Robert Ochsenfeld

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Robert Ochsenfeld (born May 18, 1901 in Helberhausen ; † December 5, 1993 there ) was a German physicist . Ochsenfeld discovered the Meißner-Ochsenfeld effect together with Walther Meißner in 1933 .

Life

After studying physics in Marburg, Ochsenfeld received his doctorate in 1932 with a thesis on the occurrence of ferromagnetism . As part of a funding program called “Young Academic Aid”, Ochsenfeld came to Wilhelm Steinhaus at the Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (PTR) in Berlin at the end of 1932 and then to the refrigeration laboratory headed by Meißner. At the time, it was one of the most important laboratories in the world where experimental low-temperature physics was even possible; for this purpose, a helium liquefaction plant was put into operation in 1925. The experiments that led to the discovery of the Meißner-Ochsenfeld effect were inspired by Max von Laue , who at the time was the theoretical advisor to the PTR.

Ochsenfeld left the PTR in 1933 to teach at the National Political Education Institute (Napola) Potsdam (1933–1940) until 1940 . Subsequently he was involved in the development of weapons (eg torpedo "Wren") on behalf of the Heereswaffenamt Eckernförde. In 1944 he received the Second Class War Merit Cross.

He joined the NSDAP in 1937 after the ban on entry that came into force in 1933 expired . He was a member of the National Socialist Fliegerkorps , the professional National Socialist Teachers' Union and the Reich Colonial Union .

After the end of the Nazi regime, Ochsenfeld was arrested by the British military authorities and interned as a Nazi burden until 1947 . In the further course he played a decisive role in setting up a laboratory for magnetic materials at the PTR, Physikalisch-Technische Anstalt (PTA) and Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) , continued to work on issues relating to ferromagnetic materials and was head of the department at the end of his period of service (1966) the sub-section “Basic Units and Material Constants”.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Regionales Personenlexikon, article Robert Ochsenfeld .
  2. ↑ Regionales Personenlexikon, article Robert Ochsenfeld .
  3. ↑ Regionales Personenlexikon, article Robert Ochsenfeld .

Fonts

  • The appearance of ferromagnetism in the manganese-nitrogen system . In: Annalen der Physik , Volume 5, Volume 12, Issue 3: pp. 253–384. (Philosophical dissertation from the University of Marburg)
  • W. Meissner; R. Ochsenfeld: A new effect when superconductivity occurs . In: Die Naturwissenschaften , 21 (1933): p. 787.

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Ochsenfeld, Robert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physicist
DATE OF BIRTH May 18, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Helberhausen
DATE OF DEATH 5th December 1993
Place of death Helberhausen