Mysore (State)

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Mysore
1565-1949
flag coat of arms
Capital	Mysore (1565–1610) Srirangapattana (1610–1799) Mysore (1799–1949)
Form of government	Princely State
surface	75,954 km²
population	7,500,000 (1941)
founding	1565
resolution	June 1, 1949
State religion: Hinduism Dynasty: Wodeyar
Excerpt from the Atlas of the Imperial Gazetteer of India (1909)

Mysore ( Mahisur , Kannada ಮೈಸೂರು ಸಂಸ್ಥಾನ Maisūru sansthāna ) was an Indian princely state in the southern part of Western India that had been independent since the beginning of the 17th century . In 1947 he joined the Indian Union .

history

The Hindu dynasty of the Wodeyar, originally from Dwarka , had ruled the city of Mysore and the surrounding areas since 1399 . The territory was tributary to the Vijayanagar Empire. After its collapse in 1565, Mysore became the capital of the independent empire of the same name. Raja Wodeyar I (1578-1617) moved the capital in 1610 to Srirangapattana .

In the 18th century the rule of the Wodeyar was interrupted by the Muslim general Hyder Ali , who rose to de facto ruler Mysores (1761 to 1782). He was followed as ruler by his son Tipu Sultan . At this time the kingdom of Mysore reached its greatest extent, large parts of southern India were conquered and subjugated. Mysore soon came into conflict with the British . Tipu Sultan declared war on the English in 1782 and forced the English under General Matthews to surrender at Bednur in April 1783 . After a stubborn siege , Mangalore also fell into Tipu Sultan's hands. In the meantime, however, the English had concluded an alliance with the Marathas , as a result of which Tipu Sultan had to submit to the Mangalore peace on March 11, 1784, not least because he had been deprived of French support after the Treaty of Versailles. In 1786 Tipu Sultan assumed the title of Padishah . After the forced relinquishment of territory in 1792, Tipu Sultan resumed the war against the British under General Georg Harris and Arthur Wellesley in 1799. The colonial power ultimately emerged victorious from the four Mysore Wars . Tipu Sultan died on May 4, 1799 when the British stormed Srirangapattanas .

A greater part of Tipu Sultan's dominion was placed under direct English rule. With the simultaneous reinstatement of the Hindu Wodeyar dynasty, but now as British vassals, Mysore was again the capital of the reduced empire (1799-1947) British protectorate . In 1831 the British colonial rulers moved the capital to Bangalore and took over direct administration due to alleged mismanagement of the Rajas. Only in 1881 was Chama Rajendra Wodeyar reinstated a maharaja . The Maharaja's residence remained in Mysore until India's independence.

In 1941 the state had an area of ​​75,954 km² and 7.5 million inhabitants. The princely state was in 1947, when India and Pakistan became independent, also confidently . After Maharaja Jaya Chamaraja Wodeyar (1940-56) had already declared on August 15, 1947 his intention to join his state India, this accession was completed on June 28, 1949. According to India's new constitution of January 26, 1950, Mysore became a category B state with the Maharaja as Rajpramukh (head of state). On November 1, 1956, all principalities were abolished and Mysore was assigned to the newly created state of Mysore, which was renamed Karnataka in 1973, as part of the administrative reorganization of India along the language borders .

See also

• List of Indian princely states

literature

• William Barton: The princes of India. With a Chapter on Nepal. Nisbet, London 1934, (Reprinted edition. Cosmo, New Delhi 1983).
• George B. Malleson: An historical sketch of the native states of India. Longmans, Green & Co., London 1875, ( digitized version ).
• Mysore State. In: The Imperial Gazetteer of India. Volume 18: Moram to Nayāgarh. New Edition. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1908, pp. 161-250 .
• Joseph E. Schwartzberg (Ed.): A historical atlas of South Asia (= Association for Asian Studies. Reference Series. 2). 2nd impression, with additional material. Oxford University Press, New York NY et al. 1992, ISBN 0-19-506869-6 .

Web links

Commons : Kingdom of Mysore  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/
• http://www.uq.net.au/~zzhsoszy/ips/main.html
• http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_princes_K-W.html