Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej

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Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej

Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej , ([ˈɟeorɟe ɟeorˈɟiu ˈdeʒ], pronunciation ? / I ), (born November 8, 1901 in Bârlad ; † March 19, 1965 in Bucharest ) was a Romanian politician . Audio file / audio sample

Life

Early years

Gheorghiu-Dej, the son of a simple worker, grew up in poor conditions. At the age of eleven he had to leave school and take on various jobs. He eventually became an electrician for the Romanian railways , where, after completing his military service, he organized a strike in 1933 and was sentenced to twelve years of hard labor. After Romania terminated the alliance with Germany during World War II , he took over the leadership of the Romanian Communist Party (PCR) on August 23, 1944 .

In power

In October 1945, with Stalin's approval, he was finally elected Secretary General of the PCR, which in 1948 was renamed Partidul Muncitoresc Român (Romanian Workers' Party, PMR). From 1944 to 1948 Gheorghiu-Dej was Minister (1944–1946 Minister of Communications, 1946–1947 Minister of Economics, 1947–1948 Minister of Industry and Trade), from 1948 to 1952 First Deputy Prime Minister and from 1952 to 1955 Prime Minister , then from 1961 to 1965 as Chairman of the State Council the head of state of Romania.

Gheorghiu-Dej is responsible for the close-knit structure of the Securitate security service , initiated the Sovietization of Romania in the 1950s, forced collectivization in 1962 and began the construction of the Danube-Black Sea Canal by political prisoners. During his reign, the Pitesti experiment on political prisoners , who had to torture one another and extort confessions , also fell. In the 1950s and 1960s, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej increasingly led a course of relative distance from the Soviet Union . He died of lung cancer in March 1965, one day after his re-election as Chairman of the State Council . His successor as party leader was Nicolae Ceaușescu , as chairman of the State Council Chivu Stoica .

Today's industrial city Oneşti was named after him in March 1965 , which was then on the drawing board for the chemical industry, among other things. After the 1989 revolution , the city was given its previous name again in May 1996. The Russian city of Liski was also named after Gheorghiu-Dej (Георгиу-Деж) between 1965 and 1991.

See also

Works

  • 30 years of the party's struggle under the banner of Lenin and Stalin: Report to the festive assembly on May 8, 1951 in honor of the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Romanian Communist Party. (= International Series, Issue 18). Dietz Verlag, Berlin, 1953; DNB 451539532 .
  • Articles and speeches: Selection from the years 1945 - 1952. Dietz-Verlag, Berlin 1955; DNB 451539524
  • Articles and speeches: December 1955 - July 1959. Politischer Verlag, Bucharest 1959; DNB 573237182
  • Articles and speeches: August 1959 - May 1961. Politischer Verlag, Bucharest 1961; DNB 573237190
  • Articles and speeches: June 1961 - December 1962. Politischer Verlag, Bucharest 1963; DNB 573237204

Web links

Commons : Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej . In: Encyclopædia Britannica ; accessed on March 22, 2015 (English)
  2. ↑ a b Died: Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej . Der Spiegel 13/1965 of March 24, 1965, p. 138.
personal data
SURNAME Gheorghiu-Dej, Gheorghe
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Romanian politician
DATE OF BIRTH November 8, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Bârlad
DATE OF DEATH March 19, 1965
Place of death Bucharest