List of heads of state of Romania
This is a list of the heads of state of Romania since the proclamation of the Romanian state on December 24, 1861.
List of incumbents
Fürstentum Romania ( 1859 -1881) | ||||||||
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No. | image | Surname | Function / title | Start of office | End of office | House | Remarks | |
1 | Alexandru Ioan I. Cuza | Prince | December 24, 1861 | February 11, 1866 | Cuza | Start of office on the day of the proclamation of Romania, but still under Ottoman rule. He was overthrown by a military coup on February 22, 1866, and by the date of the change in power he was already in exile . | ||
- | Lascăr Catargiu | "Locotenență Domnească" | February 11, 1866 | May 10, 1866 | - | ad interim | ||
Nicolae Golescu | ||||||||
col. Nicolae Haralambie | ||||||||
2 | Karl I. , (Carol I.) | Prince | May 10, 1866 | March 25, 1881 | Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | Military coup, followed by a referendum | ||
Kingdom of Romania (1881-1947) | ||||||||
No. | image | Surname | Function / title | Start of office | End of office | House | Remarks | |
1 | Karl I. , (Carol I.) | king | March 26, 1881 | October 10, 1914 | Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | |||
2 | Ferdinand I. | king | October 10, 1914 | July 20, 1927 | Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | |||
3 | Michael I. (Mihai I.) | king | July 20, 1927 | June 8, 1930 | Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | |||
4th | Charles II | king | June 8, 1930 | September 6, 1940 | Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | |||
(3) | Michael I. (Mihai I.) | king | September 6, 1940 | December 30, 1947 | Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen | |||
Communist Romania (1947-1989) | ||||||||
No. | image | Surname | Function / title | Start of office | End of office | Political party | Remarks | |
- | Constantin Ion Parhon | President of the Provisional Presidium of the Romanian People's Republic | December 31, 1947 | April 13, 1948 | PCR / PMR | |||
1 | President of the Presidium of the National Assembly | April 13, 1948 | June 2, 1952 | |||||
2 | Petru Groza | President of the Presidium of the National Assembly | June 2, 1952 | January 7, 1958 (deceased in office) |
FP (1952–1953) non-party (1953–1958) |
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- | Mihail Sadoveanu | Acting President of the Presidium of the National Assembly | January 7, 1958 | January 11, 1958 | PMR | |||
- | Anton Moisescu | PMR | ||||||
3 | Ion Gheorghe Mason | President of the Presidium of the National Assembly | January 11, 1958 | March 21, 1961 | PMR | |||
1 | Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej | Chairman of the Council of State | March 21, 1961 | March 19, 1965 (deceased in office) |
PMR | |||
- | Ion Gheorghe Mason | Acting Chairwoman of the Council of State | March 19, 1965 | March 24, 1965 | PMR | |||
- | Ștefan Voitec | PMR | ||||||
- | Avram Bunaciu | PMR | ||||||
2 | Chivu Stoica | Chairman of the Council of State | March 24, 1965 | December 9, 1967 | PMR / PCR | |||
3 | Nicolae Ceaușescu | Chairman of the Council of State | December 9, 1967 | December 25, 1989 (discontinued) |
PCR | Sentenced to death and executed after the revolution | ||
1 | president | March 28, 1974 | December 25, 1989 (discontinued) |
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Romania (since 1989) | ||||||||
No. | image | Surname | Function / title | Start of office | End of office | Political party | Remarks | |
2 | Ion Iliescu | president | December 25, 1989 | April 7, 1992 | FSN | initially in office, confirmed by elections from May 20, 1990 | ||
April 7, 1992 | October 11, 1992 | FDSN | ||||||
October 11, 1992 | November 29, 1996 | independent | ||||||
3 | Emil Constantinescu | president | November 29, 1996 | December 20, 2000 | independent | |||
(2) | Ion Iliescu | president | December 20, 2000 | December 20, 2004 | independent | |||
4th | Traian Băsescu | president | December 20, 2004 | April 20, 2007 (suspended) |
independent | He was suspended on April 19, 2007, but in the referendum on May 19, 2007 about his removal, 74.5% were in favor of Băsescu remaining at the head of the state. | ||
- | Nicolae Văcăroiu | Interim President (as President of the Senate ) |
April 20, 2007 | May 23, 2007 | Psd | |||
(4) | Traian Băsescu | president | May 23, 2007 (reinstated) |
July 10, 2012 (suspended) |
independent | On July 6, 2012, there was another suspension by the parliament, but the referendum on his remaining in office on July 29, 2012 failed due to insufficient turnout. | ||
- | Crin Antonescu | Interim President (as President of the Senate ) |
July 10, 2012 | August 27, 2012 | PNL | |||
(4) | Traian Băsescu | president | August 27, 2012 (reinstated) |
December 21, 2014 | independent | |||
5 | Klaus Johannis | president | December 21, 2014 | officiating | independent |
See also
- History of romania
- List of rulers of Moldova
- List of rulers of Wallachia
- List of Prime Ministers of Romania
- President of Romania
Web links
- List of Heads of State and Government of Romania World Statesmen.org (English)
- Official website of the President of Romania (Romanian)
- The Royal Family (in Romanian)
- The Romanian Succession Law of 1923 ( Memento of February 23, 2002 in the Internet Archive ) (in English)