Guards
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 52 ° 32 ' N , 11 ° 24' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony-Anhalt | |
| County : | Altmarkkreis Salzwedel | |
| Height : | 43 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 632.43 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 22,251 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 35 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postcodes : | 39638, 39649 | |
| Primaries : | 03907, 039004, 039006, 039056, 039084, 039085, 039087, 039088 | |
| License plate : | SAW, GA, KLZ | |
| Community key : | 15 0 81 135 | |
| LOCODE : | DE GAR | |
| NUTS : | DEE04 | |
City administration address : |
Rudolf-Breitscheid-Strasse 3 39638 Gardelegen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayoress : | Mandy Schumacher ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the town of Gardelegen in the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel | ||
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The Hanseatic city of Gardelegen is a medium- sized town in the Altmark district of Salzwedel in Saxony-Anhalt . After Berlin and Hamburg, it is the third largest city in Germany in terms of area . Only the core town of Gardelegen has urban structures, the other 48 districts and the numerous residential areas are scattered in rural areas.
geography
Gardelegen is located in the southwest Altmark between Berlin and Hanover , north of Magdeburg . Neighboring communities are Klötze and Kalbe (Milde) in Altmarkkreis Salzwedel, Bismark (Altmark) , Stendal and Tangerhütte in the district of Stendal and Burgstall , Westheide , Calvörde and Oebisfelde-Weferlingen in the district of Börde. Since the incorporation of 18 formerly independent municipalities on January 1, 2011, Gardelegen has been the third largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg with an area of over 630 km² . Striking and widely visible landmarks of the city are the three towers of the Nikolaikirche , the town hall and the Marienkirche . In addition, the nearby Altmark military training area in the Letzlingen district is a location for the Bundeswehr in the Hanseatic city of Gardelegen.
City structure
The city is divided into 26 localities (former municipalities). They include the same name and other districts with living spaces.
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Districts (former municipalities) that did not form a village:
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climate
| The average air temperature in Gardelegen is 8.5 ° C, the annual rainfall is 563 millimeters. |
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history
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The first written mention comes from the year 1121 as Gardeleve , when the Halberstadt bishop Reinhard confirmed the statutes and property of the Schöningen monastery .
A mention of Gardelege as the seat of the Heinricus comes de Gardelege is dated to the year 1186. Count Heinrich von Gardelegen , a brother of Margrave Otto II of Brandenburg, appears this year as a witness to a document from the Bishop of Brandenburg, which is in the Brandenburg Cathedral monastery archive. In the fiefdom of Brandenburg goods to the Archdiocese of Magdeburg, Gardelegen is also mentioned in 1196 as a castle (castrum) and Flecken (oppidum) (see also Gardelegen Castle ). The award of the brewing rights took place 1314. Since then has been in Gardelegen Garleybier brewed. In 1316 the city acquired the Schulzenamt and with it the "High Jurisdiction". Gardelegen joined the Altmark League of Towns in 1353 and the Hanseatic League in 1358 . In 1488 there was a beer squire dispute with the elector. In 1553 the construction of the city fortifications with Magdeburg, Stendaler and Salzwedeler Tor was completed.
In the years 1658, 1667 and 1685 city fires destroyed large parts of Gardelegen. In 1715 Gardelegen received a Brandenburg-Prussian garrison. After the formation of the district of Gardelegen with 144 villages, Gardelegen became a district town in 1816.
In 1937 Gardelegen became a garrison town again, and the riding and driving school of the province of Saxony on Bismarker Landstrasse became the remonteschool for cavalry training .
In the final phase of the Second World War, 52 people died on March 15, 1945 in an attack by the 8th Air Force on the railway facilities at Gardelegen. The Nikolaikirche and other buildings were destroyed. On April 13, 1945, a mass murder took place near Gardelegen: in the Isenschnibber field barn , the SS murdered 1,016 concentration camp prisoners on the instructions of the NSDAP district leader Gerhard Thiele and with the support of the townspeople. A day later, the city was handed over to the US Army without a fight . In the summer of 1945, as agreed, the Americans withdrew from the part of the Soviet occupation zone they had occupied . Red Army troops moved into Gardelegen.
