Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin

Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin ibni Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien II ( Arabic هاشم جليل العالم أقام الدين, born 1825 , Istana Kampong Ayer, Sultan Lama, Brunei Town , Brunei ; died May 10, 1906, ibid) was the 25th Sultan of Brunei. He ruled Brunei from May 30, 1885 to May 10, 1906. Before he was sultan, he was one of the four viziers in Brunei and was called Pengiran Temenggong Sahibul Bahar Pengiran Anak Hashim . He also acted as regent when Abdul Momin needed support for reasons of age.

Reign

When Hashim ascended the throne, he inherited a greatly shrunken kingdom. And the British North Borneo Company and the White Rajas of the Brooke family in Sarawak should continue to reduce the size of the country again and again. Despite his father's Amanat agreement, the sultan was not strong enough to stop this land grab. He therefore had to sign a contract in which he ceded Punang Terusan to Sarawak.

Treaty of Protection 1888

An important contract was signed between Brunei and Great Britain just three years after he took office . The Treaty of Protection of 1888 made Brunei a British protectorate .

Loss of limbang

Also Limbang , today part of Sarawak , was originally part of Brunei until the reign of Sultan Hashim. But the Treaty of Protection did not protect Brunei from land loss. In 1890 Brunei lost Limbang as part of the country to Charles Brooke . In 1901 and 1902 Brooke and Hewett also demanded Belait and Tutong , which the Sultan was able to reject. He said, “What would happen to me, my chiefs and my descendants? I should be left like a tree, stripped of branches and twigs. "(What would happen to me, my captains and my descendants? I would be left like a tree stripped of its branches and twigs.)

Indirect British rule in Brunei

The Sultan was dissatisfied with the "protection" offered by the British and turned to Sultan Abdülhamid II , the then ruler of the Ottoman Empire , for help . The British found out about this and dispatched Malcolm McArthur to deal with the problems in Brunei. The Supplementary Agreement of 1905/1906 was then concluded. Under this treaty, Brunei accepted a British resident to serve as the Sultan's advisor on internal and external affairs, except on matters relating to Islam and Malay customs.

death

In 1903, first his eldest son and designated heir, Pengiran Muda Besar Omar Ali Saifuddin , died of cholera , then his second son, Pengiran Muda Tengah . The grief over these losses also affected the health of the Sultan himself.

He died on May 10, 1906 and was buried in the royal mausoleum in Bandar Brunei, next to his father Omar Ali Saifuddin II . His surviving son, Pengiran Muda Bongsu Muhammad Jamalul Alam , succeeded him to the throne.

family

Hashim was the son of Omar Ali Saifuddin II and Zaidah binti Pengarah Di-Gadong Laman Awang Sulaiman . His older brother, Pengiran Pemancha Pengiran Anak Muhammad Salleh , had died before 1885. He himself was married to Pengiran Indera Chendra Kesuma and Pengiran Isteri Pengiran Siti Fatimah .

With these women he had the children Pengiran Muda Besar Omar Ali Saifuddin , Pengiran Muda Tengah , Pengiran Muda Bongsu ( Muhammad Jamalul Alam II ), Pengiran Anak Siti Zubaidah , Pengiran Anak Sharif Mohammad Salleh , Pengiran Anak Sharif Abdul Razak , Pengiran Siti Razak , Pengiran Anak Siti Mariam , Pengiran di-Gadong Pengiran Anak Haji Kami , Pengiran Anak Safar , Pengiran Anak Sabtu , Pengiran Anak Metusin Kula , Pengiran Anak Saliha , Pengiran Anak Sharif Muhammad Arshad Duman , Pengiran Anak Sharif Ismail Apong , Pengiran Anak Untong , Pengiran Anak Jaga , Pengiran Anak Rabaha , Pengiran Anak Tuah and Pengiran Anak Sharif Mahmud .

See also

• Brunei royal family
• Succession to the throne (Brunei)
• List of the Sultans of Brunei

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Royal Ark

predecessor	Office	successor
Abdul Momin	Sultan of Brunei 1885-1906	Muhammad Jamalul Alam II