Ghulam Mohammad Farhad
Ghulam Mohammad Farhad (* 1901 in the Maidanshahr district of Wardak Province ; † October 6, 1984 ) was an Afghan politician and specialist in the field of electrification in Kabul . He belonged to the first generation of state scholarship holders who came to Germany in the 1920s.
Life
In 1915 the family of Ghulam Mohammad Farhad moved from Wardak to Kabul. There he attended the Habiba Lycèe (Habibia High School) founded by King Habibullah in 1904.
As part of the reform efforts initiated by Mahmud Tarzi , e.g. B. Abolition of slavery , his son-in-law King Amanullah sent young Pashtuns or Pashtuns with Dari as their mother tongue to study abroad in 1919 in order to support the development of a modern state with a constitutional monarchy in Afghanistan. From 1921 Ghulam Mohammad Farhad received a scholarship to study in Germany. In Munich he studied electrical engineering at the Technical University (today Technical University of Munich ).
In 1928 he returned to Kabul and taught in the bilingual Amani-Oberrealschule founded by Germany in 1924 as a teacher.
Farhad was the technical manager of a state-owned company. As the founder and president of the Kabul municipal utility, he called his company "Afghan Electric Company". On a business trip to Germany in 1934, he obtained generators for the power station in his home province of Chaki Wardak , one of the country's first dams, which is located about 80 km from Kabul. In 1939 he equipped the Sorobi dam on the Kabul (river) with turbines from the same German company. Kabul's cable laying and electricity meters also came from a German company.
He was mayor of Kabul from 1948 to 1954. He had the old town of Kabul modernized and new streets built. Cultural sites in the old town such as the “Char Catta” (four-roof bazaar) were also destroyed.
In 1954 he resigned as Mayor of Kabul and returned to work for the Afghan Electric Company.
After the division of the Pashtun territories, i. H. After the emergence of Pakistan , the Kabul government convened a so-called Loja Jirga in 1955 to draft a constitution . Farhad was a member of that assembly.
In 1966 he founded the Afghan Mellat Party (also Afghan Social Democratic Party, ASDP), which represented Pashtun nationalism, social democracy and anti-communism . In 1966 he was elected a member of the National Council.
In 1970 he resigned his mandate in protest against the “ineffective work of parliament”.
On October 14, 1979, he was arrested by the Hafizullah Amin government in Kabul . Twelve thousand young people were executed. In 1980 he was released from prison because of a general amnesty from Babrak Karmal . He died in Kabul on October 6, 1984.
Bibliography
- Louis Dupree: Afghanistan, 1st Edition 1973, Princeton, New Jersy p. 614 ISBN 0-691 0300 65 .
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Farhad, Ghulam Mohammad |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Afghan politician and specialist in the field of electrification |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1901 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Maidanshahr , Wardak |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 6, 1984 |