Mysore Wars

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The Mysore Wars took place in India , between the Kingdom of Mysore on the one hand and the British East India Company , the Marathas and Hyderabad on the other, during the last three decades of the 18th century. They ended with the collapse of the Hyder Ali and Tippu Sultan dynasties and the subjugation of the kingdom to the administration of the British.

Hyder Ali (1762)

In the First Mysore War (1766–1769) Hyder Ali was able to win a de facto victory against the forces of the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad and the British and annex areas north of Mysore.

During the Second Mysore War (1780–1784), Hyder Ali's son, Tippu Sultan, rose to become an outstanding military leader. In the north he succeeded in repelling an invasion of troops from the Marathas and Hyderabad and in the east in defeating British forces. In addition, the Tippoo managed to conquer other areas in the south. The conflict ended with the Treaty of Mangalore in 1784, in which both sides committed to revert to the pre-1780 boundary.

In the Third Mysore War (1789-1792), the Tippoo Sultan, now ruler of Mysore and allied with France, launched an invasion of the neighboring principality of Travancore , which was allied with the British. The result was a three-year war that ended in a crushing defeat for Mysore. In 1792, Tippoo's troops were defeated at the First Siege of Seringapatam . In the Treaty of Seringapatam that followed, Mysore undertook to surrender about half of its territory to the East India Company and its allies.

In the Fourth Mysore War (1799) the Tippoo Sultan was finally defeated and Mysore had to accept further assignments of territory. The alliance between the Tippoo and France was perceived as a threat by the East India Company and Mysore was attacked from four sides simultaneously. The Tippoo had about 35,000 armed men against 60,000 British and the forces of Hyderabad and the Marathas. The war ended with the Second Siege of Seringapatam . The Tippoo Sultan was killed defending the city. The Mysore area was then divided among the victors. Only a small area around the cities of Mysore and Seringapatam remained. The British brought the former Hindu ruling dynasty of the Wodeyar back to power. The Wodeyar princes ruled Mysore until the state joined India in 1947.

  • First and Second Mysore War

  • Third Mysore War

  • Map from 1793

  • Map from 1800

  • Fourth Mysore War

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Edward Thornton (Ed.): The History of the British Empire in India . Adamant Media Corporation, 2001, ISBN 0-543803295 (EA London 1843)
  2. ^ George Alfred Henty : The Tiger of Mysore. A Story of the War with Tippoo Saib . BiblioBazaar, 2007, ISBN 978-0554151915 (novel, EA London 1896)
  3. ↑ Richard Holmes: Wellington. The Iron Duke . Paperback edition HarperCollins, London 2003, ISBN 0-00-713750-8 .