Mihail Sadoveanu

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Mihail Sadoveanu

Mihail Sadoveanu (born November 5, 1880 in Paşcani , † October 19, 1961 in Vânători-Neamț ) was one of the most important Romanian writers , storytellers , novelists and novelists of the first half of the 20th century, and later also a politician in the People's Republic of Romania .

biography

The son of the lawyer Alexandru Sadoveanu and the Profira cause (Ursaki), the daughter of a Bukovinian Ruptaschen , attended high school in Fălticeni and Iași . After successfully completing his Abitur, he studied law in Bucharest (Bucureşti) . During this time he wrote for the Bucharest magazine Dracu (1897), he also began working with the journal Viața nouă , where he met Tudor Arghezi, among others . At that time he used the pseudonym MS Cobuz. In 1900 he broke off his law studies in order to devote himself entirely to literary work.

In 1904 he took up permanent residence in Bucharest, married Ecaterina Bâlu and had eleven children over the years. In the same year he published four books for the first time ( Povestiri , Dureri înăbuşite , Crâşma lui Moş Precu , Șoimii ) in which his love for history was evident. He was promoted by the great Romanian writer Barbu Ștefănescu Delavrancea because of his talent .

In 1910 he was appointed director of the National Theater in Iași. During this time he published other works and also works with the magazine Sămănătorul . In 1919 he represented together with Liviu Rebreanu the "Society of Romanian Writers" at the congress in Berlin . In 1921 he became a member of the Romanian Academy (Academia Română).

Sadoveanu was also a Freemason . Between 1927 and 1930 he was chairman of the "Dimitrie Cantemir" lodge in Iași. Between 1930 and 1935 he was first deputy master of the chair of the "Grand Lodge Romania", then its chairman and great master of the "United Romanian Grand Lodge". He documented his literary maturity with Hanul Ancuței , in which epic and lyrical elements were excellently combined (1928). From January 1936, the author and others edited the monthly Însemnări ieșene . In 1937 he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Iasi . In Germany at that time u. a. published: Das Liebeslied and other stories (Reclam 1913), Nobela peko (F. Hirt & Sohn 1929) and Nechifor Lipans Weib (Albert Langen / Georg Müller 1936).

After the Second World War and until his death, he came to terms with the communist system and published several works that conformed to the system.

Mihail Sadoveanu died after a stroke, almost blind and unable to speak, and was transferred to Bucharest, where he rests in the local Bellu Cemetery ( Cimitirul Șerban Vodă ).

The author and communism

Presidium of the People's Republic of Romania, 2nd from left. Sadoveanu
Bust of Mihail Sadoveanus at the Aleea Clasicilor in Chișinău

The originally liberal and religiously minded man was already involved in the left-wing party spectrum in the interwar years, for example he was the editor of the Adevărul and Dimineaţa newspapers , which earned him harsh criticism.

In 1945 he published Lumina vine de la Răsărit, reportaje din URSS, in homage to the Soviet Union . After the founding of the People's Republic of Romania, the writer fully served the requirements of the ruling regime in literary terms ( socialist realism ). The works Păuna mică (1948) and Mitrea Cocor (1949) should be mentioned here as examples . In gratitude he was appointed president of the "Association of Romanian Writers", then in 1955 with the title " Hero of Socialist Labor ", and finally in 1961 with the Order of Lenin for Peace . As a result, he also appeared in many German translations, especially with GDR publishers (selected works followed), such as Verlag der Nation ( Die Brüder Jderi [3 volumes]), Volk und Welt ( Die Wolfsinsel ), Aufbau ( Ancuţas Herberge ) or Insel ( Bear's Eye , IB 658/2).

Sadoveanu had already been elected President of the Grand National Assembly in 1947/48 and 1958 .

His cooperative behavior in connection with his honors helped him to enjoy a privileged and carefree life in the dictatorship , but he was also complicit in the oppression of his fellow citizens by the communist system , which politically persecuted many intellectual colleagues and friends of his generation and among inhuman ones Conditions imprisoned.

Works (selection)

