Ludolf-Hermann von Alvensleben

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Ludolf-Hermann von Alvensleben

Ludolf-Hermann Emmanuel Georg Kurt Werner von Alvensleben , mostly just Ludolf von Alvensleben , also called Bubi von Alvensleben , (born March 17, 1901 in Halle (Saale) ; † probably on April 1, 1970 in Santa Rosa de Calamuchita , Province of Córdoba , Argentina ) was a German NSDAP Reichstag delegate, SS group leader and lieutenant general of the police and Waffen SS . He is charged with numerous atrocities during World War II for which he was never held accountable for fleeing to Argentina.

Life

Origin and education

Ludolf-Hermann von Alvensleben came from the Low German noble family von Alvensleben . He was the son of the Prussian Major General Ludolf von Alvensleben (1844-1912) and his wife Antoinette, born von Ricou (born December 30, 1870 in Darmstadt; † May 23, 1950 in Halle (Saale)).

From 1911 to 1918 he was a member of the Prussian Cadet Corps . In 1918 he joined the Magdeburg Hussar Regiment No. 10 , but without being used in the First World War . In 1920 he was a member of a volunteer corps in Halle (Saale) for six weeks . Between 1923 and July 1929 he was a member of the Stahlhelm .

After the end of the war, Alvensleben completed an agricultural apprenticeship . As early as December 1912, he had inherited the manor Schloss Schochwitz in the Mansfeld lake district , which had been leased since 1849 . From 1923 to 1928 he leased the Storkau manor in the Altmark . In 1928 he took over the management of Schochwitz himself, which was heavily indebted at the time. He described himself as a gentleman in Schochwitz, Krimpe and Wils.

On May 3, 1924 he married Melitta von Guaita (born April 17, 1905 in Demmin ). The marriage had four children. André Germain described her charm and her fragile grace in one of his books. Ludolf-Hermman von Alvensleben also had (at least) one illegitimate son who was looked after by Lebensborn .

Member of the NSDAP

On August 1, 1929, Ludolf-Hermann von Alvensleben joined the NSDAP ( membership number 149.345) and SA . He headed the NSDAP's local branch in Eisleben until 1930 , and between December 1, 1929 and March 25, 1934 he was district and district manager in the Mansfeld industrial area. From 1930 to 1933 he published the National Socialist newspaper “Der Mansfelder” and was a party speaker for the NSDAP. In the SA he organized from July 1931 the Motor-SA in the Gau Halle-Merseburg . In February 1932 he resigned from the SA. Between 1930 and January 1933 Alvensleben was convicted several times, among other things for a traffic offense and in 1931 in Eisleben for insulting the social democratic district administrator Wilhelm Koch (1880-1954).

1933 to 1939

Mass rally of the land service of the Hitler Youth on February 13, 1939 in the Berlin Sports Palace. V. l. To the right: the Reichsfrauenführer Gertrud Scholtz-Klink , the Reichsführer SS Heinrich Himmler , Hitler's deputy Rudolf Heß, the Reich Youth Leader Baldur von Schirach and HJ Obergebietsführer Arthur Axmann, behind Himmler SS Oberführer Ludolf von Alvensleben, Himmler's adjutant

On February 12, 1933, Alvensleben led the attack by 600, mostly armed SS and SA men, on a workers' sports hall and a building used by the KPD in Eisleben . Four people died on this “ Ice Liver Blood Sunday ” and another 24 were seriously injured. From February 1933 to May 31, 1933 he was acting district administrator in the Eisleben district . From March 1933 to April 1934 Alvensleben was a member of the district council and district committee in Eisleben and of the provincial council of the Prussian province of Saxony . From March 5 to October 14, 1933, he was also a member of the Prussian state parliament . From November 12, 1933, Alvensleben was a member of the Reichstag, which was insignificant in the National Socialist German Reich .

In the NSDAP, Alvensleben was Gauinspector West for the Gau Halle-Merseburg from 1933 to March 25, 1934 . On April 5, 1934, he joined the SS (SS No. 177.002). As SS-Obersturmbannführer he took over SS-Standarte 46 in Dresden . On August 22, 1934, Himmler, as the “Reichsführer SS”, issued Alvensleben a “severe reprimand” for insulting a woman in Leipzig in April 1934. Since he wanted to be close to his Schochwitz estate again, he took over the leadership of SS-Standarte 26 in his native Halle on October 1, 1935. On September 20, 1936, he switched to the leadership of SS Section X in Stuttgart , and on July 1, 1937 in the same function for Section XXXIII in Schwerin . Alvensleben had achieved the rank of Oberführer in the SS on January 30, 1937 , after he had already become Standartenführer on April 20, 1936 .

