Jaipur (State)
| Jaipur | |||||
| 1093-1949 | |||||
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| Capital |
Amber (14th century – 1727) Jaipur (1727–1949) |
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| Form of government | Princely State (17 rounds salute) | ||||
| surface | 40,177 km² | ||||
| population | 3,000,000 (as of 1941) | ||||
| founding | 1093 | ||||
| resolution | April 7, 1949 | ||||
| State religion: Hinduism Dynasty: Kachwaha (Rajawat clan) |
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Jaipur was one of the princely states of the Rajputs in today's Rajasthan and is named after the new capital Jaipur founded in 1727 .
The principality was founded in 1093 by the Rajput dynasty of the Kachwaha and was initially called Dhundhar, from the 14th century to 1727 after the then capital Amber . The Rajas had been vassals of the Mughals of Delhi since the 16th century . Raja Bhagwan Das (1574–1589) was - although a Hindu - Commander-in-Chief (Amir al-Umara) of the Grand Mogul's army. Jai Singh II. (1688-1743) was raised to Maharaja . The Mughal Mughal Aurangzeb (1618–1707) was impressed by Jai Singh's sharp mind and gave him the title Sawai ("a whole and a quarter") to express his greatness. Jai Singh lived up to the award by excelling in politics, knowledge and warfare, showing a particular interest in astronomy , and demonstrating an extraordinary passion for symmetry . He made the decision to move his capital from the narrow hill country around Amber to the south. The city was built in less than eight years. The plans for the city palace and Jantar Mantar , the largest stone observatory in the world, can also be traced back to him. After Jai Singh's 43 extremely fruitful years of reign, there were inevitable disputes over his successor because he had fathered numerous children with 28 wives and four concubines . The princely state sank into chaos and lost large parts of its territory to the states of Maratha and Jat .
Even Britain used the internal Rajput scramble for his own gain power to forge alliances and prevent unwanted conflicts. After the end of the third Marathas War , Jaipur became a British protectorate on April 25, 1819. Jaipur's rulers, in contrast to their neighbors in Delhi and Agra, remained loyal to the British.
From 1904 to 1950 Jaipur had its own state post with its own stamps. In 1941 the state had an area of 40,177 km² and 3 million inhabitants. On March 30, 1949, Jaipur joined the Rajasthan Confederation , and on April 7, 1949, the annexation to India was completed. On November 1, 1956, the princely state was dissolved.
See also
literature
- William Barton: The princes of India. With a Chapter on Nepal. Nisbet, London 1934, (Reprinted edition. Cosmo, New Delhi 1983).
- Andreas Birken : Philatelic Atlas of British India. CD-ROM. Birken, Hamburg 2004.
- Ian Copland: The princes of India in the endgame of empire, 1917-1947 (= Cambridge Studies in Indian History and Society. 2). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al. 1997, ISBN 0-521-57179-0 .
- George B. Malleson: An historical sketch of the native states of India. Longmans, Green & Co., London 1875, ( digitized version ).
- Paul E. Roberts: India (= A Historical Geography of the British Dominions. Vol. 7, Part. 1-2). 2 volumes (Vol. 1: History to the End of the East India Company. Vol. 2: History under the Government of the Crown. ). Clarendon Press, Oxford 1916-1923, (Reprinted edition: Historical Geography of India. 2 volumes. Printwell, Jaipur 1995).
- Joseph E. Schwartzberg (Ed.): A historical atlas of South Asia (= Association for Asian Studies. Reference Series. 2). 2nd impression, with additional material. Oxford University Press, New York NY et al. 1992, ISBN 0-19-506869-6 .
Web links
- iiNet: Jaipur (Princely State)
- Imperial Gazetteer of India
- http://www.uq.net.au/~zzhsoszy/ips/main.html
- http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/States-of-India
- http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_princes_A-J.html