20th November
The November 20 is the 324th day of the Gregorian calendar (the 325th in leap years ), thus remain 41 days by year end.
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Historic anniversaries October · November · December |
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Events
Politics and world events
- 284 : A few days after Numerian's death , the guard officer Diocles is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops , although Numerian's brother Carinus still rules in Rome. Under the chosen name Diocletian , he ended the imperial crisis of the 3rd century .
Solidus of John
- 423 : The Roman civil servant John declares himself to be the ruler of the Western Roman Empire and ends the three-month period without an emperor after Honorius' death . The Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II , Honorius' nephew and his actual heir, does not recognize his rule.
- 1194 : The German Emperor Heinrich VI. moves on his campaign against Sicily under Wilhelm III. into which conquered Palermo . The Hohenstaufen finally replaced the Normans as rulers of Sicily .
- 1274 : The outnumbered samurai repel the first attempt at invasion by the Mongols under Kublai Khan in Japan at the Battle of Bun'ei .
- 1371 : In Cologne, a battle of the citizens in the ends Cologne Weberaufstand between Board-abiding citizens and gaffs one hand and the guild of weavers on the other hand, in a flight of Weber in recognizing their numerical inferiority.
- 1531 : The Second Kappeler Landfriede ends the Second Kappel War and reorganizes the religious relationships in the Old Confederation .
- 1656 : In the Treaty of Labiau , during the Second Northern War, Sweden's King Karl X. Gustav revokes his feudal sovereignty over the Duchy of Prussia and Warmia . The Great Elector Friedrich Wilhelm is recognized by him as the sovereign Prince of Prussia.
- 1695 : The captured Zumbi , who previously fought against slavery , is executed in the Portuguese colony of Brazil . He was the last leader of the largest slave settlement , Palmares , which for decades provided a home for African slaves who had fled the plantations.
- 1719 : During the Great Northern War , the Swedish Queen Ulrike I Eleonore concludes a preliminary peace in Stockholm with the Electorate of Hanover . Against the payment of 1 million Swedish Reichstalern occurs Sweden the Duchy of Bremen-Verden off at Hannover.
- 1759 : The Prussian general Friedrich August von Finck surrenders to the Austrians under Leopold Joseph Graf Daun in the battle of Maxen . For this he is sentenced to two years imprisonment after the end of the Seven Years War .
- 1759 : In the sea battle in the Bay of Quiberon , a British squadron achieves a decisive victory in the Seven Years' War against a group of French ships of the line . The French fleet can no longer recover from this defeat until the end of the war.
- 1780 : The fourth Anglo-Dutch naval war begins with Great Britain declaring war on the Netherlands .
- 1789 : New Jersey ratified the first US state the Bill of Rights of the United States.
- 1803 : After a trial lasting several weeks, the robber captain Johannes Bückler , known as Schinderhannes , is sentenced to death with 19 cronies by the French authorities of the Donnersberg department in Mainz and executed the next day.
- 1815 : King Friedrich Wilhelm III. of Prussia , Emperor Franz I of Austria and Tsar Alexander I of Russia sign the Second Peace of Paris , with which France is reduced to the borders of 1790 , but excluding Saarbrücken , Landau and Savoy . At the same time, in a separate document between Great Britain , Prussia , Russia and Austria, the Chaumont Quadruple Alliance is being renewed.
- 1820 : The whaling ship Essex is rammed several times by a sperm whale and sinks; the incident later becomes an element in Melville's novel Moby Dick .
- 1902 : In an arbitration award, King Edward VII of Great Britain sets the border between Chile and Argentina in Patagonia .
- 1910 : From his exile in Texas, Francisco Madero calls for a revolution against the Mexican dictator Porfirio Díaz and at the same time declares himself President of Mexico .
- 1914 : Bulgaria proclaims its neutrality in the First World War
- 1917 : The Central Council of Ukraine , founded in March, proclaims the autonomous Ukrainian People's Republic within the federated new Soviet Russia .
- 1917 : The Battle of Cambrai in World War I begins with a massive British tank attack.
- 1925 : The Munich stab in the back trial ends with the judgment that the defendant Paul Nikolaus Cossmann made an error in spreading the stab in the back .
- 1936 : After the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War , the leader of the Spanish fascist party Falange , José Antonio Primo de Rivera , is executed by the Republicans. Francisco Franco is his successor . This day is celebrated as 20-N by followers of Franquism to this day .
- 1940 : Hungary joins the three-power pact of the Axis powers of World War II .
