winter Olympics

Hosting of the Olympic Winter Games

Countries with a one-off event

Countries with multiple events

Cities with one-time staging

Cities that have been held twice

Winter Olympic Games are part of the Olympic Games and have been held since 1924. Before that, there were winter sports competitions (such as figure skating) as part of the Summer Olympics in London in 1908 and Antwerp in 1920. The founder of the Olympics, Pierre de Coubertin , was against winter games because they didn't exist in ancient times and he was against his friend's Nordic Games and IOC founding member Colonel Viktor Balck(Sweden) wanted to protect. With Coubertin's withdrawal, the way was clear to establish another Olympic tradition. Until 1992, the Winter Games took place in the same year as the Summer Olympics. Since 1994 they have been held in alternation with the Summer Olympics every two years.

Definitions

The Olympiad is the period between two summer games or between two winter games, which is normally four years. However, the term Winter Olympics refers to the respective Olympic Games in winter.

In contrast to the Summer Olympics, the Winter Olympics counts the number of games and not the number of Olympics. Games that were canceled due to the war are therefore not included in the official count.

The 2014 Winter Olympics took place in Sochi (Russia) from February 7th to 23rd ; the 2018 Winter Olympics from February 9th to 25th in Pyeongchang (South Korea).

Timeline Olympic Winter Games

Overview of all previous Olympic competitions in winter sports.

number	year	venue	Nations	subscriber			Competition program		Remarks
				total			Competitions	Disciplines (sports)
I.	1924	Chamonix	16	258	247	11th	16	9 (6)	The international winter sports week was only subsequently recognized by the IOC as the 1st Olympic Winter Games. The official competitions were curling and a comparison in the military patrol run .
II.	1928	St. Moritz	25th	464	438	26th	14th	8 (4)	Since the 10,000 m speed skating could not be finished, medals were only awarded in 13 disciplines.
III.	1932	Lake Placid	17th	252	231	21	14th	7 (4)
IV.	1936	Garmisch-Partenkirchen	28	646	566	80	17th	8 (4)	For the first time with alpine ski races.
-	1940	Sapporo St. Moritz Garmisch-Partenkirchen							Japan had to return the games to the IOC because of the Sino-Japanese War . The IOC canceled the new award to St. Moritz due to differences in the ski competitions. Because of the Second World War , the games were finally canceled entirely.
	1944	Cortina d'Ampezzo							Failed because of the ongoing Second World War.
V.	1948	St. Moritz	28	669	592	77	22nd	9 (4)
VI.	1952	Oslo	30th	694	585	109	22nd	8 (4)
VII.	1956	Cortina d'Ampezzo	32	821	687	134	24	8 (4)
VIII.	1960	Squaw Valley	30th	665	521	144	27	8 (4)	No bobsleigh run available; Recording of biathlon .
IX.	1964	innsbruck	36	1091	892	199	34	10 (6)	Admission of toboggans .
X.	1968	Grenoble	37	1158	947	211	35	10 (6)
XI.	1972	Sapporo	35	1006	801	205	35	10 (6)
XII.	1976	innsbruck	37	1123	892	231	37	10 (6)	In a second decision, the IOC awarded the games to Innsbruck after Denver had to give them back due to popular rejection in a referendum .
XIII.	1980	Lake Placid	37	1072	840	232	38	10 (6)
XIV.	1984	Sarajevo	49	1272	998	274	39	10 (6)
XV.	1988	Calgary	57	1423	1122	301	46	10 (6)	The IOC extended the duration of the Winter Games from 12 to 16 days.
XVI.	1992	Albertville	64	1801	1313	488	57	12 (6)	First time freestyle skiing ( mogul slope races only )
XVII.	1994	Lillehammer	67	1737	1215	522	61	12 (6)	The IOC had postponed the Winter Games to the intermediate years of the Summer Games, which meant that the Winter Games in 1992 and 1994 took place every two years.
XVIII.	1998	Nagano	72	2176	1389	787	68	14 (7)	Inclusion of curling as the seventh sport.
XIX.	2002	Salt Lake City	77	2399	1513	886	78	15 (7)	The Winter Games lasted 17 days. Skeleton was back on the program.
XX.	2006	Turin	80	2508	1548	960	84	15 (7)
XXI.	2010	Vancouver	82	2566	1666	1044	86	15 (7)
XXII.	2014	Sochi	88	2873	1714	1159	98	15 (7)	The largest expansion of the program to date with twelve new competitions.
XXIII.	2018	Pyeongchang	93	2922	1680	1242	102	15 (7)
XXIV.	2022	Beijing					109	15 (7)
XXV.	2026	Milan - Cortina d'Ampezzo							First ski mountaineering event

