Josef Martin Bauer

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Josef Martin Bauer (born March 11, 1901 in Taufkirchen (Vils) , † March 15, 1970 in Dorfen ) was a German writer and radio play author . He was the father of the German art historian Hermann Bauer .

Life

Before 1945

Josef Martin Bauer was the son of a master baker. He attended the Benedictine high school in Scheyern , graduated from high school in 1920 and then became a theologian . However, he did not take up the theology studies intended for him and then managed to get by with various odd jobs until he became editor in 1927 and later editor at the local newspaper in Dorfen. In 1929 his son, the later art historian Hermann Bauer, was born. For his first novel , the Siedlerroman Achtsiedel , Bauer received the "Youth Prize of German Narrators" in 1930. This laid the foundation for his career as a writer, in which he mainly dealt with subjects from rural life. Both Achtsiedel (1930) and the following, before the "two seizure published" Hitler texts The Notthaften (1931) and The Salt Road (1932) are of völkischem influenced ideas. Bauer also achieved success as a radio play author. B. with the work The Eternal Farmer, which is entirely dedicated to the blood-and-soil ideology (first broadcast: September 19, 1933) and the play The Dead Heart (1938). Although Bauer was critical of the NSDAP - at least before the “seizure of power” - he was true to the line in the literary field during the Nazi era . His ideology-compliant literary work was honored with the price of the narrator competition of the magazine die neue linie (1933), with the novella price of the XX. Century (1941) and with the culture prize for rural literature (1944). In 1938 he won first prize in the radio play competition of the Reich broadcaster Leipzig.

From 1934 Bauer belonged to the Reichsschrifttumskammer (RSK) and the National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV) ; on May 1, 1937, he joined the NSDAP .

Bauer was drafted into military service with the mountain troops during World War II and, at his own request, was also used for Wehrmacht propaganda . The Nazi party publisher Rather published the war propaganda texts Unterm Edelweiss in Yugoslavia (1941), Unterm Edelweiss in Ukraine (1943) and Späh-Trupp vor (1943). Die Kraniche der Nogaia (1942) was published by Piper-Verlag. According to the Nazi ideology, racist- hierarchical thought patterns are represented in these texts when, for example, the “master man”, the “good, war-tested, honest German soldier” fights against the Russian “subhumans”, against “crouched, creeping animals”. In 1942 Bauer was involved in the militarily senseless, but propagandistic, ascent of Elbrus in the Caucasus. He described this episode in his war diary, Caucasian Adventure , which was not published until 1950. In October 1944 - at this point in time, Bauer was also writing for the Völkischer Beobachter - he was released from active military service.

After 1945

When Bauer was asked to assign himself to one of the five categories in the course of the denazification proceedings initiated against him in 1946 , he classified himself as a “fellow traveler” (group IV). He argued, among other things, that he had been accepted into the NSDAP without filing an application and that joining the Wehrmacht had seen him as an opportunity "to flee from the unbearable political life" and from literary appropriation by the Nazi regime. Although these allegations contradicted Bauer's application, dated May 25, 1937, for admission to the NSDAP and his application for a place in the propaganda company , and a witness identified him as an "active Nazi", the verdict chamber also ordered him on the basis of this several so-called Persilscheine finally to group IV of the "followers".

In his most famous novel As Far as Your Feet Carries (1955), Bauer retells the story of a returnees who returned from Russia, which was long believed to be true . The book was filmed twice and translated into 15 languages. The name of the novel and film hero is Clemens Forell, first lieutenant in the Wehrmacht. In truth it was about the story of the alleged German Wehrmacht officer Cornelius Rost from Munich , b. on March 27, 1919 in Kufstein , trained repro technician. In 1949 he is said to have escaped from a prisoner-of-war camp on Cape Deschnew in the far northeast of Siberia. There he had to work in a lead mine. After a three-year, high-risk and adventurous escape, he made his way over 14,000 km to Iran and arrived back in his hometown of Munich the day before Christmas Eve 1952.

Bauer found out about this case from the Munich publisher Franz Ehrenwirth and recognized it as suitable material for a book. Rost shared the story with his author Bauer. Rost died on October 18, 1983 in Munich, an allegedly broken man who lived in constant fear of persecution by the KGB . Due to contractual assurances, Bauer was never allowed to reveal his real name. In three broadcasts on Bayerischer Rundfunk on April 2nd, 3rd and 4th, 2010, the journalist Arthur Dittlmann came to the conclusion after many years of research that Rost's descriptions, apart from further improbabilities of a factual nature, cannot correspond to the truth; so he had neither been an officer nor returned home in 1952, but as early as 1947. The tapes discussed by Rost were given to the Institute for Contemporary History .

