Calvörde Castle
| Calvörde Castle | ||
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 Calvörde Castle - print from Görges |
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| Creation time : | at 786 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Remnants of walls and buildings | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Construction: | Field stone, brick | |
| Place: | Calvörde | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 23 '46 " N , 11 ° 18' 24" E | |
| Height: | 52 m above sea level NN | |
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The Calvörde Castle is located in Calvörde in today's Saxony-Anhalt . It was first mentioned in a document in the late 13th century. Because of its border location between the territories of Brandenburg , Magdeburg and Braunschweig , it was a frequently contested facility in the late Middle Ages and modern times.
Strategic location
In the area of the upper Aller and Ohre areas, Lüneburg, Altmark, Braunschweig, Magdeburg and semi-urban areas used to be adjacent and sometimes mixed up.
Several families emerged here, such as von Bartensleben , von Alvensleben or von der Schulenburg . They played an important role because of their position on either side of these borders. They had extensive feudal lords , which helped them to be largely independent for long periods of time. A main base in this context was Calvörde, which at the southern end of the previously impassable swamp forests of the Drömling once determined the Ohre crossing of the road leading from Braunschweig into the southern Altmark .
history
Calvörde was originally owned by the Counts of Hillersleben , from whom it came to the Regenstein Harz counts through inheritance law. Brandenburg, Magdeburg and Braunschweig fought for the place for a long time. The town and several villages belonged to the castle and formed a Braunschweig exclave in what was later to be Prussian territory. Presumably through marriage to the heir daughter of the von Wedderden family, who died out in 1396, pawnbrokers on Calvörde, the rulership came to the Alvensleben from Rogätz Castle . The two ownership locations in Calvörde and Rogätz made it difficult to keep ownership. The lords of the castle often served their sovereigns as secret councils . In 1542, the Schulenburg followed the Alvensleben in pledge ownership. Thereafter, the House of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel redeemed the rule in 1571 in order to have it administered as an office in the future . From 1608 to 1615, Duke Joachim Karl held his court at the castle, and he had proven himself to be a benefactor in the market town of Calvörde. Although the castle was expanded as a fortress in the 17th century , it soon fell into disrepair.
Reconstruction image
The former appearance of the castle is preserved in two pictures. It is a merian engraving and an even older view, which is in the Fatherland Museum in Braunschweig and is supplemented by plans in the Wolfenbüttel State Archives .
The circular upper castle is an assembly from different eras. It was protected by several arms of the river Ohre and accessible via a drawbridge . Amtshof, watermill and the star-shaped gardens corresponded to the state in the 17th century. In a semicircle, the road to Gardelegen leads past the Ohre dam as it once did. The lower part of the round donjon in the middle of the inner courtyard was made of field stones and the upper part of brickwork . He was therefore called "de rode Hinrik". The tower bore the Alvensleben coat of arms and contained the castle dungeon . Above that were the armory and the tower guard's apartment on two floors . The south side of the plant began the three-storey palace with Gothic staircase tower one. On it was the Braunschweig coat of arms and an inscription with the year 1590, the year of renewal by Duke Heinrich Julius . On the upper floor of the palace there were living rooms, above the knight's hall and in the neighboring wing of the building the chapel. The castle men were housed in the northern part. The brewery, bakery and granary followed up to the gatehouse .
The crenellated crown and pointed helmet of the keep were destroyed in the Thirty Years' War . Other parts of the castle were demolished in 1737. In 1828 the castle was sold for demolition, so that the castle buildings have disappeared apart from insignificant remains.
gallery
Site plan from 1745, on the right the town of Calvörde
Cellar vault in the castle
Castle building
literature
- Udo von Alvensleben-Wittenmoor : Alvensleben castles and country houses . Dortmund 1960.
- Berent Schwineköper (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 11: Province of Saxony Anhalt (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 314). 2nd, revised and expanded edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-520-31402-9 , pp. 67-68.
- Siegmund Wilhelm Wohlbrück: Historical news of the Alvensleben family . Volume I. 1819, pp. 410-417.
