 5: Mariano Ignacio Prado , from 1865 to 1868 and 1876 to 1879 Peruvian President (* 1826)
• 0May 7th: Fritze Bollmann , Original (* 1852)
• May 10: Georg Christian Dieffenbach , German pastor and poet (* 1822)
• May 19: Marthinus Wessel Pretorius , first President of the South African Republic (* 1819)
• May 30th: Victor D'Hondt , Belgian lawyer (* 1841)
• June 11: William J. Samford , American politician (* 1844)
• June 13: Leopoldo Alas , Spanish writer (* 1852)
• June 13: Arthur Sturgis Hardy , Canadian politician (* 1837)
• June 18: Josip Murn , Slovenian poet (* 1879)
• June 19: Person Colby Cheney , American politician (* 1828)
• June 20: Alexander Forrest , Australian explorer and explorer (* 1849)
• June 28: Henry Appia , Swiss Protestant clergyman (* 1861)

Third quarter

• 0July 1: Viktor von Grumbkow , Prussian major general (* 1849)
• 0July 1: James H. Kyle , American politician (* 1854)
• 0July 2: Theodor Arndt , German theologian (* 1850)
• 0July 2: Heinrich Xaver Sieger , German entrepreneur (* 1849)
• 0July 4th: Johannes Schmidt , German linguist (* 1843)
• 0July 6th: Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst , German statesman (* 1819)

Johanna Spyri

• 0July 7th: Johanna Spyri , Swiss writer (* 1827)
• July 12: Federico Errázuriz Echaurren , Chilean politician (* 1850)
• July 12: Richard B. Hubbard , American politician (* 1832)
• July 18: Alfredo Piatti , Italian cello virtuoso and composer (* 1822)
• July 21: Félix Joseph Henri de Lacaze-Duthiers , French physiologist and zoologist (* 1821)
• July 21: Isaak Mautner , Bohemian textile industrialist (* 1824)
• July 22nd: Alfred Agricola , German Imperial Judge (* 1824)
• July 29th: Adolf Bleichert , German entrepreneur and pioneer of cable car construction (* 1845)
• July 30: Herbert Baxter Adams , American historian and university professor (* 1850)
• July 30th: Richard Felix von Arnim , Prussian officer (* 1831)
• 0August 5: Empress Victoria , Prussian Queen and German Empress (* 1840)
• 0August 8: Ferdinand Christian Gustav Arnold , German botanist (* 1828)
• 0August 8: William A. Newell , American politician (* 1817)
• August 10: Otto von Faber du Faur , German battle painter and officer (* 1828)
• August 12: Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld , Finnish-Swedish polar explorer (* 1832)
• August 15: Karl Weinhold , German Germanist (* 1823)
• August 17th: Edmond Audran , French organist and composer (* 1840)
• August 19: Josef Kaizl , Czech politician (* 1854)
• August 21: Adolf Fick , German physiologist (* 1829)
• August 24: Gunnar Wennerberg , Swedish poet, composer, civil servant and politician (* 1817)
• August 27: Rudolf Haym , German philosopher and literary historian (* 1821)
• August 28: William Black Anderson , American politician (* 1830)
• August 29: Charles A. Busiel , American politician (* 1842)
• 0September 8: Johannes von Miquel , Prussian politician and reformer (* 1828)
• 0September 9: Georg Wilhelm Schulze , German pastor (* 1829)
• 0September 9: Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper , German botanist and university professor (* 1856)

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

• 0September 9: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec , French painter (* 1864)
• September 14: William McKinley , 25th President of the USA (* 1843)
• September 14: Heinrich Weidt , German composer, conductor and choir director (* 1824)
• September 15: Carl Philipp Euler , German gymnastics teacher and writer (* 1828)
• September 22nd: Ignacy Maciejowski , Polish writer, playwright and literary critic (* 1835)
• September 23: Alfred Pernice , Professor of Roman Law (* 1841)

Fourth Quarter

• 0October 1: Abdur Rahman Khan , Emir of Afghanistan (* 1844)
• 0October 4: Georg Sibbern , Norwegian politician and diplomat (* 1816)
• October 10: Lorenzo Snow , President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (* 1814)
• October 12: Georg Kaibel , German classical philologist (* 1849)
• October 15: Ida Seele , German kindergarten teacher at the Froebel kindergarten (* 1825)
• October 17th: Michał Bałucki , Polish writer (* 1837)
• October 23: Georg von Siemens , German banker (* 1839)
• October 26: Alfred Tysoe , British athlete and Olympic champion (* 1874)
• October 28: Paul Rée , German philosopher, empiricist (* 1849)
• October 29: Leon Czolgosz , American worker and assassin of Polish origin (* 1873)
• 0November 6: Kate Greenaway , English watercolor painter and illustrator of children's books (* 1846)
• 0November 9th: Halil Rifat Pasha , Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (* 1827)
• November 14: James Henry Mapleson , English opera impresario (* 1830)
• November 16: Martin Blumner , German composer and music theorist (* 1827)
• November 20: Ludwig Helfenstein , German lawyer, university professor, journalist and politician (* 1825)
• November 21: Adolf Brecher , German educator and historian (* 1836)
• November 23: Cella Thoma , painter and wife of the painter Hans Thoma (* 1858)
• November 24th: Heinrich Urban , German composer, violinist and music teacher (* 1837)
• November 25: Josef Gabriel Rheinberger , Liechtenstein composer (* 1839)
• November 28: Heinrich Gottfried Philipp Gengler , German legal historian, privy councilor and university professor (* 1817)
• November 29: Francisco Pi i Margall , a Spanish politician, writer and President of the First Spanish Republic (* 1824)
• November 29: Davis Waite , American politician (* 1825)
• November 30th: Albrecht Weber , German Indologist and historian (* 1825)
• 0December 3: Theodor von Lerber , Swiss educator and school founder (* 1823)
• 0December 9th: Auguste Arens von Braunrasch , German writer (* 1824)
• December 13th: Johann Diepenbrock , German organ builder (* 1854)
• December 15: Elias Álvares Lôbo , Brazilian composer (* 1834)
• December 16: William Gregory , American politician (* 1849)
• December 17th: Josep Manyanet i Vives , saint, Spanish priest and founder of the order (* 1833)
• December 31: Max Adamo , German history painter and illustrator (* 1837)

Web links

Commons : 1901  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : 1901  - album containing pictures, videos and audio files

• https://www.dhm.de/lemo/jahreschronik/1901/ (Living virtual museum online)