Until his death on March 15, 1970 in Dorfen , Bauer wrote numerous radio plays in addition to novels, short stories, short stories and factual texts. He is considered one of the most important radio play authors of his generation in Germany. The first radio play he wrote after the war was The Interrogation of Judas Ischariotes , in which Werner Hessenland , Kurt Lieck and René Deltgen played the main roles. Other well-known productions included a. The credible liar (1953) and The thing with Fadenherr (1954) with Gunnar Möller , Ludwig Linkmann and Annemarie Schradiek . The radio play Geronimo and the Robbers , first produced in 1951 , was filmed for television in 1966 by director Arthur Maria Rabenalt . He also directed the 13-part television series Auf gut bairisch with Ludwig Schmid-Wildy and Fritz Straßner .

The writer also received other honors after the war, such as being made an honorary citizen of the city of Dorfen (1951). Meyerdierks (2018) states that it was only on the occasion of the author's 100th birthday that voices were heard "which, in view of his role in the 'Third Reich', called for a critical examination of the writer's person and work".

After an old age heart attack, he went blind.

Awards and honors

  • 1930: German storyteller's youth award
  • 1933: Prize of the narrator competition of the magazine die neue linie
  • 1941: Novella Prize of the XX. Century
  • 1944: Culture award for rural literature (10,000 RM)
  • 1951: Honorary citizen of the city of Dorfen
  • 1959: Bavarian Order of Merit
  • 1961: Ring of honor of the district of Erding
  • 1964: Bavarian poet thaler

Works (selection)

Cover of an early edition of the book
  • Achtsiedel. 1931.
  • The distressed. Piper, Munich 1931.
  • The Salt Road. 1932.
  • The house at the foal market. 1936.
  • The heart, story of a friendship. 1940.
  • The girl on Stachet . Piper, Munich 1940.
  • Under the edelweiss in Yugoslavia. From the experiences of a mountain division . Rather, Munich 1941.
  • The cranes of the Nogaia. War diary. Piper, Munich 1942.
  • Under edelweiss in Ukraine . A mountain division fighting against Soviet Russia. Rather, Munich 1943.
  • Scout troop ahead. From the use of a Pz.AA in Holland, Belgium and France in 1940 . Rather, Munich 1943.
  • Caucasian adventure. War Diary 1950th
  • As far as your feet can carry . 1955.
  • Crane with the stone. 1958.
  • The slope. 1960.
  • Man on the wall. 1962.

Film adaptations

His book As Far as Your Feet Carries has been filmed twice.

  1. 1959: Six-part television film directed by Fritz Umgelter , with Heinz Weiss (Forell), Wolfgang Büttner , Hans Epskamp and Hans E. Schons .
  2. 2001: Feature film directed by Hardy Martins , with Bernhard Bettermann (Forell), Michael Mendl and Anatoly Kotenyov .

Radio plays

In 1956, the WDR produced So Far den Fußführung as an 8-part radio play. Franz Zimmermann directed the film . The most important speakers included Wolfgang Wahl (Forell), Raoul Wolfgang Schnell , Kurt Lieck , Walter Richter and Heinz Schimmelpfennig .

Other productions:

  • 1933: The eternal farmer.
  • 1938: the dead heart.
  • 1950: The interrogation of Judas Ischariotes - Director: Wilhelm Semmelroth
  • 1950: The Dead Heart - Director: Ludwig Cremer
  • 1950: The Rumor - Director: Karlheinz Schilling
  • 1950: The just Mr. Boll - Director: Fritz Schröder-Jahn
  • 1950: The Citizens of Bethlehem - Director: Ludwig Cremer
  • 1950: Peasant Legend - Director: Paul Land
  • 1950: Here Kellermann - Director: Detlof Krüger
  • 1951: Geronimo and the robbers - Director: Fritz Schröder-Jahn
  • 1951: The shadow of a straw or The new time is here - Director: Walter Knaus
  • 1951: About year and day - Director: Otto Kurth
  • 1951: Weiberwirtschaft or The Foolish Virgins - Director: Theodor Steiner
  • 1951: The splendor and end of the Asumara Republic - Director: Karl Peter Biltz
  • 1951: Academy of Creation - Director: Gert Westphal
  • 1951: Geronimo and the Robbers - Director: Not known
  • 1952: The days are numbered - Director: Gerd Beermann
  • 1952: One carries the other's burden - Director: Ludwig Cremer
  • 1952: The people of Oberwasser - Director: Oskar Nitschke
  • 1952: The King of Albania - Director: Fritz Schröder-Jahn
  • 1952: The tax return - directed by Gustav Burmester
  • 1952: The omnibus is below - Director: Wilhelm Semmelroth
  • 1953: The just Mr. Boll - Director: Alois Garg
  • 1953: You shouldn't play with wolves - Director: Peter Glas
  • 1953: The greatest adventurer of the century - Director: Karl Peter Biltz
  • 1953: Geronimo and the Robbers - Director: Paul Land
  • 1953: Geronimo and the robbers - Director: Theodor Steiner
  • 1953: The Credible Liar - Director: Fritz Schröder-Jahn
  • 1954: The thing with Fadenherr - Director: Kurt Reiss
  • 1954: Shots in Sarajevo (3 parts) - Director: Oswald Döpke
  • 1954: Money or Life - Director: Ulrich Lauterbach
  • 1954: The wine tavern "Zum Auge Gottes" - Director: Gustav Burmester
  • 1955: Glory and End of the Asumara Republic - Director: Paul Land
  • 1955: The City of the Righteous - Director: Wolfgang Spier
  • 1955: Dr. Dr. Hippolyt Leibetseder - Director: Helmut Brennicke
  • 1956: The faithful maid Christa - director: Fränze Roloff
  • 1957: The Black Suit - Director: Wilhelm Semmelroth
  • 1957: Sand am Meer - Director: Egon Monk
  • 1957: It happened in ... Canada ; Episode: Freight cleared - Director: Ludwig Cremer
  • 1958: It happened in ... Northern Germany; Episode: Fideles Prison - Director: Kurt Meister
  • 1958: It happened in the ... Karawanken; Episode: Grenzgänger - Director: Otto Kurth
  • 1958: It happened in ... Thuringia; Episode: The King of Erfurt - Director: Kurt Meister
  • 1958: It happened in ... Austria; Episode: The Major von Köpenick - Director: Friedhelm Ortmann
  • 1958: The new time is here - Director: Viktor Lenz
  • 1959: The Credible Liar - Director: Viktor Lenz
  • 1959: The trip to Styria - Director: Edmund Steinberger
  • 1959: It happened in ... England; Episode: The Man with the Briefcase - Director: Otto Kurth
  • 1959: It happened in ... Italy; Episode: A Funny Bird - Director: Hermann Pfeiffer
  • 1960: An der Straße - Director: Not specified
  • 1960: It happened in ... Lower Silesia; Episode: Glasperlen - Director: Hermann Pfeiffer
  • 1960: It happened in ... Serbia; Episode: The Brothers from Macedonia - Director: Otto Kurth
  • 1960: Geronimo and the robbers - Director: Heinz-Günter Stamm
  • 1960: It happened ... in Kyrgyzstan; Episode: A poor chicken - Director: Otto Kurth
  • 1960: The Coat of Love - Director: Gustav Burmester
  • 1961: Francis of Assisi. - Director: Otto Kurth
  • 1961: It happened in ... Southern Germany; Result: Simon Parblinger's overtime - Director: Heinz Dieter Köhler
  • 1961: It happened in ... Russia; Episode: The District Judge - Director: Edward Rothe
  • 1962: The Engagement - Director: Friedhelm Ortmann
  • 1962: One who remained a stranger - Director: Otto Kurth
  • 1962: The Foolish Youth - Director: Otto Düben
  • 1963: The miraculous picture of the Madonna - Director: Otto Kurth
  • 1964: The Train - Director: Jörg Jannings
  • 1965: There is a way across water - Director: Edmund Steinberger
  • 1965: White Puppets - Director: Fritz Schröder-Jahn
  • 1966: The Spielmann - Director: Walter Ohm
  • 1968: Man Adam Deigl and the authorities - Director: Edmund Steinberger

Radio play adaptations:

literature

  • Josef Martin Bauer: Under the edelweiss in the Ukraine . In: Renate Meurer, Reinhard Meurer: Texts of National Socialism. Examples, analyzes, suggestions for work. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, Munich 1982, ISBN 3-48684061-4 , pp. 26-28.
  • Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, pp. 23–43.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, p. 27.
  2. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, p. 30f.
  3. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, pp. 26, 28f.
  4. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, p. 29.
  5. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, p. 29f.
  6. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, p. 34.
  7. ^ Josef Martin Bauer: Under the edelweiss in the Ukraine. A mountain division fighting against Soviet Russia . Ed. V. Egid Gehring. Munich: Rather 1943, p. 11f. Quoted in Meyerdierks (2018), p. 37.
  8. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, p. 35.
  9. ^ Declaration by Josef Martin Bauer. SprKA Bauer. StAM. Quoted in Meyerdierks (2018), p. 39.
  10. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, pp. 30, 38f.
  11. ↑ A World Success - Poetry and Truth ( Memento from October 20, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) , BR-online
  12. ^ A b Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, p. 40.
  13. ↑ Janina Meyerdierks: Josef Martin Bauer - the war propagandist . In: Rolf Düsterberg (Ed.): Poets for the "Third Reich". Volume 4. Biographical studies on the relationship between literature and ideology . Bielefeld: Aisthesis 2018, p. 41.
personal data
SURNAME Bauer, Josef Martin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH March 11, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Taufkirchen (Vils)
DATE OF DEATH March 15, 1970
Place of death Villages