In 1952 Gardelegen became a district town in the Magdeburg district . On March 10, 1964, the Soviet anti-aircraft defense shot down a US RB-66 reconnaissance aircraft near the city . The occupation was accused of espionage. Gardelegen lost its district town status on July 1, 1994 and has been a district town of the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel ever since. Since May 28, 2008, the city has had the addition of the Hanseatic City to its name . From June 24th to 26th, 2011, the city hosted the 15th Saxony-Anhalt Day , which took place under the motto “On all roads - off to Gardelegen” and was attended by around 150,000 guests.
Incorporations
On July 1, 2009, the municipalities of the administrative community Gardelegen Stadt were incorporated into Gardelegen and the city thus a unified municipality. On January 1, 2010 Jeseritz , Potzehne , Roxförde , Wannefeld , Wiepke and Zichtau were incorporated . On January 1, 2011, the towns of Breitenfeld, Dannefeld, Estedt, Hottendorf, Jävenitz, Jeggau, Jerchel, Kassieck, Köckte, Letzlingen, Lindstedt, Mieste, Miesterhorst, Peckfitz, Sachau, Seethen, Sichau and Solpke were incorporated by a resolution of the state parliament .
Population development
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Source:
politics
City council
The local elections on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following composition of the Gardelegen City Council:
| Party / list | Be right % | Seats |
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| CDU | 28.6 | 10 |
| left | 17.7 | 6th |
| SPD | 17.3 | 6th |
| AfD | 15.9 | 6th |
| FDP | 2.7 | 1 |
| Groups of voters | 15.6 | 6th |
| Individual applicants | 2.1 | 1 |
| total | 100% | 36 |
mayor
Mandy Schumacher (SPD), until 2019 Mandy Zepig, has been the city's mayor since July 2015.
Previous incumbent (sketchy):
- 1881-1923: Julius Beck
- 1924 - ????: Walter Bethge
- 1945: ???? (used by a US city commander)
- 1945 - ????: Johannes Hampe (SPD) (installed by the Soviet headquarters)
- 1951 - ????: Rolf Schwarz (NDPD)
- 1953 - ????: Franz Schröder (NDPD)
- ???? - ????: ????
- (in the 1960s): Fred Heinemann (SED)
- ???? - ????: ????
- ???? - ????: Werner Heinker
- ???? - ????: ????
- (in the 1980s): Heinz Hubold
- (in the 1980s): Peter Kwandt (SED)
- ???? - ????: ????
- 1990–1994: Hartmut Krüger (CDU)
- 1994–2001: Hannelore von Baehr
- 2001–2015: Konrad Fuchs (SPD)
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on July 5, 2004 by the Ministry of the Interior.
Blazon : “Split in silver; at the front of the gap a red eagle with golden armor, at the back three green hop plants with umbels and leaves growing on green stalks.
The colors of the city are red-white-green.
The oldest known seals date from the years 1309 and 1327 and already show five whips next to the half Brandenburg eagle , which apparently were supposed to represent hop stalks , as the brewing trade was already widespread in Gardelegen at the beginning of the 14th century. All later seals and coats of arms clearly show hop poles with leaves and flowers, with four and three poles. Today there are three, which also corresponds to the representation of the coat of arms carved in stone from 1553 on the Stendaler Tor.
flag
The city's flag is red - white - green (1: 1: 1) striped (horizontal format stripes horizontally, longitudinal stripes running vertically) and centered with the city coat of arms.
Town twinning
Gardelegen has partnerships with the following cities:
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Gifhorn in Lower Saxony
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Waltrop in North Rhine-Westphalia
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Darłowo / Rügenwalde in Poland
Culture and sights
Attractions
- the ramparts - it surrounds almost the entire city center and is part of the Saxony-Anhalt garden dreams network
- the town hall with its high tower on a triangular square in the city center with the Roland statue from 2002
- old half-timbered houses in the city center
- the Otto Reutter monument, a bronze figure in the pedestrian zone
- Salzwedeler Tor
- Stendal Gate
- Remains of the city wall
- Isenschnibbe Castle
Churches and monasteries
Core city
- The Marienkirche , named after Maria (mother of Jesus) , is located on Philipp-Müller-Straße. The five-aisled church building has been structurally changed several times over the centuries; today it belongs to the Protestant parish of Gardelegen in the parish of Salzwedel.