- 1943 : The Battle of the Gilbert Islands begins in World War II . It is the first stop in the Allies ' island hopping .
- 1945 : The trial of twenty leading personalities of the "Third Reich" , including Hermann Göring , Joachim von Ribbentrop and Julius Streicher , for war crimes and crimes against humanity begins with the reading of the indictment in the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg .
- 1955 : The Klaksvík uprising reaches one of its most dramatic climaxes in Tvøroyri with the attempt to assassinate Kristian Djurhuus , the Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands . Djurhuus remains unharmed, but by Faroese standards it will remain one of the most serious domestic-politically motivated acts of violence in its history .
- 1956 : In response to a planned federal press law , the German Press Council is founded as a voluntary self-regulatory body.
- 1959 : The General Assembly of the United Nations adopts the Declaration on the Rights of the Child , which takes up and supplements the comparable Geneva Declaration of the League of Nations . Thirty years later, the declaration is superseded by the Convention on the Rights of the Child .
- 1962 : After achieving its war goals, the People's Republic of China proclaims a unilateral armistice in the Indo-Chinese border war . The conflict that began on October 20 ends with India's approval the following day .
- 1966 : The Swiss canton of Zurich votes against women's suffrage in a referendum .
- 1975 : The Spanish dictator General Franco dies in Madrid . The time of Franquism ends with the second 20-N .
- 1977 : In a speech to the Knesset recognizes Egyptian President Anwar Sadat , the existence of Israel on.
- 1979 : The occupation of the Great Mosque , the holiest place in Islam, begins in Mecca . About five hundred armed Islamists take control of the mosque, take thousands of visitors hostage and proclaim one of their leaders a Mahdi .
- 1989 : The UN General Assembly adopts the Convention on the Rights of the Child . It will come into force on September 20, 1990.
- 1994 : The Angolan government and the rebel organization UNITA sign a peace treaty, the Lusaka Protocol , to end the civil war in Angola .
- 1998 : Galina Starovoitova , Russian reformist and deputy chairwoman of the Democratic Russia party , is murdered in Saint Petersburg .
- 2003 : At least 27 people are killed in two attacks on British facilities in Istanbul .
economy
- 1811 : Friedrich Krupp founds a factory for the production of cast steel in Essen , from which Friedrich Krupp AG will subsequently develop.
- 1896 : The showmen in Hamburg decide on a dock workers' strike , which will develop into the first major work stoppage in the German Reich .
- 1935 : The Västerbron is inaugurated in Stockholm . The two arched structures of the bridge connect the districts of Södermalm and Kungsholmen .
- 1942 : The Alaska Highway , completed in October, is officially opened. The construction of the road was forced by the USA under military aspects after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor . The road connects the in the Canadian province of British Columbia located Dawson Creek to Delta Junction in the State of Alaska .
- 1947 : The Saar Franconia is introduced in the Saarland .
- 1982 : The completed transit motorway between Hamburg and Berlin is opened to traffic. On the GDR side, the inner-German border crossing opens at Zarrentin am Schaalsee .
- 1985 : Microsoft releases the first version of the Windows operating system .
science and technology
- 1834 : In Brussels , the Free University , split in 1970 into a French and a Dutch- speaking institution , begins teaching.
- 1849 : Széchenyi Lánchid , the first permanent bridge over the Danube between Buda and Pest , is opened.
- 1928 : The German Reichspost conducts its first radio image transmissions on a trial basis via its Königs Wusterhausen transmitter with the help of a Fultograph . It is testing a preliminary stage in the German history of television .
- 1953 : Albert Scott Crossfield is the first person to fly a Douglas Skyrocket at twice the speed of sound ( Mach 2 ).
- 1976 : The Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala is founded in Mexico .
- 1984 : The SETI institute for the search for intelligent extraterrestrial life is founded.
- 1998 : Zarya , the first module of the International Space Station ( ISS ), is launched from Baikonur with a Russian Proton-K rocket .
Culture
- 1757 : The world premiere of the opera L'Isola disabitata by Domenico Scarlatti takes place at the Teatro San Samuele in Venice.
- 1805 : The world premiere of Fidelio , Ludwig van Beethoven's only opera, takes place in the Theater an der Wien in Vienna.
- 1853 : The first performance of the opera Giulia or the Corsets by Peter Joseph von Lindpaintner takes place in Stuttgart.
- 1889 : The first Symphony by Gustav Mahler premiered in Budapest.