From November 14, 1938 to January 31, 1941, Alvensleben worked as first adjutant to the Reichsführer SS , Heinrich Himmler. Alvensleben's activity as Himmler's adjutant actually ended on November 9, 1939.

In World War II

Ludolf von Alvensleben, leader of the “Volksdeutsche Selbstschutz” in West Prussia, Bromberg 1939

After the attack on Poland , Alvensleben was head of the so-called Volksdeutsche Selbstschutz in West Prussia from September 9 to November 22, 1939 . These units, formed from members of the German minority in Poland under the leadership of the Reich German SS, were responsible for the murder or expulsion of thousands of Polish citizens, including in Fordon . Alvensleben reported to Himmler on September 17, 1939: “The work is, Reichsführer, as you can imagine, a huge pleasure. […] Unfortunately, it is not taken as much as it is necessary and that is due to the so-called courts-martial and the local commanders of the Wehrmacht , the reserve officers and because of their civil professions are too weak. "Alvensleben was also one of the main people responsible for the massacre of Piaśnica , which killed between 10,000 and 13,000 people.

On November 3, 1939, Alvensleben acquired goods in Eichenbarleben (pl .: Rucewo) and Kleineichenbarleben (pl .: Rucewko) near Güldenhof in what was then Reichsgau Wartheland , which had previously been owned by Jews . Alvensleben acted as "trustee" until June 1943, then as "manager" of the goods. He explained this to Himmler by saying that he had to support his sister with five underage children. Already in 1937 the SS had paid Alvensleben's considerable debts.

From December 1939 to December 1940 Alvensleben was on the staff of the Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) "East", Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger , in Krakow in the General Government. During this time he was called up from April 25, 1940 to June 10, 1940 to the SS regiment "Germania" of the Waffen-SS . On May 23, 1940, Alvensleben was promoted to SS-Hauptsturmführer of the reserve in the Waffen-SS .

From February 1941 to May 1941 Alvensleben was assigned to departments of the Reich Security Main Office . From October 22, 1941, he took over the post of SS and Police Leader (SSPF) in Chernigov in northern Ukraine . On November 19, 1941, he moved to Simferopol in the Crimea as SSPF Taurien . Promoted to Major General of the Police on January 1, 1942, Alvensleben took over the role of SSPF in Nikolayev from October 6, 1943 to February 11, 1944 . Formally he was from October to December 1943 Higher SS and Police Leader (HSSPF) "Black Sea" in Army Group A , but never took up this service. Alvensleben's stay in Ukraine was marked by “drinking bouts” and frequent vacations. During his tenure in Simferopol there were mass executions , among other things he had the Jewish forced laborers used for this shot shot after a street was completed .

Promoted to SS-Gruppenführer and Lieutenant General of the Police on November 9, 1943 , Alvensleben succeeded Udo von Woyrsch in office on February 19, 1944 as Higher SS and Police Leader in Dresden and leader of the local SS section "Elbe". In this upper section was Alvensleben's heavily indebted manor in Schochwitz. Taking advantage of his official position, Alvensleben took action against Carl Wentzel , one of his creditors and owner of the estate in Teutschenthal . Several anonymous denunciations against Wentzel were received by the Alvensleben security police before he was arrested in connection with the assassination attempt of July 20, 1944 and Alvensleben was able to take over his estate again. After the assassination attempt, Wentzel hid Carl Friedrich Goerdeler in his hunting lodge in Gorenzen and was executed on December 20, 1944. In several letters to Himmler, he affirmed “how uncomfortable this strange meeting was for him.” At the end of the war, Alvensleben, who on July 1, 1944, had been appointed Lieutenant General of the Waffen SS, fled from Dresden to the west.

Escape to Argentina

In April 1945 Alvensleben was taken prisoner by the British. At the end of 1945 he managed to escape from the Neuengamme internment camp . After a short stay in Schochwitz, Alvensleben and his family took the " rat lines " to Argentina in 1946 . He lived in Buenos Aires under the name Carlos Lücke until July 1956 , when he moved to Santa Rosa de Calamuchita. An Argentine citizen since November 27, 1952, he worked as an inspector of fish farming on Lake Herrero.

In 1957, Alvensleben took part in Willem Sassen's round of talks, to which Adolf Eichmann also belonged. A protocol is received.