The numbers of participating athletes listed here are based on the information provided by the IOC and may therefore differ from other lists, e.g. B. use the number of competitors actually traveled or press releases before the start of the Olympic Games as a basis.

Sports at the Winter Olympics

→ Main article : Olympic sports

sports

Disciplines

to hum

08

20th

24

28

32

36

40

44

48

52

56

60

64

68

72

76

80

84

88

92

94

98

02

06

10

14th

18th

22nd

biathlon

biathlon

07x

09x

08x

00x

00x

Bobsleigh

bob

01x

06x

00x

00x

00x

skeleton

09x

06x

02x

00x

00x

Curling

Curling

13 ×

07x

01x

00x

03x

ice Hockey

ice Hockey

00x

07x

17 ×

00x

00x

Ice skating

figure skating

00x

24 ×

00x

00x

00x

Speed ​​skating

00x

17 ×

07x

00x

00x

Short track

14 ×

09x

00x

00x

01x

Luge

Luge

08x

16 ×

00x

00x

00x

Skiing

Freestyle

14 ×

09x

00x

00x

01x

Alpine skiing

03x

21 ×

00x

00x

00x

Nordic skiing

Cross-country skiing

00x

19 ×

05x

00x

00x

Nordic combination

00x

00x

24 ×

00x

00x

Ski jumping

00x

03x

21 ×

00x

00x

Snowboard

17 ×

07x

00x

00x

00x

Former disciplines

biathlon

Military patrol

20 ×

00x

01x

00x

03x

Additional demonstration competitions

Ice skating

figure skating

Ice dance

23 ×

00x

00x

00x

01x

Speed ​​skating

women

23 ×

00x

00x

00x

01x

Skiing

Freestyle

Jumping / ballet

23 ×

00x

00x

00x

01x

sports

Disciplines

to hum

08

20th

24

28

32

36

40

44

48

52

56

60

64

68

72

76

80

84

88

92

94

98

02

06

10

14th

18th

22nd

 Competitions for men, women and mixed in the sport / discipline - or open competitions  Competitions for men in the sport / discipline  Competitions for women in the sport / discipline  Demonstration competitions in the sport / discipline  There were no competitions  Olympic Games canceled Sort order: type of sport (alphabetically), discipline (alphabetically) Sums: The winter sports at the Summer Olympics 1908 and 1920 are not included.

Eternal medal table

→ Main articles : List of the most successful Winter Olympians  and all-time medal table of the Winter Olympics

A ranking list is created for all competitions at the Olympic Winter Games. The eternal medal table is a listing of all medals , sorted according to participating countries, that have been awarded in the history of the Games. The athletes (or teams) who rank first, second or third receive medals as an award. The winner will receive a medal known as a “ gold medal ” (actually silver medals with a gold plating). The second receives a silver medal, the third a bronze medal .

