Karl Weinhold (Medievalist)

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Karl Weinhold, lithograph by Adolf Dauthage (1860)
Karl Weinhold in 1899

Karl Gotthelf Jakob Weinhold (born October 26, 1823 in Reichenbach , Province of Silesia , † August 15, 1901 in Berlin ) was a German philologist . As a Germanist and Medievalist , he devoted himself to the historical foundations and the development of the German language , especially Middle High German grammar , and was most recently professor of German language and literature in Graz, Breslau and Berlin. Weinhold is considered a representative of romantic anthropology .

Life

As the son of a penniless pastor , Karl Weinhold studied Protestant theology and philology at the Silesian Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Breslau from 1842 , where he heard lectures from Theodor Jacobi . During his studies in 1842 he became a member of the Raczek fraternity . In 1845 he moved to the Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin . A year later he did his doctorate with an unprinted dissertation on the Völuspá at the pietistic Friedrichs-Universität Halle and habilitated there in 1847 with the thesis Spicilegium formularum quas ex antiquissimis germanorum carminibus congessit.

He returned to Breslau in 1849 as associate professor and successor to Jacobi .

Five chairs

In 1850 he became a full professor at the University of Cracow . A number of documents, including the “first collection of sagas”, fell victim to the great fire in the city. After rejecting the offer of the University of Vienna for religious reasons, he moved from Krakow to the chair of the University of Graz in 1851 . During this time he dealt with the historically motivated orthography norm proposed by Grimm . In 1851 his book History of German Women in the Middle Ages was published . Similar to Richard Wossidlo in Mecklenburg , Weinhold took care of the establishment of folklore in Silesia and Central Germany .

In 1861 he moved from Austria-Hungary to the Duchy of Holstein . Appointed by the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel , he founded the first Germanic seminar . At the time of the Franco-Prussian War and the establishment of the German Empire (1870/71 and 1871/72) he was Rector of the CAU.

After 15 years, Weinhold returned to Breslau as the successor to Heinrich Rückert , where he was close friends with the writer Karl von Holtei . There, too, he was able to establish a first Germanic seminar. In 1879/80 he was rector again.

In 1889 - 44 years after his student days in Berlin - Weinhold finally went to Berlin . In 1893/94 he was rector for the third time in the intellectual center of the German Empire . When, in 1896, women in Prussia were allowed to attend lectures at universities as guest auditors (see Women's Studies in the German-Speaking Area ), Weinhold was one of those professors who made use of their right to exclude women. So he refused Helene Stocker to listen to his lectures.

Karl Weinhold died in Berlin in 1901 at the age of 77 and was buried in the Old St. Matthew Cemetery in Schöneberg . The grave has not been preserved.

meaning

As a highly respected member of the Kgl. Prussian Academy of Sciences , Weinhold dealt with syntax and lexicology . He campaigned for a dictionary of the older German legal language and in 1896 became a member of the founding commission of the German legal dictionary . Also in 1896 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . Since 1878 he was a foreign member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . He was a member of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory . In addition, until his death he was the editor of the journal of the Society for Folklore, which he founded .

Weinhold left a large scientific legacy that was deposited in the academy's archive for further research.

Fonts (selection)