Attempts to prosecute Alvensleben had no consequences: A trial carried out in Thorn, Poland in the absence of Alvensleben ended with the death penalty . On January 31, 1964, the Munich District Court issued an arrest warrant for the killing of at least 4,247 Poles by units of the Volksdeutsche self-protection under Alvensleben's command in autumn 1939: "The toughest measures had to be taken against 4,247 former Polish citizens," Alvensleben had on October 5, 1939 reported to Berlin. There was no trial in Munich.

Films about Alvensleben

literature

  • Bettina Stangneth : Eichmann before Jerusalem - The undisturbed life of a mass murderer. Arche, Zurich 2011, ISBN 978-3-7160-2669-4 , section The Arbitrator: Ludolf von Alvensleben , pp. 371-380.
  • Joachim Lilla , Martin Döring, Andreas Schulz: extras in uniform. The members of the Reichstag 1933–1945. A biographical manual. Including the ethnic and National Socialist members of the Reichstag from May 1924. Droste, Düsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-7700-5254-4 .
  • Ruth Bettina Birn : The Higher SS and Police Leaders. Himmler's representative in the Reich and in the occupied territories. Droste, Düsseldorf, 1986. ISBN 3-7700-0710-7 .
  • Dermot Bradley (ed.), Andreas Schulz , Günter Wegmann: The generals of the Waffen-SS and the police. The military careers of the generals, as well as the doctors, veterinarians, intendants, judges and ministerial officials with the rank of general. Volume 1: Abraham – Gutenberger. Biblio, Bissendorf 2003, ISBN 3-7648-2373-9 , pp. 16-21.

Web links

Commons : Ludolf-Hermann Emmanuel Georg Kurt Werner von Alvensleben  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to other information, e.g. Ruth Bettina Birn, p. 330 † March 17, 1970.
  2. ↑ On Schochwitz see Schochwitz - The Castle and the Families von der Schulenburg and von Alvensleben
  3. ↑ Udo von Alvensleben (art historian) , Visits before the fall, aristocratic seats between Altmark and Masuria , compiled from diary entries and edited by Harald von Koenigswald, Frankfurt / M.-Berlin 1968, p. 149
  4. ↑ Documentation "The children of the master race" from ZDFinfo The children of the master race ( Memento from March 19, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )
  5. ^ Judgment of the Halle Regional Court of August 3, 1949 (13a StKs 22/49) in: Christiaan F. Rüter ( edit .): GDR justice and Nazi crimes. Collection of East German convictions for Nazi homicide crimes. Volume 8, Saur, Munich 2006, ISBN 978-3-598-24618-0 , pp. 97 ff.
  6. ^ Andreas Schulz, Günter Wegmann, Dieter Zinke: The generals of the Waffen SS and the police. Volume 2, Biblio-Verlag, Bissendorf, 2005. ISBN 3-7648-2592-8 . P. 670.
  7. ↑ Quoted in: Dieter Schenk: Hitler's husband in Danzig. Gauleiter Forster and the crimes in Danzig-West Prussia. Bonn, Dietz, 2000. ISBN 3-8012-5029-6 . Page 157.
  8. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from November 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.amzpbig.com
  9. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from November 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.amzpbig.com
  10. ↑ Andreas Schulz, Günter Wegmann: The generals of the Waffen SS and the police. Volume 1, Biblio-Verlag, Bissendorf, 2003. ISBN 3-7648-2373-9 . Page 20 f. The place names Rucewo and Rucewko can be found in the municipality register in 1900 , when the places belonged to the German Empire. The place name Groß-Eichenbarleben mentioned by Schulz and Wegmann cannot be proven for 1900. However, there is a place Eichenbarleben in the Magdeburg Börde . The castle there was owned by the Alvensleben family until 1859.
  11. ↑ Ruth Bettina Birn, page 382f.
  12. ^ Andreas Schulz, Günter Wegmann, page 19.
  13. ↑ Ruth Bettina Birn, page 383.
  14. ↑ On Escape and Argentina, the documentary With "Bubi" heim ins Reich , 2000.
  15. ↑ Bettina Stangneth: Eichmann before Jerusalem - The undisturbed life of a mass murderer. Arche: Zurich 2011, ISBN 978-3-7160-2669-4 .
  16. ↑ Quoted from: Dieter Schenk, page 157.
personal data
SURNAME Alvensleben, Ludolf-Hermann von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gap, Carlos; Alvensleben, Bubi von; Alvensleben, Ludolf-Hermann Emmanuel Georg Kurt Werner von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (NSDAP), MdR, MdL, adjutant Heinrich Himmler and group leader of the SS
DATE OF BIRTH March 17, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Halle (Saale)
DATE OF DEATH March 17, 1970 or April 1, 1970
Place of death Santa Rosa de Calamuchita , Cordoba , Argentina