Henri Lefebvre

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Henri Lefebvre, 1971

Henri Lefebvre (born June 16, 1901 in Hagetmau , Landes department , † June 29, 1991 in Navarrenx , Pyrénées-Atlantiques department ) was a French Marxist sociologist , intellectual and philosopher . He was considered one of the "fathers" of the Paris student riots in May 1968.

Life

Lefebvre attended the renowned Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris. He originally wanted to be a mathematician, then studied but after an aborted legal studies philosophy at the University in Aix-en-Provence in the Catholic philosopher Maurice Blondel and at the Sorbonne in Paris with Léon Brunschvicg and completed in 1920 his studies with a doctorate from.

He obtained a diploma for higher education and was a philosophy teacher from 1929 to 1940. In 1928 he joined the French Communist Party (PCF). At that time he belonged to the group “Philosophes” ( Paul Nizan et al.), Who developed approaches to a philosophical critique of bourgeois ideology in their magazine Revue marxiste . In 1930 he received a professorship, but was dismissed in 1940 because of his party membership.

In 1940 Germany defeated France and occupied it. In the same year Lefebvre joined the French Resistance . After the liberation of France in 1944, he was rehabilitated as artistic director of French radio in Toulouse. After the war, Lefebvre also drew attention to himself as the author of articles and essays on Marxism and its main proponents. His work Critique de la vie quotidienne (1946), a critique of bourgeois society that Lefebvre continued in later works, caused a considerable stir .

From 1944 to 1949 he was director of Radiodiffusion Française , a broadcasting company in Toulouse . 1949 to 1961 Maitre de Recherches at the Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS).

In 1958, the PCF excluded him from the party because of his critical remarks about Khrushchev and the uprising in Hungary in his book Problems of Marxism Today . Despite the exclusion, Lefebvre remained associated with Marxism throughout his life.

1961 to 1965 Lefebvre was Professor of Sociology at the Faculté des Lettres of the University of Strasbourg , then at the University of Paris-Nanterre . From 1967 he headed the Sociology Department in Nanterre . His last post was at the Institut d'Urbanisme in Paris.

Lefebvre died in 1991. He left an extraordinarily extensive work behind. In its obituary, the English magazine Radical Philosophy wrote : “The most prolific French Marxist intellectual died on the night of June 28-29, 1991, less than two weeks after his 90th birthday. During his long career, his work came in and out of fashion several times. It has influenced the development not only of philosophy, but also of sociology , geography , political science and literary studies . "

In Germany, his criticism of everyday life was best known.

Lefebvre became known as a critic of modern cities. From his point of view, these social life were paralyzing and fragmenting, technocratic structures, which was caused by the functionalist orientation of cities on capitalist production relations. This led to a break with the 'organic growth' of cities, which, unlike in the pre-modern era, arose less from a long-term co-development of society and space, but from more radical interventions on a larger scale and short time windows, which, according to Lefebvre, are triggered by economic, political and technical developments and motives. The functionalization and particularization of spaces also lead to the fragmentation of society, which can be seen, for example, in the anonymized coexistence of people in cities.

Works (selection)

