Alvensleben (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Alvensleben

Alvensleben is the name of a Low German noble family , whose oldest known representative Wichard 1163, 1175, 1185 and 1187 as Ministerialer the Bishopric of Halberstadt appears in the records and since 1175 at the latest after the Episcopal Half urban Burg Alvensleben (now Veltheimsburg ) in Haldensleben names, so it can be assumed that he was appointed as bailiff there.

history

Erxleben Castle around 1935

The secured line of the family begins with Gebhard von Alvensleben , documented 1190-1216, who was probably Wichard's son. He appears in 1195 as City Prefect of Halberstadt and from 1202 to 1216 as Truchsess of the Bishop of Halberstadt , a hereditary office in the family. With the acquisition of Erxleben Castle around 1270 and Kalbe Castle around 1324 as well as the temporary possession of Calvörde Castle around 1396, the family rose to the castle-seated nobility of the Mark Brandenburg.

Friedrich von Alvensleben (around 1265 to 1313) was the last master of the Order of the Templars in Alemannia and Slavia. His two older brothers Gebhard IV. (Urk. 1299) and Albrecht I (Urk. 1304–1334) were the ancestors of the White and Black Line. Another, the red line, died out in 1553. The black experienced the greatest expansion and divided into numerous branches. Their fiefdoms and pledges were not only in the Diocese of Halberstadt , but also in the Archdiocese of Magdeburg , in the Mark Brandenburg and in the Duchy of Braunschweig . With Busso VIII. († 1493) and Busso X. (1468–1548) the family provided two bishops of Havelberg . Gebhard XIV. , Lord of Gardelegen and governor of the Altmark (mentioned 1393-1425), belonged to the aristocratic opposition to the new Brandenburg margrave Friedrich VI. from Hohenzollern .

The von Alvensleben belonged in the 14th and 15th centuries, together with the Bartensleben , Bismarck , Jagow , von dem Knesebeck , Platen , Schenck (von Flechtingen and Dönstedt ) as well as von der Schulenburg to the eight castle-seated families of the Altmark , who directly belonged to the governor were subject. The family provided numerous official and provincial governors in the Altmark as well as a number of generals, ministers, diplomats, canons and also some artists and scientists.

The family held the office of inheritance of the diocese and from 1648 principality of Halberstadt from around 1200 until the expiry of the Truchsess line in 1369 . On October 16, 1840, King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia renewed this office and awarded it to Count Albrecht von Alvensleben (1794-1858) - bound to the property of Erxleben II. In addition, the family had the right to present to the Prussian mansion from 1854 to 1918 . Johann Ernst von Alvensleben- Erxleben II was raised to the rank of count in 1798 and the Prussian Prime Minister Philipp Karl von Alvensleben in 1800; the son of the former, Albrecht , died childless in 1858, the latter had no offspring. With Ferdinand von Alvensleben , from 1840 onwards, the respective entails master of Erxleben I and Eimersleben castles was raised to the primogenic Prussian count, with Albrecht von Alvensleben-Schönborn in 1888 also the line of heirs to Erxleben II and Ostrometzko and, with Werner von Alvensleben, the branch at Neugattersleben Castle in 1901 .

Coat of arms graphic by Otto Hupp in the Munich calendar of 1905

Coats of arms and heirlooms

Blazon of the family coat of arms : “Two red bars in gold, the upper one with two, the lower one with a silver rose . On the helmet with red and gold covers, a branch stump growing out of it, split by red and gold, branched twice on the right and once on the left and topped with a silver rose. "

The relics of the family include a gold ring, on which according to legend the persistence and happiness of the family depended, and which can be traced back to the 15th century, kept in a Romanesque head of John the Baptist made of gold; also a Gothic chalice which, according to tradition, was gilded with part of this ring. Both pieces, which were kept in Erxleben II (frost) and Erxleben I (chalice), were saved in 1945; the cathedral chapter in Paderborn took care of the ring. Today both pieces are part of the Halberstadt Cathedral Treasury.

Personalities

Busso X. von Alvensleben (1468–1548), Bishop of Havelberg
Joachim I. von Alvensleben (1514–1588), scholar, reformer and diplomat
Valentin von Alvensleben (1529–1594), Lord of Gardelegen and Erxleben, and Anna von Veltheim in the Nikolaikirche in Gardelegen
Johann Friedrich II. Von Alvensleben (1657–1728), Hanoverian minister, builder of Hundisburg Castle
Philipp Karl Graf von Alvensleben (1745–1802), Prussian Prime Minister
Udo von Alvensleben (1897–1962), art historian

Historical possessions

The first namesake sat as bailiffs at the episcopal semi-urban castle Alvensleben , later - from around 1300 - as castle men (Castellani)

Erxleben Castle (owned by the family from 1270 to 1945) and Kalbe Castle (1324–1945) are the family's oldest ancestral seats. Erxleben was already divided up before 1300 when the line was divided. But the bond of blood kinship between the initially three and later two lines was tied again and again through cross-marriages over centuries. The often contested castle Erxleben remained a Brandenburg enclave and a strategic outpost at the intersection of important military roads in the middle of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg , near the borders of the Diocese of Halberstadt and the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel .

The family then acquired Vienau (1324-1816), Rogätz Castle (1369-1850), Uhrsleben (from 1372), Gardelegen Castle (1378-1857), Randau Castle (1391-1850), Calvörde Castle (1404-1528), Letzlingen (1404–1555), Gut Zichtau (1420–1847), Berge (1420–1813), Groß Engersen (1420–1812), Schenkenhorst (1420–1812), Schloss Hundisburg (1452–1811), where Johann Friedrich II Alvensleben had the large baroque palace built from 1693, Eichenbarleben (1453–1858), Weteritz (1472–1857), Gut Woltersdorf (before 1500, 1713–1881). In 1573 the Alvensleben from Hundisburg acquired the castle and lordship of Neugattersleben and rebuilt the castle from 1657 to 1665 (the estate remained in the family until it was expropriated in 1945).

Redekin was acquired in 1780 by the Weißen Alvensleben from Erxleben I, who gave it to the Black Line in 1787 (until 1945). In 1783 Schochwitz Castle became part of the family, and all its owners until 1912 were Prussian generals. 1832–1863 was Gohlis, Wittenmoor from 1835 in the family, from 1859 Rodehlen in the Rastenburg district in what is now the Polish part of East Prussia, from 1860 Schollene Castle , from 1869 the Oberhof Ballenstedt (restituted after 1990), from 1873 Ostrometzko and Glauchau in the West Prussian district Kulm , from 1879 Schloss Rusteberg (which became the seat of the Hundisburger Line, which became extinct in 1914 after the latter was sold in 1811), from 1884 Sülldorf (after 1990 partly repurchased) and from 1894 Falkenberg im Odervorland ( partly repurchased since 1991) and from 1933 Tankow (Neumark).

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Alvensleben  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility . Adelslexikon, Volume I, CA Starke-Verlag, Limburg 1972, p. 66.
  2. ↑ Hartwin Spenkuch: The Prussian mansion. Droste-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1998, p. 174.
  3. ↑ https://www.az-online.de/altmark/kalbe/mehr-geschichte-einer-familie-884907.html
  4. ↑ Wohlbrück I, p. 121