everyday life

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Sleep is part of everyone's everyday life.
Children study at home or at school
Rush hour after work

Under everyday is understood habitual processes at civilized people in the daily and weekly cycle.

General

Everyday life is characterized by repetitive patterns of work and commuting , consumption (shopping, eating and drinking), leisure time , personal hygiene , social and cultural activities, visits to the doctor, sleep and the like. v. m. embossed. Everyday life is seen, among other things, as a contrast to a public holiday or feast day or vacation . In everyday conversation , the unplanned, loose contact with neighbors, colleagues and friends is expressed.

Sociological consideration

Many sociologists , including the French Henri Lefebvre , Roland Barthes and others, have studied the everyday culture of people. Pierre Bourdieu's sociological research, mostly rooted in everyday life, was predominantly empirically oriented and can be assigned to cultural sociology. Drawing on structuralism , Bourdieu tried to combine subjective factors with objective facts. Bourdieu's cultural theory compares interactions in everyday life with a game. Individuals have different numbers of potentials of various kinds that they can use and partially transform. Bringing in everyday observations, he demonstrated that subtleties of language such as accent, grammar, pronunciation and style are an essential factor in social mobility (e.g. when acquiring a better-paid and higher-valued profession).

Anthony Giddens main focus is on how action can extend over space and time, and examines the area of ​​unconsciously controlled everyday action. Torsten Hägerstrand analyzes points in space and time. Erving Goffman's investigations into behavioral patterns, interaction rituals, role distance and personal self-portrayal in everyday life have significantly influenced newer sociological approaches. The constitution analysis by Alfred Schütz enables a personal (subjective) ideal type construction, which enables the understanding of action through the comparison with everyday social-worldly situation elements (even if it is through post-hoc explanations).

Harold Garfinkel is the founder of ethnomethodology , in which he z. T. applied the methodical program of Alfred Schütz empirically. This dealt with questions of how people in sociological structures of the everyday world act in a mutually oriented manner and act according to everyday knowledge that seems natural . Garfinkel's contribution consists primarily in making behavior that appears natural and familiar to be examined in detail and made accessible to sociological research. Eviatar Zerubavel captured the exemplary everyday life in hospitals. Michel de Certeau's best-known and most influential work is The Art of Action (Berlin (Merve) 1988), a sociological theory of everyday life and consumer behavior.

Philosophical consideration

In the context of ethical considerations, the so-called bourgeois virtues - orderliness , diligence , thrift , cleanliness and punctuality - are directed towards the practical handling of everyday life. They stand in contrast to the other, often ideals-oriented virtues.

For Heidegger , everyday means those aspects of human existence that are characterized neither by inauthenticity nor by authenticity . See also: existentials .

Documentaries

  • Farrebique , directed by Georges Rouquier , France 1946 - Everyday life in a French peasant family

See also

literature

  • Monahan, Torin, ed. (2006), Surveillance and Security: Technological Politics and Power in Everyday Life . New York: Routledge: ISBN 0-415-95393-6
  • Pierre Bourdieu : The misery of the world. Testimonies and diagnoses of everyday suffering in society. (French. 1993), Konstanz 1997. ISBN 3-87940-568-9 , - cultural studies on neoliberalism
  • Heinz-Gerhard Haupt (Ed.): Places of everyday life. Miniatures from European cultural history. Munich: CH Beck 1994, ISBN 3-406-38461-7
  • Michel de Certeau : Art of Action. Berlin Merve, 1988, ISBN 978-3-88396-060-9
  • Henri Lefebvre : Critique of Everyday Life: Grundrisse e. Sociology d. Commonplace. with e. Foreword to the German edition, paperback edition, Frankfurt am Main: Fischer 1987
  • Astrid Nunn: Everyday life in the ancient Orient . Verlag Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 2006 ( Ancient World , special issue; Zabern's illustrated books on archeology ) ISBN 3-8053-3654-3 .
  • Dorothy Smith : The Everyday World as Problematic. A Feminist Sociology. Toronto: University of Toronto Press 1987
  • Laurence Wylie: village in the Vaucluse. The everyday life of a French community , paperback edition, Frankfurt am Main: Fischer 1978
  • Hans-Georg Soeffner : Interpretation of everyday life - the everyday of interpretation. Paperback edition, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp 1989, ISBN 978-3-518-28385-1
  • Peter Schneider: Everyday life and the exotic . Nexus Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1988, ISBN 3-923301-29-4
  • Jürgen Kuczynski : History of everyday life of the German people 1600 - 1945 (5 volumes), Berlin: Akademie-Verlag 1980–1982
  • Birgit Dechmann and Christiane Ryffel: Sociology in Everyday Life: An Introduction to Juventa; Edition: 13th, updated edition ISBN 978-3-7799-2063-2
  • Peter Jehle: Everyday life , in: Historical-Critical Dictionary of Marxism , Vol. 1, Argument-Verlag, Hamburg, 1994, Sp. 144–150.

Web links

Wiktionary: Everyday life  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Otto Friedrich Bollnow : Vom Wesen und Wandel der Virtues , p. 31 ff.
  2. ↑ Martin Gessmann (ed.): Philosophical dictionary. 23rd edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2009 - Everydayness.