  • Șoimii (1904)
  • 'Floare ofilită, short stories (1905)
  • Mormântul unui copil (1905)
  • Amintirile căprarului Gheorghiță (1905)
  • Vremuri de bejenie (1906)
  • La noi in Viișoara (1906)
  • Esopia (1906)
  • Însemnările lui Neculai Manea, short stories (1906)
  • Oameni și locuri, Editura Minerva a Institutului de Arte Grafice, București (1908)
  • O istorie de demult (1907)
  • Duduia Margareta (1907)
  • Istoria marelui împărat Alexandru Macedon în vremea când era emirul lumii 5250 de ani (1907)
  • Povestiri de seară (1909)
  • Genoveva de Brabant (1909)
  • Cum putem scăpa de nevoi și cum putem dobândi pământ (1909)
  • Cântecul amintirii (1909)
  • Apa morților (1911)
  • Povestiri de petrecere și folos (1911)
  • Bordeenii ', novel (1912)
  • Un instigator (1912)
  • Priveliști dobrogene (1914)
  • Neamul Șoimăreştilor, novel (1915)
  • Foi de toamna (1916)
  • Printre gene (1916)
  • 44 de zile in Bulgaria (1916)
  • Umiliții mei prieteni (1917)
  • Umbre (1919)
  • În amintirea lui Creangă (1919)
  • Priveghiuri (1919)
  • Povestiri pentru moldoveni (1919)
  • Cocostârcul albastru (1921)
  • Strada Lăpușneanu (1921)
  • Neagra Șarului (1922)
  • Pildele lui cuconu Vichentie (1922)
  • Lacrimile ieromonahului Veniamin (1922)
  • Oameni din lună (1923)
  • Ți-aduci aminte (1923)
  • Războiul balcanic (1923)
  • Venea o moară pe Siret (1924)
  • Țara de dincolo de negură (1926)
  • Dumbrava minunată (1926); made into a film in 1980 , directed by Gheorghe Naghi
  • Povestiri pentru copii (1926)
  • Dimineți de iulie; Stigletele (1927)
  • Demonul tinereții (1928)
  • Hanu-Ancuței (1928)
  • 'Împărăția apelor (1928)
  • O întâmplare ciudată (1928)
  • Zodia Cancerului sau Vremea Ducăi-Vodă, Roman (1929)
  • Baltagul, Roman (1930)
  • Depărtări, Roman (1931)
  • Măria Sa, puiul pădurii, novel (1930)
  • Nunta domniței Ruxandra, novel (1932)
  • Creanga de aur, novel (1933)
  • Locul unde nu sa întâmplat nimic (1933)
  • Soarele în baltă sau aventurile șahului (1934)
  • Nopțile de Sânziene, novel (1934)
  • Viața lui Ștefan cel Mare, biography (1934)
  • Trenul fantomă (1934)
  • Cele mai vechi amintiri (1934)
  • Cuibul invaziilor (1935)
  • Povestiri alese (1935)
  • Paştile blajinilor (1935)
  • Inima noastră, (1935)
  • Povestiri pentru copii (1935)
  • Cazul Eugeniței Costea (1936)
  • Țara cangurului (1937)
  • Istorisiri de vânătoare (1937)
  • Ochi de urs (1938)
  • Valea Frumoasei (1938)
  • Morminte (1939)
  • Frații Jderi (1935–1942),
    • Vol. I: Ucenicia lui Ionuț (1935)
    • Vol. II: Izvorul Alb (1936)
    • Vol. III: Oamenii Măriei Sale, (1942)
  • Divanul persian, Roman (1940)
  • Vechime (1940)
  • Ostrovul lupilor (1941)
  • Povestirile de la Bradu-Strâmb (1941)
  • Anii de ucenicie (1944)
  • Lumina vine de la Răsărit, reportaje din URSS (1945)
  • Fantazii răsăritene (1946)
  • Caleidoscope (1946)
  • Păuna mică (1948)
  • Mitrea Cocor (1949)
  • Nada Florilor, amintirile unui pescar cu undița (1951)
  • Nicoară Potcoavă, Roman (1952)
  • Aventuri în Lunca Dunării (1954)
  • Evocări (1954)
  • Mărturisiri (1960)

literature

  • Savin Bratu: Mihail Sadoveanu, o biography a operei , București, 1963
  • George Călinescu: "Istoria literaturii române de la origini pînă în prezent", Editura Minerva, Bucureşti, 1986
  • Adrian Cioroianu: "Lumina vine de la Răsărit. 'Noua imagine' a Uniunii Sovietice în România postbelică, 1944–1947", Editura Curtea Veche, București
  • Adrian Cioroianu: "Pe umerii lui Marx. O introducere în istoria comunismului românesc", Editura Curtea Veche, Bucureşti, 2005. ISBN 973-669-175-6
  • Constantin Ciopraga: Mihail Sadoveanu , București, 1963
  • Victor Frunză, Istoria stalinismului în România, Humanitas, Bucureşti, 1990. ISBN 973-28-0177-8
  • Nicolae Manolescu, Sadoveanu sau utopia cărții , București, 1976
  • Profira Sadoveanu: Viața lui Mihail Sadoveanu. Copilăria și adolescența , București, 1976
  • Tudor Vianu, Scriitori români, Vols. I-II, Editura Minerva, Bucureşti, 1970
  • Ion Vlad: Cărțile lui Mihail Sadoveanu , Cluj, 1981

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Călinescu, p. 615; Crohmălniceanu, p. 192.
  2. ^ Vianu, Vol.III, p. 244
  3. ↑ a b c Archived copy ( memento of the original dated November 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Mihail Sadoveanu. Cronology @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mlr.ro
  4. ↑ http://tratatuldeistorieamasoneriei.ro/ilustiri_fm.html Mihail Sadoveanu
  5. ↑ Ornea, Anii treizeci , pp. 464-465
  6. ↑ Cioroianu, Lumina vine de la Răsărit , p. 22 f
  7. ↑ Frunză, p. 303
  8. ↑ Cioroianu, Pe umerii lui Marx , pp 286-289
  9. ↑ Cioroianu, Pe umerii lui Marx , p.283-284; Frunză, p.374

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Sadoveanu, Mihail
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Romanian writer and politician
DATE OF BIRTH November 5, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Paşcani
DATE OF DEATH October 19, 1961
Place of death Vânători-Neamț