- 1901 : The first performance of the opera Grisélidis by Jules Massenet takes place at the Opéra-Comique in Paris.
- 1906 : Under the direction of Max Reinhardt , the premiere of Frank Wedekind's drama Spring Awakening takes place at the Berliner Kammerspiele , which he completed in 1891.
- 1908 : The Comedy morality of Ludwig Thoma is in Berlin premiered.
- 1910 : The world premiere of the opera Semirama by Ottorino Respighi takes place in Bologna.
- 1911 : Half a year after the composer's death, Gustav Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde is premiered in Munich under the direction of Bruno Walter . While avoiding the word symphony , Mahler called the work a “symphonic song cycle ” for fear that a 9th symphony - as with his models Ludwig van Beethoven and Anton Bruckner - could be his last.
- 1913 : The German Kaiser Wilhelm II forbids dancing tango in uniform due to improperness.
- 1920 : The violinist Ben Selvin records the instrumental piece Dardanella for Victor Records , which subsequently becomes the first single in music history to exceed 3 million copies sold.
- 1923 : The premiere of the opera Die Höhle von Salamanca by Bernhard Paumgartner takes place at the State Opera in Dresden .
- 1926 : Dorothea Angermann by Gerhart Hauptmann is premiered on seventeen German-speaking theaters simultaneously.
1965: Ship from Kyrenia (depicted on the Cypriot 50 cent coin )
- 1965 : The sponge divers Andreas Karolou discovered off the northern coast of Cyprus , the pre-Roman Iron Age Dating ship of Kyrenia .
- 1966 : The musical Cabaret by John Kander and Fred Ebb premieres at the Broadhurst Theater on New York's Broadway .
society
- 1947 : The British Princess Elisabeth marries Philip, Duke of Edinburgh in London .
- 1992 : A fire breaks out in the private chapel of Queen Elizabeth II of England at Windsor Castle , damaging one fifth of the building's area.
- 2006 : An 18-year-old former student from Geschwister-Scholl-Realschule in Emsdetten injured 37 people in a rampage in his former school . Then he kills himself.
religion
- 1606 : King James I of England writes the directors of the Virginia Company of London to convert the Native Americans to Anglicanism by force.
- 1645 : Pope Innocent X upgraded the previous seminary in Manila to the University of Santo Tomas . The Catholic university is today the oldest university in Asia.
- 1837 : The Archbishop of Cologne, Clemens August Droste zu Vischering , is arrested in a dispute with Prussia over the acceptance of mixed marriages .
- 1890 : The encyclical Catholicae ecclesiae judges Pope Leo XIII. to the missionaries in Africa and formulate statements against slavery .
- 1947 : Pope Pius XII goes to the liturgical movement . with the encyclical Mediator Dei , in which he explains the essence of the sacred liturgy in worship .
- 1979 : The Austrian Federal President Rudolf Kirchschläger opens the Islamic Center Vienna , which houses the first mosque in Austria.
Disasters
- 1974 : A Lufthansa Boeing 747-130 crashed while taking off from Jomo Kenyatta International Airport in Nairobi, Kenya. 59 of the 157 people on board die.
- 1993 : Macedonia : A Jakowlew Jak-42 of Avioimpex on the flight from Geneva to Skopje is diverted to Ohrid due to bad weather , where it crashes into a mountain. Only one of the 116 inmates survived.
- 2016 : At least 142 people die in a serious railway accident near Kanpur in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh .
Minor accidents are listed in the sub-articles of Catastrophe .
Sports
- 1910 : The Portuguese football club Vitória Setúbal is established.
- 1993 : The doping ban of Katrin Krabbe , Grit Breuer and Manuela Derr is confirmed by the International Athletics Federation.
Entries of athletics world records can be found under the respective discipline under athletics .
