Travancore
| Travancore | |||||
| 1729-1949 | |||||
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| Capital |
Padmanabhapuram (1729-1795) Thiruvananthapuram (1795-1949) |
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| Form of government | Princely State (19 rounds salute) | ||||
| surface | 19,748 km² | ||||
| population | 5,900,000 (1941) | ||||
| currency | Travancore rupee | ||||
| founding | 1729 | ||||
| resolution | July 1, 1949 | ||||
| State religion: Hinduism Dynasty: Chera (Kulasekkara) |
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Travancore ( Tiruvitamkur ; Malayalam : തിരുവിതാംകൂര്; in an older spelling from English also Trawankur / Travankur ) was a princely state on the Malabar coast in the extreme southwest of India in today's state of Kerala . The Malabar calendar (Malayalam era) was used in Travancore : year 1 Malabar = year 826 AD.
history
The Hindu principality of Travancore came into being around 1100 as a result of the old Cheralam Empire. The ruling dynasty of Travancore originally came from the small town of Thiruvithancode (the name Travancore is a corruption of Thiruvithancode ). From 1550 to 1750 Padmanabhapuram was the capital of Travancore, from 1750 Trivandrum ( Thiruvananthapuram ). 1795 / 1805–1947 Travancore was a British protectorate (see History of India and British India ). The Rajas worshiped Padmanabha ("he with the lotus navel"), a manifestation of the Hindu god Vishnu , as a family deity and nominally ruled as a "servant of Padmanabha" (Padmanabhadasa) . Rama Varma IV. (1866-1880) was raised to the rank of Maharajah . On July 1, 1949 made with Travancore Cochin the Federation Travancore-Cochin and performed connection to India. On November 1, 1956, the principalities were abolished and the state merged with the Malabar district of the state of Madras to form the new state of Kerala . The extreme south was incorporated into the state of Madras (since 1969 Tamil Nadu ) as the district of Kanyakumari .
In 1941 the state had an area of 19,748 km² and 5.9 million inhabitants. The principality had its own state post , which issued postage stamps from 1888 .
Between 1741 and 1777, the captured Flemish Eustachius de Lannoy was Commander-in-Chief of the Army of Travancore. The territorial consolidation and expansion of the state in that epoch is largely due to him.
See also
literature
- William Barton: The princes of India , Delhi 1983
- Andreas Birken : Philatelic Atlas of British India , CD-ROM, Hamburg 2004
- Imperial Gazetteer of India , 2nd ed., 26 vols., Oxford 1908–1931
- George Bruce Malleson: An historical sketch of the native states of India , London 1875, Reprint Delhi 1984
- NS Mooss: The Travancore Anchal , Kottayam 1973
- Joseph E. Schwartzberg (Ed.): A historical atlas of South Asia , 2nd edition, New York / Oxford 1992, ISBN 0-19-506869-6
