Karl Tomaschek

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Karl Tomaschek (also Carl Tomaschek ; born September 28, 1828 in Iglau ; † September 9, 1878 in Wetterhöfl near Iglau) was an Austrian German scholar , literary historian and university professor .

Live and act

Karl Tomaschek was the youngest of four sons of the high school teacher Johann Adolf Tomaschek from his first marriage to Johanna geb. Brighter. After the death of his mother in 1832, Karl Tomaschek was raised by his father alone, who was transferred to Olomouc in 1837 . Karl Tomaschek attended the Academic Gymnasium there , where he was particularly influenced by the teachers Anton Tkány in literature and Adolf Ficker in philosophy and history. He also dealt with branches of the natural sciences. During this time his friendship with Karl Stumpf (later Karl Stumpf-Brentano) began. In 1848 Tomaschek began studying law at the University of Olomouc . After his father died in 1849, he went with Karl Stumpf in 1850 as a substitute teacher for philosophical propaedeutics , history and the German language at the Olomouc high school due to the lack of teachers . From 1851 he studied philosophy, German philology, history and geography at the University of Vienna under Hermann Bonitz , Heinrich Wilhelm Grauert and Karl Josef Grysar , among others . In preparation for the teaching examination , he was commissioned by Heinrich Wilhelm Grauert to write a paper on the life of the Hellenic people . He wrote 268 pages for this, which were examined after Grauert's death by Albert Jäger , who attested him good independent research and thinking, clarity in the arrangement and a flourishing language. The exam paper on the decline of the Roman Empire was also rated very positively, as was the work in the philosophical field by Franz Lott . In 1852 he passed the teaching examination and taught in Vienna at the grammar school in Josefstadt and from 1853 to 1862 at the Theresianum . There he taught history and the German language.

In 1855 he was able to "leniently of the otherwise obligatory doctorate" in Karl August Hahn with the work the unit at Schiller's Wallenstein and attempt a presentation of the most common problems and methods of ancient art research of German Literature History habilitation .

After the publication of his book Schiller in his Relationship to Science , the faculty of professors at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Vienna applied for Tomaschek to be appointed professor , with Franz Pfeiffer in particular being an advocate. Since a second chair could not be established, Tomaschek was appointed full professor for German language and literature at the University of Graz in 1862 . There he was dean of the Philosophical Faculty in 1864/1865 and from 1865 a member of the examination committee for teacher training candidates. In 1868 he was appointed professor at the University of Vienna. There he was dean of the faculty in 1871/1872, and in 1876 he was elected a member of the faculty's senate . His students included Jakob Minor and August Sauer , who received his doctorate in 1877.

Karl Tomaschek dealt with the history of literature in the 18th and 19th centuries, in particular with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Friedrich Schiller , Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing . In addition, he dealt with didactic questions of German teaching and supported the school reforms by Hermann Bonitz and Franz Serafin Exner . He was part of the editorial team of the magazine for the Austrian grammar schools founded and published by Johann Gabriel Seidl , Hermann Bonitz and Joseph Mozart, and from 1873 he was editor-in-chief for the didactic-pedagogical part.

Karl Tomaschek received an honorary doctorate from the University of Graz in 1863 . In 1867 he became a corresponding member and in 1874 a full member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in Vienna . In 1877 he was appointed councilor .

Karl Tomaschek's health deteriorated from the beginning of the 1870s, and he repeatedly suffered from breathing difficulties . In May 1878 he fell ill with catarrh , then with stomach ailment and from the end of July with acute heart disease that had been developing for a long time. After a brief recovery, he died on September 9th and was buried in the Iglau cemetery.

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literature

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Individual evidence

  1. ^ History of the University of Vienna from 1848 to 1898. Hölder, Vienna 1898, p. 349 ( archive.org )
  2. ↑ Christoph König , Birgit Wägenbaur (Ed.): Internationales Germanistenlexikon 1800–1950. Volume 3: R-Z. De Gruyter, Berlin 2003, ISBN 978-3-11-015485-6 , p. 2143 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  3. ↑ Christoph Konig , Birgit Wägenbaur (Ed.): Internationales Germanistenlexikon 1800–1950. Volume 3: R-Z. De Gruyter, Berlin 2003, ISBN 978-3-11-015485-6 , p. 1568 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  4. ^ History of the University of Vienna from 1848 to 1898. Hölder, Vienna 1898, p. 338 ( archive.org )
personal data
SURNAME Tomaschek, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tomaschek, Carl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian Germanist, literary historian and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH September 28, 1828
PLACE OF BIRTH Iglau
DATE OF DEATH September 9, 1878
Place of death Wetterhöfl near Iglau