Top 10 medal winners at Winter Olympics

place	athlete	nation	Period	sport	0 0	0 0	0 0
1	Marit Bjørgen	NOR	2006-2018	Cross-country skiing	8th	4th	3
2	Ole Einar Bjørndalen	NOR	1998-2014	biathlon	8th	4th	1
3	Bjørn Dæhlie	NOR	1992-1998	Cross-country skiing	8th	4th	0
4th	Lyubov Ivanovna Egorova	EUN / RUS	1992-1994	Cross-country skiing	6th	3	0
5	Lidija Pavlovna Skoblikowa	USSR	1960-1964	Speed ​​skating	6th	0	0
6th	Ireen Wüst	NED	2006-2018	Speed ​​skating	5	4th	1
7th	Claudia Pechstein	GER	1992-2006	Speed ​​skating	5	2	2
8th	Larissa Yevgenevna Lasutina	EUN / RUS	1992-2002	Cross-country skiing	5	1	1
9	Clas Thunberg	FIN	1924-1928	Speed ​​skating	5	1	1
10	Thomas Alsgaard	NOR	1994-2002	Cross-country skiing	5	1	0
As of February 26, 2018

Top 10 by nations at the Winter Olympics

place	Abbreviation	team				total	list
1	GER	Germany	150	145	113	408	list
2	RUS	Russia	136	107	111	354	list
3	NOR	Norway	132	125	111	368	list
4th	USA	United States	105	110	89	305	list
5	CAN	Canada	73	63	63	199	list
6th	AUT	Austria	64	81	87	232	list
7th	SWE	Sweden	57	46	55	158	list
8th	SUI	Switzerland	55	56	52	163	list
9	NED	Netherlands	45	44	41	130	list
10	FIN	Finland	43	63	61	167	list
As of February 25, 2018

Remarks

Abbreviation		team	0 0	0 0	0 0	total
RUS	URS	/ / Soviet Union (1952–1988)	78	57	59	194
	EUN	United team (1992)	9	6th	8th	23
	RUS	Russia (1994-2014)	47	38	35	120
	OAR	Olympic athletes from Russia (2018)	2	6th	9	17th
	total		136	107	111	354

Abbreviation		team	0 0	0 0	0 0	total
GER	GER	German Empire (1928–1936)	3	3	3	9
	GER	(West) Germany (1952)	3	2	2	7th
	EUA	/ Germany (1956–1964)	8th	6th	5	19th
	FRG	/ Federal Republic of Germany (1968–1988)	11th	15th	13th	39
	GDR	/ German Democratic Republic (1968–1988)	39	36	35	110
	GER	Germany (since 1992)	86	83	55	224

Deaths

To date, four qualified Winter Olympics participants have died preparing for Olympic competitions:

• The British luge driver Kazimierz Skrzypecki and the Australian skier Ross Milne had a fatal accident during training a few days before the opening of the Innsbruck Winter Games in 1964 .
• Nicolas Bochatay , a Swiss participant in the demonstration discipline speed skiing, died in a collision with a snowcat on a public ski slope during the 1992 Albertville Winter Games .
• Georgian luge driver Nodar Kumaritashvili died during the last training session on the opening day of the 2010 Vancouver Games when he was thrown off the track after the last corner and crashed into a steel girder.

See also

• Olympic Sports
• Applications for Winter Olympics
• List of participating teams in Winter Olympic Games
• List of records of participation in the Winter Olympics
• List of competitions of Olympic winter sports
• List of the most successful Winter Olympians

Web links

Wiktionary: Winter Olympic Games  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Arnd Krüger (1996). The History of the Olympic Winter Games. The Invention of a Tradition. Matti Goksör, Gerd von der Lippe, Kristian M0 (Ed.): Winter Games - Warm Traditions . Oslo: Norsk Idrettshistorisk Vörening 1996, pp. 101-122.
2. ↑ Winter Olympics. In: duden.de. Retrieved November 27, 2017 . 
3. ↑ Rob Longley: Georgian luger killed in training, Officials meeting to decide future of competition. In: torontosun.com. Toronto Sun , February 12, 2010, accessed October 10, 2012 (video on website). 
4. ↑ Associated Press : Georgian luger fourth-ever Winter Olympian to die. In: sports.espn.go.com. ESPN , February 12, 2010, accessed February 13, 2010 . 
5. ^ Sports information service : Georgian tobogganer dies after a serious accident. In: Abendblatt.de. Hamburger Abendblatt , February 13, 2010, accessed on October 10, 2012 .