- The Nikolaikirche , named after Nikolaus von Myra , is located on the Holzmarkt. It was also structurally changed several times over the centuries. On March 15, 1945, as a result of the Second World War , it was almost completely destroyed by an air raid, and has been in ruins ever since; only the tower and the choir were restored. In 1977 it was decommissioned by the Protestant parish; most recently the choir was used for cultural events.
- The Catholic Church of St. Michael , named after the Archangel Michael , is located on Philipp-Müller-Straße. It was 1898 in the style of Gothic Revival built and enriched by a small free-standing bell tower of 2002. Your parish, which bears the name St. Hildegard , belongs to the deanery of Stendal.
- The St. Georg chapel is located on the street "Vor dem Salzwedeler Tor" and is now used as a gallery.
- A New Apostolic church is located on the Holzweg, its congregation belongs to the Stendal church district.
Others
- The church of the former Cistercian convent Neuendorf , which dates back to the 13th century, is today a Protestant parish church in the district of Neuendorf Monastery.
Memorials and memorials
- Monument to the Association of Those Persecuted by the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists (VVN) Stendaler Strasse, by Rudolf Wewerka
- Gravesites for concentration camp prisoners and forced laborers in the cemeteries of the city and the incorporated districts
- Soviet cemetery of honor for 245 Red Army soldiers and prisoners of war
- Memorial stone for the Jewish victims of the Shoah
- Stumbling blocks in memory of the deported and murdered Jewish residents of the city
- Isenschnibbe Gardelegen field barn memorial
On April 13, 1945, 1,016 concentration camp prisoners were murdered in a barn on the Isenschnibbe estate on the northeastern outskirts of the city . Concentration camp guards, air force soldiers, members of the Reich Labor Service , the Volkssturm and other local actors were involved in the surveillance and murder . The order for mass murder was given by the NSDAP district leader Gerhard Thiele , who was convicted in absentia in the Soviet occupation zone in 1946 , but was able to go into hiding in what would later become the Federal Republic and died in 1994 as an "innocent citizen" under the name of "Gerhard Lindemann" near Bochum .
Sports
The city was one of the venues for the 2006 soccer World Cup for people with disabilities . The city's clubs also offer various sports options, for example basketball, tennis, football, equestrian sports, rhythmic gymnastics, bike ball, athletics, table tennis, volleyball and chess. The local aviation club Gardelegen operates glider and motor flight as well as the associated training.
Regular events
- New year's reception of the Hanseatic city of Gardelegen
- Anniversary of the massacre in the Isenschnibber field barn
- Hanseatic Festival
- Metal Frenzy Open Air Festival, a metal event that took place for the first time in August 2014 in the East industrial area at the water park in the Hanseatic city of Gardelegen
- Under the title "Culture in Special Places", the Altmark Festival , based in Gardelegen, has been holding concerts and events under the title "Culture in Special Places" throughout the Altmark since 2014. Since 2017, the festival has been sponsored by a non-profit GmbH founded by seven entrepreneurs from Altmark.
education
There are the following schools in the Hanseatic city:
- Evangelical primary school in Gardelegen
- Special school for people with learning disabilities "Rosa Luxemburg"
- School for the mentally handicapped "Karl-Friedrich Wilhelm Wander"
- Elementary school "Johann Wolfgang von Goethe"
- Elementary school "Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Wander"
- Elementary school "Otto Reutter"
- Jävenitz primary school
- Letzlingen primary school
- Mieste primary school
- "Geschwister Scholl" high school
- Secondary school "Am Drömling"
- "Karl Marx" secondary school
Economy and Infrastructure
The largest companies in Gardelegen include Eldisy GmbH, Wipag Nord GmbH & Co. KG, AKT Altmärker Kunststofftechnik GmbH and NTN Antriebstechnik GmbH. Ikea had Billy shelves produced by their daughter Swedwood in Gardelegen during the GDR era. In September 2009 it was announced that production with 250 employees will be stopped due to sales problems and will be relocated to another location.
Established businesses
The Garley brewery existed from 1314 to 2013. In the 19th century, Gardelegen and the Altmark were among the most important hop-growing areas in Germany.
Transport links
Road traffic
The B 71 Magdeburg - Salzwedel - Uelzen and the B 188 Wolfsburg - Stendal - Rathenow cross in Gardelegen .
