Residency (colonial history)
In the administrative history of the colonies, the term residency denotes the area of responsibility of a resident, i.e. a permanent representative of the colonial administration to the ruler of a colonial area under foreign rule.
British colonial history
Residencies ( residencies ) existed in numerous areas of the British colonial empire. The resident who was subordinate to this residency had the task not only of advising the royal rulers, but above all of supervising them and asserting the interests of the colonial power. In addition to a resident (as a permanent representative of the colonial administration or the crown) who worked for a ruler, there was also a resident-general who was responsible for several, mostly smaller areas. The instructions of the residents were generally binding, although there were exceptions (e.g. religious questions, etc.). The residents were usually subject to a governor or a high commissioner of the superior property. British residences existed at the time of the British colonial empire in the following possessions:
- in the possessions in British Malaya was a resident-general accredited in the earlier sultanates of Perak , Selangor , Negri Sembilan (and in some individual districts) and Pahang , then residents in Kedah , Johore , Sungai Ujong , Kelantan , Penang , Trengganu , Perlis , Brunei , etc. (some titled adviser )
- There were also residences in the numerous princely states in British India such as Gwalior , Lucknow , Mysore , Nagpur , Travancore , Hyderabad , Jaipur , Mewar / Udaipur and Baroda
- In Asia, residencies were also accredited, for example in Aden , Burma , Nepal , Oman and the Maldives
- are of African residencies especially in Wituland (now Kenya), British Cameroon , in parts of the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria , and South Africa in the fields of Natal , the people of fengu people in British Kaffraria or in Transvaal to call
German colonial history
The resident's task was not to intervene in the actual administrative business, but rather to support and advise the traditional local rulers in accordance with the system of indirect rule and to represent German interests vis-à-vis the local population. The model corresponded to the English protectorates . In the British colonial empire, this type of residents had been around for a long time when Germany was building its colonial empire.
Residences existed in
- German East Africa : Rwanda , Urundi (= Burundi ) and Bukoba
- German South West Africa : Schuckmannsburg ( Caprivi Strip )
- Cameroon : Adamaua (1913 divided into Garua and Ngaundere ) and German Tschadseeländer (seat in Kusseri , from 1913 in Mora ).
- German Samoa
Individual evidence
- ↑ Resident . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 23 : Refectory - Sainte-Beuve . London 1911, p. 183 (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
- ^ Diplomacy . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 8 : Demijohn - Edward . London 1910, p. 294 ff . (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
- ^ Straits Settlements . In: Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 25 : Shuválov - Subliminal Self . London 1911, p. 980 f . (English, full text [ Wikisource ]).
- ↑ England / United Kingdom , Directory of Colonies, Section England / United Kingdom , compilation of the encyclopedia of WorldStatesmen.org, worldstatesmen.org / ... (individual selected countries there)
- ^ The Royal Ark. Royal and Ruling Houses of Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas , 4dw.net / ... (individual selected countries there)
- ^ Residents , keyword in Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (1920), Volume III, p. 167, ub.bildarchiv-dkg.uni-frankfurt.de / ...