author

Essays
  • Positions d'attaque et de defense du nouveau mysticisme. In: Philosophies. 1925, Issue 5-6 (March), pp. 471-506.
  • Le projet rythmanalytique . In: Communications. Volume 41 (1985), pp. 191-199 (together with Catherine Regulier-Lefebvre).
  • The production of urban space (translated by Franz Hiss and Hans-Ulrich Wegener). In: ARCH + . Volume 9 (1977), Issue 34, pp. 52-57, ISSN  0587-3452 , republished in abbreviated form in AnArchitektur , Volume 1 (2002), Issue 1 ISSN  1610-2789
Monographs
  • Contribution à l'esthétique .2. Edition Anthropos, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-7178-4344-2 (reprinted by EA Paris 1953).
    • Contributions to aesthetics . Ministry of Culture, Berlin (GDR) 1956 (printed as Ms., translated by Karl Adolf).
  • La conscience mystifiée . Syllepse, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-907993-29-1 (reprinted by EA Paris 1936, together with Norbert Guterman).
  • Le nationalisme contre les nations ("Institutional Analysis" Collection). Méridiens-Klincksieck, Paris 1988, ISBN 2-86563-213-X (reprint of the Paris 1937 edition, foreword by Paul Nizan ).
  • Hitler au pouvoir. Bilan de cinq années de fascisme en Allemagne . Bureau d'Editions Paris 1938.
  • Le matérialisme dialectique (Quadrige; Volume 122). PUF, Paris 1990, ISBN 2-13-043427-4 (reprint of the Paris 1939 edition).
    • Dialectical materialism. 5th edition. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1971 (EA Frankfurt am Main 1966, translated by Alfred Schmidt ).
  • Nietzsche . Éditions Syllepse, Paris 2003, ISBN 2-84797-032-0 (reprint of the Paris 1939 edition).
  • L ' existentialisme . Anthropos, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-7178-4223-3 (reprint of the Paris 1946 edition).
  • Critique de la vie quotidienne . Extended edition L'Arche, Paris 1977 (reprint of the edition Paris 1946).
  1. Introduction . 1977.
  2. Fondements d'une sociologie de la quotidienneté . 1980.
  3. De la modernité au modernisme . 1981.
  • Criticism of Everyday Life . Outlines of a sociology of everyday life . New edition Fischer-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1987, ISBN 3-596-26635-1 (edited by Dieter Prokop , translated by Karl Held (volume 1) and by Burkhart Kroeber (volumes 2-3); reprint of the edition . Munich 1974/75).
  • A la lumière du matérialisme dialectique . Extended edition, Éditions sociales, Paris 1969.
  1. Logique formelle, logique dialectique (written 1940/41).
  2. Nothing more appeared
  • Descartes . Éditions Hier et Aujourd'hui, Paris 1947.
  • La pensée de Karl Marx (“Pour connaitre” collection). Bordas, Paris 1985, ISBN 2-04-016170-8 (reprint of the Paris 1948 edition).
  • Le marxisme. 23rd edition. PUF, Paris 2006, ISBN 2-13-053845-2 (reprint of the Paris 1948 edition).
    • Marxism (Beck's black series; Volume 127). Beck, Munich 1975, ISBN 3-406-04927-3 (translated by Beate Rehschuh).
  • Pascal . Éditions Nagel, Paris 1949/54 (2 volumes).
  • Diderot Éditions Hier & Aujourd'hui, Paris 1949.
  • Musset . Essai. 2nd Edition. L'Arche, Paris 1970 (EA Paris 1955).
  • Rabelais . 2nd Edition. Anthropos, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-7178-4323-X (reprint of the Paris 1955 edition).
  • Pignon . 12 hors-textes . Edition Fall, Paris 1970 (EA Paris 1956).
  • La pensée de Lénine (“Pour connaitre” collection). Bordas, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-04-007627-1 (reprint of the Paris 1957 edition).
  • Le romantisme révolutionnaire . La Nef, Paris 1958 (together with Lucien Goldmann , Claude Roy and Tristan Tzara ).
  • La somme et le reste . Méridiènnes Klincksieck, Paris 1989, ISBN 2-86563-247-4 (2 volumes, reprint of the Paris 1959 edition).
  • Introduction à la Modernité . Édition de Minuit, Paris 1962.
    • Introduction to modernity. 12 preludes . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1978, ISBN 3-518-10831-X (translated by Bernd Schwibs).
  • La vallée de Campan . Étude de sociologie rurale. 2nd Edition. PUF, Paris 1990, ISBN 2-13-043428-2 (reprinted by EA Paris 1963).
  • Marx. Sa vie, son œuvre. Avec un expose de sa philosophy . PUF, Paris 1964.
