Tudor Arghezi

Tudor Arghezi

Tudor Arghezi (actually Ion N. Teodorescu ; born May 21, 1880 in Bucharest (Bucureşti) ; † July 14, 1967 there ) was a Romanian poet and writer .

The stage name Arghezi refers to the ancient name of the Argeș river : Argesis .

biography

At the age of eleven, Arghezi left home and attended the school of the Orthodox monastery of St. Sava . In 1896 he published his first poem in the magazine Liga Ortodoxă . In 1897 he worked for the magazine Viața nouă , where he met Mihail Sadoveanu . From 1900 to 1904 he lived as a monk in the Cernica monastery . In 1905 he went abroad, initially to Paris for a short time , where his illegitimate son Eli Lotar was born that same year . He converted to Catholicism in the nearby Cordiliers monastery . Arghezi then traveled to Switzerland, where he wrote poetry in Geneva and attended university. In order to make a living, he worked as a goldsmith. In 1909 he visited Italy. In 1912 he returned to Romania, where he published poems and essays in various magazines ( Facla , Viața românească , Teatru , Rampa ).

After the outbreak of World War I , Arghezi wrote flaming articles against the National Liberal Party and the group of supporters of Take Ionescu, who advocated a change of front to the Entente and against Austria-Hungary in order to preserve Transylvania in the event of a victory . After the occupation of Romania by the Germans, he cooperated with them and wrote articles in the Gazeta Bucureştilor, which they controlled . In 1918/19, during the founding of Greater Romania , he and eleven journalists (including Ioan Slavici ) were accused of treason and imprisoned in the Văcăreşti penal camp because the group had collaborated with the German occupation forces.

In 1927 his first volume of poetry Cuvinte potrivite was published . In 1928 he published the magazine Bilete de papagal . From 1931 Arghezi wrote children's books which became very popular in Romania and whose stories are still used in school books today.

During the Second World War Arghezi belonged to the opposition of the regime of Ion Antonescu , which was allied with the German Empire. He published pamphlets , whereupon he was arrested and interned.

After the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1944, Arghezi was also released and rehabilitated. During the communist dictatorship, Arghezi received numerous awards and honors. He was stylized as a national poet and a member of the Romanian Academy . Extensive funeral ceremonies took place after his death in 1967. Arghezi was buried in the garden of his house next to his wife Paraschiva, who had died a year earlier. This house then became a museum dedicated to the poet.

rating

Tudor Arghezi is considered one of the most important poets in Romania in the 20th century. He renewed the Romanian literary language . Especially his works, which were created before the First World War, shaped by a youthful crisis of meaning and religious search, are of great value. The lyric was Arghezis strength, but he wrote in the interwar period also significant novellas and novels . After the Second World War, the poet allowed himself to be captured and celebrated by the communist regime. He wrote some embarrassing propaganda lore . Since the high esteem still has an impact over the decades, a critical reassessment of the author is still pending.

Works (selection)

• Well-placed words (Cuvinte potrivite), poems 1927 (German 1996)
• Wooden Icons (Icoane de Lemn), prose 1928
• The Black Gate (Poarta Neagră), novel 1930
• Mold flowers (Flori de mucigai), poems 1931
• The toy book (Cartea cu jucării), children's book (German 1976)
• Book to bring Mitzura to sleep (Cântec de adormit Mitzura), children's book
• Weeds (Buruieni), children's book
• Lump (Zdreanța), children's book (German 1985)
• Notes from the Land of Kuty (Tablete din țara de Kuty), narration 1933
• The Eyes of Our Lady (Ochii Maicii Domnului), novel 1934
• Cărticica de seară, poems 1935
• The cemetery of the Annunciation (Cimitirul Buna-Vestire), novel 1936 (German 1983; translated in 1991 under the title "Der Friedhof")
• Reigen (Hore), poems 1939
• Lina, novella 1942
• Una sută una poeme, poems 1947
• Im Bienengrund (Prisaca), poems 1954 (German 1963)
• 1907 - Landscapes (1907 - Peisaje), poem 1955
• Singing to man (Cîntare omului), poems 1956
• Stihuri pestrite, poems 1957
• Cartea mea frumoasă, poems 1958
• Frunze, poems 1961
• Poeme noi, poems 1963
• Cadențe, poems 1964
• Write, pen ..., prose pieces German 1964
• Selected poems, German 1964
• Little prose, German 1965
• Syllables (syllables), poems 1965
• Rhythms (Ritmuri), poems 1967
• Noaptea, poems 1967
• From large and small animals, children's book German 1967
• Heretic confession, poems German 1968
• Litanii, poems 1968
• Frunzele tale, poems 1968
• Crengi, poems 1970
• XC, poems 1970
• Călătorie in vis, poems 1973
• Scieri, 31 volumes 1962–1980
• Poems, German selection 1980
• Just a patch of earth. Selected prose texts, German selection 1990

literature

• Victor Frunză: Istoria stalinismului în România . Editura Humanitas, Bucureşti 1990
• Hartmut Köhler: Arghezi, Tudor . In: Biographical Lexicon on the History of Southeast Europe . Volume 1. Munich 1974, p. 93 f.
• D. Murăraşu: Din presa literară românească (1900-1918) . Editura Albatros, Bucureşti 1970
• Z. Ornea: Anii treizeci. Extrema dreaptă românească . Editura Fundației Culturale Române, București 1995
• Tudor Vianu: Scriitori români . Vol. III. Ed. Minerva, Bucureşti 1971

Web links

Commons : Tudor Arghezi  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Ion N. Teodorescu
• Literature by and about Tudor Arghezi in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Gheorghe Zbuchea, archived copy ( memento of the original from March 27, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ↑ Boia, p. 256
3. ↑ Hâncu; Willhardt et al. , P. 14 ff
4. ↑ Dumitru Hâncu, "Tudor Arghezi. Scrisori din închisoare (II)" ("Letters from Prison (II)")], in Ziarul Financiar , October 30, 2002
5. ↑ http://culturasicomunicare.com/pdf/2008/dascalu.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.