Tangermünde Castle
| Tangermünde Castle | ||
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 Tangermünde Castle on the Elbe |
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| Alternative name (s): | Tangermünde Castle | |
| Creation time : | around 925 | |
| Castle type : | Location | |
| Conservation status: | Castle gate, residential tower, chancellery, keep preserved | |
| Standing position : | Count, prince, king, emperor | |
| Place: | Tangermünde | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 32 '34 " N , 11 ° 58' 39" E | |
| Height: | 43 m above sea level NN | |
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The castle Tangermünde , including Schloss Tangermünde called, is a partially preserved castle in the town of Tangermünde on the Elbe in the district of Stendal in Saxony-Anhalt .
history
The castle was built around 925 by Ascanian margraves . Presumably it was used for border surveillance at the Tangermouth in the Elbe. Tangier Castle was first mentioned in 1009 in a chronicle of Bishop Thietmar von Merseburg . In the 10th and 11th centuries it was an imperial castle and secured the German imperial border on the Elbe. The city of Tangermünde was founded in the 13th century.
On September 7, 1373, Emperor Charles IV moved into the castle after he had appointed his 12-year-old son Wenzel as Elector of Brandenburg. He had previously bought the land from the Wittelsbach family ; His main concern was Brandenburg's electoral vote (the Luxembourgers already had the Bohemian vote ), with whose help the election of emperors from the House of Luxembourg was to be secured in the future. The following year the emperor had the castle expanded in a manner similar to a palace. He had chosen Tangermünde, which could be easily reached from his Bohemian homeland via the Elbe, as the Brandenburg capital instead of the older princely seat of Brandenburg an der Havel , from which the north-eastern territories of the House of Luxembourg were to be governed. In 1377 the castle chapel (first mentioned in 1371) was converted into an Augustinian canon monastery . However, neither Emperor Karl nor his successor Wenzel nor his half-brother Sigismund , to whom Wenzel ceded Brandenburg in 1378, stayed for a long time in Tangermünde Castle.
After the death of Emperor Charles IV there was an uneasy development in the march until Sigismund, King of the Romans since 1411, enfeoffed the Hohenzollern with land and electoral hat in 1415 in return for appropriate payment; they were supposed to pacify the Mark ruled by a rebellious nobility. Elector Friedrich I initially resided in Tangermünde. The original goal of Charles IV to make Tangermünde permanent capital was not pursued by the Hohenzollern, firstly because the dynastic connection to Bohemia had ceased, and secondly because the twin cities of Berlin - Cölln had developed into the trading center of the Eastern Mark during Tangermünde, located near the state border, was in the shadow of Magdeburg . Friedrich II therefore had the Berlin Palace built as his residence from 1442 onwards and Johann Cicero gave up Tangermünde Castle as his seat entirely after the citizens rebelled against a beer tax in 1488 .
As a result, the castle developed into the administrative center of the Altmark and Prignitz . In 1640 the castle was burned down by Swedish troops. In 1699, Elector Friedrich III. build the "Amtshaus" and inspected it in 1701 as King Friedrich I.
20th century
Reconstruction began in 1902.
Until the German reunification, the former castle ("Amt I") was a children's hospital, the "old chancellery" was empty. “Amt II” were tenement houses, the monument site was always a park. After the fall of the Wall, vacancies and the decay of the building fabric in Amt I. The apartment houses were still inhabited, but in a very desolate condition, and the gardens were overgrown.
Todays use
Amt I was sold in 1999, the new owner converted it into a hotel with a ballroom and gardens, Amt II was bought in 2005 and, along with the new, public wellness facility “Kaisertherme”, is also part of the hotel business, as is a large lawn at the Kapitelturm and the gardens.
The old chancellery belongs to the city of Tangermünde and is used by the hotel for various events ("Schlosshotel Tangermünde"). The courtyard serves as the hotel terrace. The house "Queen Luise" in the Schloss Freiheit was bought in 2009 to the hotel and converted into a conference and event center with a ballroom.
The castle gate , the old chancellery, the round keep ("prison tower"), a residential tower ("chapter tower "), the moat and the circular walls around the outer and main castle and the Augustinian monastery on the western wall have been preserved from the medieval castle complex. The former office building probably stands on the foundations of the former palace .
After extensive renovation work, the 50 meter high chapter tower has been accessible as a lookout tower since May 2003 as part of guided tours .
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Chapter tower of Tangermünde Castle
The late Gothic old chancellery
The baroque office building (castle hotel)
literature
- Moebius: The restoration of two towers of the old imperial palace in Tangermünde. In: Die Denkmalpflege , Volume 6, No. 6 (May 11, 1904), pp. 45–47.
- Bruno J. Sobotka (Ed.): Castles, palaces, manor houses in Saxony-Anhalt. Theiss, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8062-1101-9 .
- Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe: Castles of the German Middle Ages. Floor plan lexicon. Special edition. Flechsig, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-88189-360-1 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Source: Information board on the hotel premises.
- ^ Chapter tower on the website of the city administration Tangermünde