Lois Welzenbacher

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Lois Welzenbacher , actually Alois Johann Welzenbacher (born January 20, 1889 in Munich ; † August 13, 1955 in Absam , Tyrol ) was an Austrian architect , born in Germany , who mainly worked in Bavaria, Austria and South Tyrol.

Life

Welzenbacher, son of the stonemason Alois Welzenbacher, attended the state trade school in Vienna between 1903 and 1908 , but also completed an apprenticeship as a bricklayer with Karl Johann Schmidt . From 1910 to 1911 he studied architecture at the Munich School of Applied Arts and from 1912 to 1914 at the Technical University of Munich under Theodor Fischer and Friedrich Thiersch . After the First World War he settled in Innsbruck without a degree . In 1926, however, he was awarded the 1st and 2nd state exams. From 1929 to 1930, Welzenbacher was the city ​​planning director in Plauen , then he settled as a freelance architect in Munich. In 1932 he received 4th prize in a competition for exhibition buildings instead of the Munich Glass Palace that burned down in 1931.

In the interwar period he represented an alpine variant of classic modernism and also advocated high-rise buildings at an early stage, such as in 1924 on the Innsbruck station forecourt. His numerous residential buildings are characterized by their consistently modern design language with a strong emphasis on the curve, but each time they adapt to the given landscape. The international importance of his designs can also be seen in the fact that he was the only architect from Austria to be represented at the “ International Style ” exhibition in 1932 in the Museum of Modern Art in New York.

On December 15, 1933, Welzenbacher became a member of the Reich Chamber of Fine Arts and tried to get commissions with designs for an architectural style that was equally modern and regionally inspired. The construction of a cinema in Mittenwald (followed by a residential building for the Reheis family from Innsbruck) marks this phase, with the frescoes by Heinrich Bickel and the monumental "Mittenwald bar gable" receiving particular praise in the contemporary press. Like numerous other modern architects, Welzenbacher sought refuge in industrial and armaments construction during the National Socialist dictatorship , the only construction sector in which modern buildings were still possible. Between 1939 and 1945 he was in-house architect for Siebel Flugzeugwerke in Halle (Saale) . The orders during the Nazi era enabled Welzenbacher to build a house with a studio on the flower ring in Munich 's Freimann district in 1935 .

From 1947 he was a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna .

In 1965, the Welzenbachergasse in Vienna- Donaustadt (22nd district) was named after him. In Innsbruck the place is called on the area of ​​the former Adambräus , which is now called “aut. architektur und tirol ”and the archives for architecture at the University of Innsbruck, since 2004 Lois-Welzenbacher-Platz .

Awards

Buildings (selection)

Settari House, Bad Dreikirchen (1922/23)
Stadtwerke-Hochhaus Innsbruck (1926/27)
House Proxauf, Innsbruck-Arzl (1931)
  • 1922–1923: Mimi Settari house, Bad Dreikirchen in South Tyrol
  • 1926: Feldkirch town hall (burned down in 1973)
  • 1926–1927: Adambräu brewhouse in Innsbruck
  • 1926–1927: Municipal light and power plants Innsbruck - administration, today the administration building of the Innsbruck municipal operations, IKB (also: EWI) Salurnerstraße 11 in Innsbruck
  • 1928: Tanzcafe Reisch in Kitzbühel
  • 1928–1929: Schulz House in Recklinghausen (heavily modified after war damage)
  • 1928–1930: Buchroithner house, Schmittengraben in Zell am See
  • 1929–1930: Rosenbauer House, Pöstlingberg in Linz
  • 1930–1931: Turmhotel Seeber (today: Parkhotel) in Hall in Tirol
  • 1931: House Proxauf in Arzl near Innsbruck
  • 1931–1933: Ehlert children's home in Bad Hindelang , Allgäu
  • 1932: Heyrovsky house in Thumersbach near Zell am See
  • 1934: Kurhaus and hall building in Oberstdorf
  • 1934: House for the mountain guide Wex am Oberjoch , Allgäu
  • 1934: House Koppe via Klais , Karwendel , Upper Bavaria
  • 1935: Cinema in Mittenwald (now a supermarket)
  • 1935: Hotel on the Lautersee in Mittenwald
  • 1935: Design of a villa for Hans Albers in Feldafing (not executed)
  • 1935: Designs for motorway service stations
  • 1936–1937: Terrace hotel in Bad Hindelang ( Bad Oberdorf )
  • 1936–1938: Residential house, followers house, porter's house and Ranz workers' settlement in Schongau
  • 1938–1939: House Schmucker in Ruhpolding
  • 1938–1939: Design for a cinema in Brannenburg (not executed)
  • 1938–1939: Design for the "Atlantikpalast" cinema at Isartor in Munich (not executed)
  • 1939: "Reheis" cinema in Wasserburg am Inn
  • 1939: Design for a cinema in Eichstätt (not carried out)
  • 1939–1944: Siebel Flugzeugwerke in Halle (Saale) (demolished in 1947 except for the remaining waiting hall)
  • 1943: Design for a cinema in Abensberg (not carried out)
  • 1945: Welzenbacher house in Absam

literature

  • Friedrich Achleitner , Ottokar Uhl : Lois Welzenbacher 1889–1955 Residenz Verlag, Salzburg 1968. ( digitized version )
  • August Sarnitz: Lois Welzenbacher - architect, 1889–1955. Residenz Verlag, Salzburg 1989, ISBN 3-7017-0579-8 ( monograph with catalog raisonné ).
  • Guido Harbers : Lois Welzenbacher. Works from the years 1919–1931. Munich, 1931.
  • Lois Welzenbacher (exhibition catalog). Bregenz 1990.
  • Lois Welzenbacher (exhibition catalog). Innsbruck 1990.
  • Sigrid Hauser: Idea, sketch, ... Photo: About Lois Welzenbacher's work and method. Löcker Verlag, Vienna 1990.
  • Susanne Ranalter: Lois Welzenbacher under the influence of zeitgeist and contemporaries. The residential buildings from 1919–1932. Dissertation, Vienna 1998.

swell

  1. ↑ Josefine Justic: Innsbruckerstraße name. Where do they come from and what they mean . Tyrolia-Verlag, Innsbruck 2012, ISBN 978-3-7022-3213-9 , p. 93 .
  2. ↑ Archive for Architecture University of Innsbruck http://archiv-baukunst.uibk.ac.at/archive_showproject.php?id=2460 accessed on October 5, 2013

Web links

Commons : Lois Welzenbacher  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Welzenbacher, Lois
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Austrian architect
DATE OF BIRTH January 20, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH August 13, 1955
Place of death Absam , Tyrol