  • Metaphilosophy . Prolégomènes . Édition Syllepse, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-913165-19-2 (reprint of the Paris 1965 edition)
    • Metaphilosophy. Prolegomena . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1975, ISBN 3-518-00734-3 (translated by Burkhart Kroeber).
  • La Proclamation de la Commune (Collection “Trente Journées qui ont fait la France”; Volume 26). Gallimard, Paris 1976 (reprint of the Paris 1965 edition).
  • Les Pyrénées (Atlas des Voyages; Volume 46). Édition du CAIRN, Pau 2000, ISBN 2-912233-21-6 (reprint of the Lausanne 1965 edition).
  • Sociologie de Marx . PUF, Paris 1974 (reprinted by EA Paris 1966).
    • Sociology according to Marx . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1972 (translated by Beate Rehschuh and Peter Anton von Arnim).
  • Le langage et la société (“Idées” collection). Gallimard, Paris 1966.
    • Language and society . Pedagogical Verlag Schwann, Düsseldorf 1973, ISBN 3-7895-0223-5 (translated by Erwin Stegentritt).
  • Position. Contre les technocrates . Gonthier, Paris 1967.
  • Le droit à la ville ("Points" collection). Anthropos, Paris 1968ff.
  • La vie quotidienne dans le monde moderne (“Idées” collection). Gallimard, Paris 1972 (reprinted by EA Paris 1968).
    • Everyday life in the modern world . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1972, ISBN 3-518-06367-7 (translated by Annegret Dumasy).
  • L'irruption de Nanterre au sommet . Anthropos, Paris 1968.
    • Uprising in France. On the theory of revolution in the highly industrialized countries . Edition Voltaire, Frankfurt am Main 1969 (translated by Samuel H. Schirmbeck).
  • You rural à l'urbaine. 3. Edition. Anthropos, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-7178-4207-1 (reprinted by EA Paris 1970).
  • La révolution urbaine (“Idées” collection). Gallimard, Paris 1970.
    • The revolution of the cities . New edition Geene, Stephan, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-933557-59-3 . (Reprint of the Munich 1972 edition; translated by Ulrike Roeckl)
  • La fin de l'histoire . Anthropos, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-7178-4324-8 . (Reprinted by EA Paris 1970)
  • Le manifeste différentialiste (“Idées” collection). Gallimard, Paris 1971, ISBN 2-07-035217-X .
  • Au-delà du structuralism . Anthropos, Paris 1971.
  • La pensée marxiste et la ville. 3. Edition. Casterman, Paris 1978. (EA Paris 1972)
    • The city in Marxist thinking . Maier, Ravensburg 1975, ISBN 3-473-61409-2 (translated by Christel Leclère).
  • La survie du capitalisme . Éditions Anthropos, Paris 2002, ISBN 2-7178-4445-7 . (Reprinted by EA Paris 1973; foreword by Jacques Guigou and afterword by Rémi Hess)
    • The future of capitalism. The reproduction of the relations of production . translated by Bernd Smiling. List, Munich 1974, ISBN 3-471-61616-0 .
  • La production de l'espace. 4th edition. ("Idées" collection). Anthropos, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-7178-3954-2 (reprinted by EA Paris 1974).
  • Hegel, Marx, Nietzsche, ou le royaume des ombres. 2nd Edition. (Collection “Synthèses contemporaines”). Casterman, Paris 1975.
  • Le temps des méprises. Entretiens avec Claude Glayman . Stock, Paris 1975, ISBN 2-234-00174-9 .
  • La révolution n'est plus ce qu'elle était . Éditions Libres-Hallier, Paris 1978 (with Catherine Regulier).
    • The revolution is no longer what it used to be . Hanser, Munich 1979, ISBN 3-446-12693-7 (translated by Burkhart Kroeber).
  • De l'Etat, Volume 4: Les contradictions de l'Etat moderne. La dialectique de l'Etat (Collection “10/18”). UGE, Paris 1978, ISBN 2-264-00849-0 (4 volumes in total).
  • Elements of rhythm analysis. Introduction à la connaissance des rythmes (“Explorations et découvertes” collection). Édition Syllepse, Paris 1992, ISBN 2-907993-11-9 (together with Catherine Regulier-Lefebvre; foreword by René Lorau).
  • La présence et l'absence. Contribution à la theory de representations . Casterman, Paris 1980, ISBN 2-203-23172-6 .
  • Toward an Architecture of Enjoyment . , L. Stanek ed., R. Bononno trans. (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2014).