Born
Before the 18th century
- 939 : Song Taizong , Emperor of China
- 1453 : Giacomo Cozzarelli , Italian architect, sculptor, bronze caster and painter
- 1529 : Hieronymus Tilesius , German Lutheran theologian and reformer
- 1586 : Polycarp Leyser II , Lutheran theologian
- 1591 : Georg Albrecht von Brandenburg , Margrave of Brandenburg
- 1597 : Theodor Zwinger the Younger , Swiss pastor and professor of theology
- 1610 : Othmar Appenzeller , Mayor of St. Gallen
- 1622 : Bernhard Schultze , German legal scholar and cameraman
- 1624 : Gottfried von Jena , German diplomat and Prussian politician
- 1625 : Paulus Potter , Dutch painter (date of baptism)
- 1627 : Charlotte von Hessen-Kassel , Hessian noblewoman, wife of Elector Karl I. Ludwig
- 1629 : Ernst August , Elector of Hanover
- 1648 : Joseph Adelmann , German Jesuit and university professor
- 1656 : Eleonore Charlotte von Württemberg-Mömpelgard , Princess of Württemberg-Mömpelgard
18th century
- 1727 : Maria Josefa von Harrach , Princess of Liechtenstein
- 1729 : Charles Henri d'Estaing , French naval officer and admiral
- 1737 : Johann Jacob Ebert , German mathematician, poet and astronomer, journalist and author
- 1737 : Georg David Matthieu , German portrait painter and engraver
- 1741 : Christian Friedrich Schmidt , German philosopher and theologian
- 1752 : Thomas Chatterton , British poet
- 1752 : Leopold Layer , Slovenian painter
- 1752 : Robert Wright , American politician
- 1753 : Louis-Alexandre Berthier , French marshal
- 1755 : Franz Josef Gassmann , Swiss printer and dealer, newspaper founder and editor
- 1758 : Georg Friedrich Fickert , German hymn poet and pastor
- 1761 : Pius VIII , Pope
- 1762 : Pierre André Latreille , French entomologist
- 1765 : Friedrich Julius von Kniestedt , German lawyer and landowner
- 1770 : Johann Ludwig Klohss , German medic
- 1779 : Franz Haniel , German entrepreneur
- 1784 : Marianne von Willemer , Austrian actress and dancer, friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- 1787 : Johann Nikolaus von Dreyse , German inventor, designer and entrepreneur
- 1791 : Ferrante Aporti , Italian educator and theologian
- 1794 : Eduard Rüppell , German natural scientist and Africa explorer
19th century
1801-1850
- 1804 : Friedrich Paschen , German geodesist and astronomer
- 1807 : Peter Tidemand Malling , Norwegian printer, publisher and bookseller
Gustav Körner
(* 1809)
Selma Lagerlöf
(* 1858)
Sinaida Hippius
(* 1869)
Friedrich Werner von der Schulenburg (* 1875)
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- 1809 : Gustav Körner , German-American lawyer and statesman
- 1810 : Christian Johann Heinrich Schmidt , German engine driver
- 1811 : Heinrich Friedrich Theodor Apfelstedt , German pastor and local researcher
- 1817 : Jacobus Isaac Doedes , Dutch Reformed theologian
- 1818 : Karol Szajnocha , Polish writer and historian
- 1819 : Georg Gustav Ludwig August Mylius , German missionary
- 1820 : Johann Wilhelm Greven , German publisher and bookseller
- 1823 : Edmond Dédé , American composer and violinist
- 1823 : Klara Weise , German author of children's and young people's books
- 1824 : Sydenham Elnathan Ancona , American politician
- 1825 : António de Serpa Pimentel , Portuguese politician
- 1838 : William Painter , American inventor (bottle cap)
- 1841 : Carl Berner , Norwegian politician
- 1841 : Victor D'Hondt , Belgian professor of civil and tax law
- 1841 : Wilfrid Laurier , Prime Minister of Canada
- 1850 : Arthur Goring Thomas , English composer
1851-1900
- 1851 : Margaret of Italy , Queen of Italy
- 1855 : Emil Marriot , Austrian realist writer
- 1858 : Selma Lagerlöf , Swedish writer, Nobel Prize winner
- 1858 : Nellie Stewart , Australian actress and singer
- 1858 : Franz Zorn von Bulach , auxiliary bishop of Strasbourg and titular bishop of Erythrae
- 1862 : Georges Palante , French philosopher and anarchist
- 1864 : Gerhard Wilhelm Kernkamp , Dutch historian
- 1866 : Maria Letizia Bonaparte , Duchess of Aosta
- 1868 : August Euler , German aviation pioneer
- 1869 : Sinaida Hippius , Russian writer
- 1873 : Ramón S. Castillo Barrionuevo , Argentine President
- 1873 : Walter Evans Edge , American politician
- 1873 : Daniel Gregory Mason , American composer