Rail transport
In addition, the Hanover – Berlin high-speed line and the parallel Berlin – Lehrte railway run through the town. The city's five train stations are located at the latter ; In addition to a train station in the core town of Gardelegen, there are train stations in the districts of Miesterhorst, Mieste, Solpke and Jävenitz. The railway line to Haldensleben branched off from Gardelegen station until 1951 . Today only one Bundeswehr barracks in Letzlingen is served over this route . Gardelegen is usually every hour of regional trains of Abellio Rail Central Germany towards Stendal and Wolfsburg with Alstom Coradia LINT trains on serve.
Bus transport
Local public transport is provided, among other things, by the PlusBus of the Saxony-Anhalt state network . The following connection leads through Gardelegen:
- Line 100: Salzwedel ↔ Klötze ↔ Gardelegen ↔ Haldensleben ↔ Magdeburg
The bus traffic in the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel operates the Personenverkehrsgesellschaft Altmarkkreis Salzwedel mbH (PVGS) as well as the public dial-a-bus service in Gardelegen.
Air traffic
The Gardelegen airfield with the status of a special landing site is located west of the city and is operated by the Gardelegen Aviation Club.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Andreas Pouchenius the Elder (1526–1600), Lutheran theologian
- Johann Magdeburg (around 1530–1565), Protestant spiritual poet
- Christian Francken (1550–1611), Jesuit and Unitarian theologian
- Joachim Lange (1670–1744), Protestant theologian
- Lambert Gedicke (1683–1735 / 36), Protestant theologian and hymn poet
- Johann Wilhelm Weinmann (1683–1741), pharmacist and botanist
- Ernst Christoph Nolte (1733–1761), Protestant clergyman and field preacher
- Christoph August Tiedge (1752–1841), poet
- Friedrich Gottlieb von Busse (1756–1835), mathematician, physicist and university professor
- Johann Wilhelm Bornemann (1767-1851), director of the Prussian state lottery and poet ( In the forest and on the heath )
- Ferdinand Graf von Alvensleben (1803–1889), landowner and member of the Prussian manor house
- Ludolf Parisius (1827–1900), local researcher
- Rudolf Lindau (1829–1910), writer and diplomat
- Friedrich Zimmer (1855–1919), theologian
- August Mertens (1864–1931), nature conservationist and museum director
- Otto Reutter (1870–1931), comedian, singer and actor
- Hans Richard Heinmann (1875–1947), painter and graphic artist
- Otto Gabcke (1882–1942), general
- Georg Rößler (* 1887), mayor and district administrator in Gardelegen
- Werner Lindenau (1892–1975), rear admiral in World War II
- Werner Preuss (1894–1919), officer
- Heinrich Detloff von Kalben (1898–1966), officer and politician
- Elvira Lippitz (* 1927), local politician, born in today's Jävenitz district
- Christa Stubnick (* 1933), track and field athlete
- Bernd-Jürgen Fischer (* 1943), linguist and translator
- Karl Martin Holzhäuser (* 1944), photographer and university professor
- Arthur König (* 1950), CDU politician
- Uwe Dag Berlin (* 1958), actor
- Armin Kleinau (* 1961), politician
- Raymond Hecht (* 1968), athlete
- Markus Matthias Krüger (* 1981), painter
- Alexander Hübe (* 1983), handball goalkeeper
- Isabelle Knipp (* 1993), soccer player
- Josefine Heinemann (* 1998), chess player
People connected to the city
- Gebhard XIV. Von Alvensleben (mentioned 1393–1425), lord of the castle at Gardelegen
- Werner II of Alvensleben (mentioned 1429–1472), lord of the castle at Gardelegen
- Bartholomaeus Rieseberg (1492–1566), Protestant theologian and student of Martin Luther, died here
- Balthasar Crusius (1550–1630), 1586–1587 rector of the Latin school in Gardelegen
- Karl August Lingner (1861–1916), the ODOL factory owner lived in Gardelegen from 1877 to 1883, received a commercial training here
- Hermann Westermann (1869–1959), lived 1909–1945 in Siems (today Gardelegen), landowner and politician
- Gerhard Thiele (1909–1994), NSDAP district leader in Gardelegen, one of those responsible for the massacre in the Isenschnibber field barn
- Erhard Brauny (1913–1950), SS-Hauptscharführer, one of those responsible for the massacre in the Isenschnibber field barn
- Richard W. Sonnenfeldt (1923–2009), American engineer and author, grew up in Gardelegen
- Helmut Sonnenfeldt (1926–2012), American government official, grew up in Gardelegen
literature
- Herbert Becker: Gardelegen - a thousand years of a city. Sutton, Erfurt 2011, ISBN 978-3-86680-840-9 .