editor

  • Karl Marx : Morceaux choisis . Gallimard, Paris 1956 (Na, chdr. D. Paris 1934 edition, together with Norbert Guterman).
  • Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel : Morceaux choisis (Collection "Folio"). Gallimard Paris 1995, ISBN 2-07-032875-9 (reprint of the Paris 1969 edition, together with Norbert Guterman).
  • Problems of Marxism Today , trans. v. Alfred Schmidt , Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1965
  • Lenin : Cahiers sur la dialectique de Hegel . New edition Gallimard, Paris 1967 (reprint of the Paris 1938 edition (together with Norbert Guterman)).
  • Karl Marx: Marx et la liberté) (Les classiques de la liberté; Volume 4). Éditions Trois Collines, Geneva 1947.
  • The problems actuels du marxism. 4th edition. (Collection “Initiation philosophique”). PUF, Paris 1970 (reprint of the Paris 1970 edition).
    • Problems of Marxism Today. 6th edition. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1971 (translated by Alfred Schmidt ).

Literature (selection)

Essays
Monographs
  • Conversation with Henri Lefebvre (“Libres propos” collection). Messidor, Paris 1991, ISBN 2-209-06518-6 (with Patricia Latour, Francis Combes)
  • Chris Butler: Henri Lefebvre. Spatial politics, everyday life and the right to the city . Routledge-Cavendish, London 2010, ISBN 978-0-415-45967-9
  • Patrick Cingolani (Ed.): Henri Lefebvre. Une pensée deveneu monde? L'Harmattan, Paris 2012, ISBN 978-2-343-00457-0
  • Fernand M. Guelf : The Urban Revolution. Henri Lefèbvre's philosophy of global urbanization . Transcript, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-8376-1511-1 (also dissertation, TU Berlin 2010, full text )
  • Ágnes Heller : Everyday life. Attempt to explain individual reproduction . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1978, ISBN 3-518-10805-0
  • Christian Kaufmann: Presentation of the development process from absolute to differential space based on the concept of the production of space by Henri Lefebvre . Grin Verlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-640-91617-7
  • Thomas Kleinspehn: The repressed everyday life. Henri Lefebvre's Marxist Critique of Everyday Life. (Argumentations, Volume 27). Focus-Verlag, Giessen 1975, ISBN 3-920352-36-X
  • Kurt Meyer: Henri Lefebvre. A romantic revolutionary . Europa, Vienna 1973, ISBN 3-203-50427-8 (with a bibliography of the independent [44, plus 4 collaborations with Norbert Guterman until 1972] and dependent publications by Lefebvre [119 numbers until 1971], pp. 157-162)
  • Ulrich Müller-Schöll: The system and the rest. Critical theory in the perspective of Henri Lefebvre (Thalheimer collection of critical knowledge; Volume 31). Talheimer, Mössingen-Talheim 1999 ISBN 3-89376-081-4
  • Christian Schmid: City, Space and Society. Henri Lefebvre and the theory of the production of space. (Social Geographical Library, 1). Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-09691-4 (plus dissertation, University of Jena).
  • Hajo Schmidt: Social Philosophy of War. State and subject theory studies on Henri Lefebvre and Georges Bataille . Klartext-Verlag , Essen 1990, ISBN 3-88474-451-8
  • Corell Wex: Logistics of Power. Henri Lefebvre's Social Theory and the Spatiality of the State . Dissertation, University of Marburg 2000
  • Łukasz Stanek: Henri Lefebvre on Space. Architecture, Urban Research, and the Production of Theory . University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis 2011, ISBN 978-0-8166-6616-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Kurt Meyer: Henri Lefebvre. 1973, pp. 156, 16, 29.
  2. ↑ radicalphilosophy.com
  3. ↑ a b c Andy Merryfield: Henry Lefebvre: A Critical Introduction . New York 2006, p. 65 f .
  4. ↑ archplus.net
  5. ↑ anarchitektur.com
personal data
SURNAME Lefebvre, Henri
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French Marxist philosopher, sociologist and intellectual
DATE OF BIRTH June 16, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Hagetmau , Landes department , France
DATE OF DEATH June 29, 1991
Place of death Navarrenx , Pyrénées-Atlantiques department , France