Social housing in New York City

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The Social Housing in New York City includes the state intervention in the provision of housing for low and medium income groups in New York City . This includes the provision of public housing, the subsidization of housing, the financial support of tenants and legal measures to limit rents .

The Queensbridge Houses (right foreground) are the largest urban housing estate in New York and by the NYCHA administers

Living in New York City

In 2008, New York was the 6th most expensive city in the world and the most expensive city in North America for real estate, according to a Forbes Magazine survey . This explains why New York City's 3.3 million home ownership is 33.6 percent, only about half that of the entire United States, and why the state is an important one when compared to many other American cities Role in housing. In 2005, rental costs were capped for over half (52.2 percent) of all rental apartments, and 14.8% of all rental apartments were subsidized by the state through various programs. The city of New York City itself is the city's largest owner-occupied home through the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) - in 2008 NYCHA operated 177,976 apartments, which were home to nearly 5 percent of all New Yorkers.

In 2007, the rent burden of every New Yorker averaged almost 30 percent of gross income.

history

New York City's first public housing project, First Houses

The first state regulation for housing was the Tenement House Acts from 1867. These laws sought to improve the catastrophic housing conditions, especially in immigrant areas such as the Lower East Side , through minimum structural standards. However, the city itself has not yet provided any subsidized housing.

That didn't change until 1934 with the establishment of NYCHA and the completion of First Houses on the Lower East Side, one of the first public housing projects in the United States. The costs for the first projects were borne by the City of New York; Federal funding was not available until the United States Housing Act of 1937 , and New York State did not begin financially building public housing until 1941. The same period also saw the introduction of the cap on rental costs in New York City, initially by the federal government on November 1, 1943.

Public housing construction peaked in the period from 1941 to around the mid-1960s, when most of NYCHA's homes were completed. The financial crisis of the 1970s and the state's withdrawal from housing construction - especially from 1973 during the Nixon reign - led to the almost complete cessation of public housing construction in New York. Many of the NYCHA-managed buildings have become derelict and become hotspots of crime and drug use.

Nehemiah Homes in East New York, Brooklyn

Since the 1980s, initiatives by private non-profit organizations have therefore played an increasingly important role, such as Nehemiah and Common Ground , which provide housing for poorer sections of the population with government support. Another, more recent element of housing subsidies are state subsidies for private housing such as grants and tax breaks. Through what is known as inclusionary zoning , the city is trying to improve the provision of cheaper housing by allowing builders to build higher if they commit to providing housing for certain income groups.

actors

As in many areas of the US political and administrative system, social housing in New York City overlaps the powers and programs of the federal government, New York State, and New York City. Added to this are the interests and programs of private property developers, non-profit organizations and tenants' associations.

U.S. government organs

New York State Bodies

  • The New York State Division of Housing and Community Renewal (DHCR) is the state equivalent of HUD and provides funding for housing construction. The authority is also responsible for the supervision of the city's social housing and compliance with the provisions for setting rental prices.
  • The New York City Housing Development Corporation (HDC) provides cheap loans for privately provided, cheap housing. The HDC is financially autonomous but operates on the basis of New York State law.

New York City Organs

  • The New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) manages the 177,976 urban housing and Section 8 rent subsidy program.
  • The New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development (HPD) is the largest urban construction company in the United States; she is responsible for the construction and maintenance of social housing. HPD is responsible for the New Housing Marketplace plan of Bloomberg -Administration which provides to build 165,000 social housing new or to get as social housing.
  • The Rent Guideline Board (RGB) defines the rent increases for apartments that are subject to fixed rental prices .

Other actors

  • Non-profit organizations such as Nehemiah, Common Ground or Local Development Corporations that build housing with government support.
  • Tenant protection organizations, such as B. the Metropolitan Council on Housing .

literature

  • Nicholas Dagen Bloom: Public Housing That Worked - New York in the Twentieth Century. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia 2009, ISBN 978-0-8122-2067-4
  • Richard Plunz: A History of Housing in New York City. Columbia University Press, New York 1990, ISBN 978-0231062978

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Chavon Sutton: "World's priciest Cities To Own A Home" 9 February 2009 on Forbes.com
  2. ↑ Figures for 2007. Figures for New York: Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy – ​​New York University (Ed.): State of New York City's Housing and Neighborhoods 2008  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , New York, NY, March 2008, p. 58. Figures for the USA: US Census Bureau - USA QuickFacts@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / furmancenter.org  
  3. ↑ a b Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy - New York University (Ed.): State of New York City's Housing and Neighborhoods 2008  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as broken. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , New York, NY, March 2008, p. 58.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / furmancenter.org  
  4. ↑ NYCHA website ( memento of the original from April 30, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nyc.gov
  5. ↑ Ruth Limmer, Andrew S. Dolkart: The Tenement As History And Housing , on the Thirteen.Org website, last accessed on May 22, 2009
  6. ↑ NYCHA website timeline ( memento of the original from June 3, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , last accessed on May 28, 2009 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nyc.gov
  7. ^ History of Rent Regulation New York State 1943-1993 , last accessed May 28, 2009
  8. ↑ US Department of Housing and Urban Development website ( Memento of the original from May 12, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. last accessed on May 28, 2009 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hud.gov
  9. ↑ Federal Housing Administration Website ( Memento of the original from November 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , last accessed January 18, 2016 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / portal.hud.gov
  10. ↑ DHCR website ( Memento of 13 October 2010 at the Internet Archive ) last retrieved 28 May 2009
  11. ↑ HDC website ( Memento of the original from November 21, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , last accessed on May 28, 2009 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nychdc.com
  12. ↑ HPD website , last accessed May 28, 2009
  13. ↑ RGB website ( memento of September 28, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), last accessed on May 28, 2009