- Helmut Friedrich (Ed.): Gardelegen - In the stream of time. City mirror Gardelegen.
- Helmut Friedrich (ed.): The old Hanseatic city of Gardelegen. City mirror Gardelegen, Gardelegen 2011.
- Peter Flick: Gardelegen in old views. European Library, Zaltbommel 1997, ISBN 90-288-5293-X .
- Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local lexicon for the Altmark (Historical local lexicon for Brandenburg, Part XII) . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-2235-5 , pp. 713-730 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, population of the municipalities - as of December 31, 2019 (PDF) (update) ( help ).
- ↑ a b Main statutes of the Hanseatic city of Gardelegen (PDF; 39 kB)
- ↑ District directory of the state of Saxony-Anhalt (directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality), territorial status January 2014, State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, Halle (Saale), 2016
- ^ German Weather Service, normal period 1961-1990
- ↑ 2011 census database, Gardelegen, Hanseatic City, age + gender
- ^ Lutz Partenheimer : Albrecht the Bear, the Altmark and the first mention of Stendal . In: Stadt Stendal, Altmärkisches Museum Stendal (ed.): 850 years of the Hanseatic City of Stendal - the Stendal market and foundation privilege. Scientific Colloquium on October 10 and 11, 2015. Oschersleben 2018, ISBN 978-3-86289-162-7 , pp. 39 .
- ^ Adolph Friedrich Riedel : Codex diplomaticus Brandenburgensis : Collection of documents, chronicles and other source documents . Main part 1st volume 17 . Berlin 1859, p. 428 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Hermann Krabbo : Regest of the Margraves of Brandenburg [...]. No. 457
- ^ Herbert Becker: Gardelegen: a thousand years of one city . Sutton Verlag GmbH, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86680-840-9 , pp. 84–.
- ^ Daniel Blatman: The Death Marches 1944/45.
- ↑ Documentation ( Memento from February 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ): Michael Marten War in the Clouds - aerial espionage over the GDR. D, 2007.
- ↑ Municipal reshuffle law for the Altmarkkreis Salzwedel
- ↑ without women
- ↑ a b with the military
- ^ Peter P. Rohrlach: Historical local dictionary for the Altmark (Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part XII) . Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-8305-2235-5 , pp. 730 .
- ↑ State Returning Officer Saxony-Anhalt: Results of the 2019 city council election , accessed on May 12, 2020
- ^ Herbert Becker: Gardelegen. A thousand years of a city. Sutton Verlag, 2011
- ↑ az-online.de: Only 30.8 percent voter turnout in the 39 polling stations in the future city of Gardelegen / Several previous elected - city council election - and hardly anyone went, November 29, 2010
- ↑ volksstimme.de: The new city councils ...: They want to help where help is needed , February 28, 2011
- ↑ Altmark-Festspiele now function as a GmbH based in Gardelegen - Festival on new feet. az-online.de from February 24, 2017, accessed on February 24, 2017.
- ↑ Ikea stops production - one last “Billy” shelf from Gardelegen. In: tagesschau.de. Norddeutscher Rundfunk, September 25, 2009, archived from the original on February 20, 2010 ; accessed on January 4, 2016 .
Ackendorf | Algenstedt | Mountains | Breitenfeld | Dannefeld | Estedt | Gardelegen | Hemstedt | Hottendorf | Ipse | Jävenitz | Jeggau | Jerchel | Jeseritz | Barge climb | Kassieck | Neuendorf Monastery | Köckte | Laatzke | Saplings | Lindenthal | Lindstedt | Lindstedterhorst | Lotsche | Lüffingen | Mieste | Miesterhorst | Parleib | Peckfitz | Polvitz | Potente | Roxförde | Sachau | Schenkenhorst | Seethen | Sichau | Siems | Solpke | Tarnefitz | Taterberg | Trüstedt | Wannefeld | Wernitz | Weteritz | Wiepke | Wollenhagen | Zichtau | Zienau | Ziepel