  • Middle High German reading book. With a theory of sounds and forms in Middle High German and a dictionary of words. Gerold, Vienna 1850, ( digitized ; numerous new editions).
  • German women in the Middle Ages. A contribution to the household antiquities of the Teutons. Gerold, Vienna 1851, (several editions).
  • About German spelling. In: Journal for the Austrian high schools. Vol. 3, 1852, ZDB -ID 202897-9 , pp. 93-128 .
  • About German dialect research. The formation of sounds and words and the forms of the Silesian dialect. With regard to the related in German dialects. One try. Gerold, Vienna 1853, ( digitized version ).
  • Christmas games and songs from southern Germany and Silesia. With introduction and explanations. Damian & Sorge, Graz 1853, ( digitized ).
  • Contributions to a Silesian dictionary. 2 departments. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1855;
    • Department 1: A – L (= meeting reports of the Philosophical-Historical Class of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Vol. 14, 1855, Appendix). 1855, ( digitized version );
    • Department 2: M – Z (= meeting reports of the Philosophical-Historical Class of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Vol. 16, 1855, appendix). 1855, ( digitized version ).
  • Old Norse life. Wiedmann, Berlin 1856, ( digitized version ).
  • About the poet Count Hugo VIII von Montfort Herren zu Bregenz and Pfannberg. In: Communications from the Historical Association for Styria. 7, 1857, ZDB -ID 345732-1 , pp. 127-180 .
  • The giants of the Germanic myth. In: Session reports of the Philosophical-Historical Class of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Vol. 26, 1858, ISSN  1012-487X , pp. 225-306 .
  • Casual game on January 24, 1859. Kienreich, Breslau 1859, (Festival for Holtei's birthday).
  • The pagan funeral in Germany. In: Session reports of the Philosophical-Historical Class of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Vol. 29, 1858, ISSN  1012-487X , pp. 117-204 ; Vol. 30, 1859, pp. 171-226 .
  • Grammar of German dialects. Dümmler, Berlin 1863–1867, (further volumes were planned but not published);
  • Heinrich Christian Boie. Contribution to the history of German literature in the eighteenth century. Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, Halle 1868, ( digitized version ).
  • The German month names. Verlag der Buchhandlung des Waisenhauses, Halle 1869, ( digitized version ).
  • The language in Wilhelm Wackernagel's old German sermons and prayers. Schweighauser, Basel 1875.
  • Middle High German grammar. A manual. Schningh, Paderborn 1877, ( digitized ; numerous new editions and reprints).
  • Karl von Holtei. In: Westermanns illustrated German monthly issues. (Westermann, Braunschweig) Volume 50, 1881, pp. 228–245.
  • Small Middle High German grammar. Braumüller, Vienna 1881, ( digitized ; several new editions).
  • The distribution and origin of Germans in Silesia (= research on German regional and folklore. Vol. 2, No. 3, ZDB -ID 501109-7 ). Engelhorn, Stuttgart 1887, ( digitized version ).
  • The mystical nine number among the Germans (= treatises of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Philosophical-Historical Class. Abh. 2, 1897). Publishing house of the Royal Academy of Sciences, Berlin 1897, ( digitized version ).
  • The adoration of the sources in Germany (= treatises of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Philosophical-Historical Class. Abh. 1, 1898). Publishing house of the Royal Academy of Sciences, Berlin 1898, ( digitized version ).

literature

  • Constantin von Wurzbach : Weinhold, Karl . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 54th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1886, pp. 45–48 ( digitized version ).
  • Society for German Philology in Berlin: Commitment to Karl Weinhold. Presented to your honorary member on his fiftieth doctoral anniversary (= Festschriften of the Society for German Philology. 12, ZDB -ID 1028331-6 ). Reisland, Leipzig 1896, ( digitized version ).
  • Wilhelm Creizenach u. A .: Contributions to folklore. Festschrift Karl Weinhold on the 50th anniversary of his doctorate on January 14th, 1896 presented in the name of the Silesian Society for Folklore (= Germanistische Abhandlungen . 12). Koebner, Breslau 1896, ( digitized version ).
  • Klaus Böldl : Old Norse Life. On Karl Weinhold's romantic anthropology. In: Klaus Böldl, Miriam Kauko (ed.): Continuity in criticism. For the 50th anniversary of the Munich Nordic Institute. Historical and current perspectives in Scandinavian studies (= Rombach Sciences. Nordica series. 8). Rombach, Freiburg (Breisgau) 2005, ISBN 3-7930-9379-4 , pp. 91-106.
  • Hans Fix: “Dear Möbius!” Karl Weinhold's letters from Breslau to Theodor Möbius (1874–1889). In: Marek Hałub, Anna Mańko-Matysiak (eds.): Śląska republika uczonych. = Silesian Republic of Scholars. = Slezská vědecká obec. Volume 7. Neisse Verlag et al., Dresden et al. 2016, ISBN 978-3-86276-124-1 , pp. 249-359.

Web links

Wikisource: Karl Weinhold  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 715-717.
  2. ↑ a b c Rector's speeches (HKM) .
  3. ↑ Michael Sachs: 'Prince Bishop and Vagabond'. The story of a friendship between the Prince-Bishop of Breslau Heinrich Förster (1799–1881) and the writer and actor Karl von Holtei (1798–1880). Edited textually based on the original Holteis manuscript. In: Medical historical messages. Journal for the history of science and specialist prose research. Volume 35, 2016 (2018), pp. 223–291, here: p. 291, note 226, and more often.
  4. ↑ Helene Stöcker : Memoirs. The unfinished autobiography of a woman-loving pacifist (= L 'homme. Archive. 5). Edited by Reinhold Lütgemeier-Davin and Kerstin Wolff . Böhlau, Cologne et al. 2015, ISBN 978-3-412-22466-0 , p. 53.
  5. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende: Lexicon of Berlin tombs . Haude & Spener, Berlin 2006. p. 310.
personal data
SURNAME Weinhold, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Weinhold, Carl Gotthelf Jakob (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Germanist and university lecturer
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1823
PLACE OF BIRTH Reichenbach , Province of Silesia
DATE OF DEATH August 15, 1901
Place of death Berlin