Kalbe Castle
| Kalbe Castle | ||
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 Kalbe castle ruins |
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| Alternative name (s): | Calbe | |
| Creation time : | around 900 to 1000 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Place: | Calf | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 39 '14.5 " N , 11 ° 23' 46.9" E | |
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The Burg Kalbe , formerly Calbe written, is the ruin of a Wasserburg between two arms of gentleness in the urban area of the town Kalbe in Altmark Salzwedel in Saxony-Anhalt .
The moated castle was built in the 10th century as a Saxon border fortress against the Wends , probably on the site of a Slavic hill fort in the Milde swamp. A nunnery founded in their protection, which the Obotrites devastated in 983, existed here until 1121. The castle belonged to the four Altmark castle warden, which administered the lordly court and defense districts, besides Tangermünde , Osterburg and Arneburg . These protected the Frankish colonized area and the mission monasteries between the Elbe and Milde.
The castle was by three ditches and four forecourts well protected and entrenchments against attackers. It gave its name to the von Kalben noble family from the Brandenburg region , who were mentioned in documents in connection with the castle in 1207 and who performed ministerial service here . At the end of June 1240, the castle was destroyed in the Teltow War and the Magdeburg War , when Margrave Johann I of Brandenburg besieged the complex, where the wounded Magdeburg Archbishop Wilbrand von Käfernburg went after the heavy defeat of June 24 at the Battle of the Biese, had fled with the remains of his faithful.
In 1300 the von Kröcher family became feudal bearers. After the Ascanians from Brandenburg had died out , the Guelphs took over the Altmark and enfeoffed the noble von Alvensleben family with the castle in 1324 , which the rulers had bought from Kröcher. The Alvensleben expanded the castle, which was in ruins at the time, into the largest castle in the Altmark ; Water from the Milde was brought in via dams to fill newly dug moats. So the Calbesche Werder and all the villages were transformed into a fortified island defended by external works. The extensive earthworks and waterworks represented an important technical achievement. In connection with the secured city and the external works, the fortress offered space for larger armies, whose provisions were secured by protected pasture and arable land, mills and villages. Only a large ring of siege could contain Calbe.
Kalbe and Bismark were media cities and, until the Prussian reforms at the beginning of the 19th century, court districts of the lords of the castle, who also owned property in 73 villages until the 18th century. The rule of Calbe was the joint condominium of several lines of the von Alvensleben family, who jointly appointed a commanding officer at the castle. The castle was last renovated in 1479. In the Thirty Years' War in 1631 the walls and ramparts were razed and the castle fell into ruin; the rule remained and in 1795 came into the sole ownership of Alvensleben at Neugattersleben Castle .
The former castle complex on a swamp nest in the Kalbe Werder had a castle area of 360 meters in diameter and was still clearly visible in the area in 1584. In 1903 the von Alvensleben family prepared the castle ruins in such a way that they no longer fell into disrepair. The castle owners were expropriated in 1945. Today the ruins of the chapel , the gate and the house are still preserved. The castle is a listed building .
literature
- Heinrich Detloff von Kalben : Lübeck councilors from Märkisches nobility. In: Der Wagen 1966, pp. 42–47
- Udo v. Alvensleben-Wittenmoor: The Alvensleben in Calbe 1324-1945 , edited by Reimar v. Alvensleben, Falkenberg August 2010 (180 S).
Web links
- Entry on Kalbe Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen".
- Stories about calves at kalbe-milde.de
- Kalbe Castle on the website of the von Alvensleben family
- Kalbe Castle on Burgenwelt.org (German)