- 1875 : Friedrich Werner von der Schulenburg , German diplomat and resistance fighter
- 1879 : Heinrich Lilienfein , German writer and general secretary of the Schiller Foundation Weimar
- 1882 : Grete Dierkes , Austrian actress
- 1882 : Felix Linnemann , German football official (President of the DFB ) and policeman
- 1883 : Alcibíades Arosemena Quinzada , President of Panama
- 1883 : Theodor Roemer , German agricultural scientist
- 1885 : Hermann Keller , German church musician and musicologist
- 1886 : Karl von Frisch , Austrian behavioral scientist, Nobel Prize winner
- 1886 : Robert Hunter , American golfer
- 1887 : Eck Robertson , American country musician
- 1889 : Edwin Hubble , American astronomer
- 1890 : Hermann Adler , German officer
- 1890 : Robert William Armstrong , American actor
- 1892 : Richard Theophil Imanuel Aeckerle , German painter, draftsman, sculptor and lithographer
- 1892 : Erik Nölting , German politician, MdL, two-time state minister, MdB
- 1892 : Grete Reiner , German translator and editor
- 1896 : Hayashi Tatsuo , Japanese philosopher, cultural and literary critic
- 1897 : Germaine Krull , German photographer
- 1899 : Angelika Hoerle , German painter and graphic artist, Cologne Dadaist
- 1900 : Jean d'Aulan , French bobsledder, aviator and racing car driver
- 1900 : Vincentius Eugenio Bossilkoff , Bulgarian bishop
20th century
1901-1925
- 1902 : Giampiero Combi , Italian football player
- 1902 : Erik Eriksen , Danish politician
- 1902 : Wolfgang Kunkel , German lawyer and legal historian
- 1903 : Hugo Barth , German decathlete and hurdler
- 1903 : Alexandra Dionissijewna Danilowa , Russian ballet dancer and choreographer
- 1905 : Georgia Lind , German actress
- 1905 : Friedl Rinder , German chess player
- 1906 : Herbert Bochow , German communist and resistance fighter
- 1906 : Hanns Koren , Austrian folklorist and politician, founder of the festival ( steirischer herbst )
- 1907 : Henri-Georges Clouzot , French film director
- 1909 : Marianne Breslauer , German photographer and art dealer
- 1910 : Bernhard Klamroth , German officer, resistance fighter of July 20, 1944
- 1911 : Jean Shiley , American athlete
- 1912 : Eleonore Dörner , German Germanist and writer
- 1912 : Otto Habsburg-Lothringen , German-Austrian writer, publicist and politician, MEP, son of the last Austrian emperor
- 1913 : Russell Rouse , American director, producer, and screenwriter
- 1913 : Libertas Schulze-Boysen , German resistance fighter, member of the Rote Kapelle resistance group
- 1914 : Charles Berlitz , American writer
- 1917 : Robert Byrd , American politician
- 1917 : Heiner Gautschy , Swiss radio and television journalist
- 1917 : Evelyn Keyes , American actress
- 1918 : Dora Ratjen , German athlete
- 1919 : Alan Brown , British racing driver and team owner
- 1919 : Phyllis Thaxter , American actress
- 1920 : Anne-Marie Fabian , German journalist and writer
- 1920 : Renate Mannhardt , German actress
- 1921 : Jim Garrison , US attorney, involved in the investigations and indictments of the John F. Kennedy murder
- 1921 : Edith Lechtape , German actress and photo artist
- 1921 : Ursula Ziebarth , German writer
- 1923 : Tonino Delli Colli , Italian cameraman
Nadine Gordimer
(* 1923)
Benoît B. Mandelbrot
(* 1924)
Robert F. Kennedy
(* 1925)
- 1923 : Nadine Gordimer , South African writer, Nobel Prize winner
- 1924 : Karen Harup , Danish swimmer
- 1924 : Benoît Mandelbrot , French mathematician
- 1925 : Gertrud Benker , German writer
- 1925 : June Christy , American jazz singer
- 1925 : Gizella Farkas , Hungarian table tennis player
- 1925 : Robert F. Kennedy , American politician, federal attorney-general, senator, assassination victim
- 1925 : Maja Michailowna Plissezkaja , Soviet-Russian dancer and choreographer
- 1925 : Manlio Scopigno , Italian football player and coach
1926-1950
- 1926 : Peter Kingsley Archer , British politician
- 1926 : Choi Eun-hee , South Korean actress
- 1927 : Estelle Parsons , American actress
- 1928 : Elsbeth Lange , German palynologist
- 1929 : Raymond Lefèvre , French band leader
- 1929 : Herbert Lucy , German trade unionist
- 1930 : Wanda Brunner , Austrian politician
- 1931 : Rudi Hirsch , German handball player
- 1935 : Anne LaBastille , American author and ecologist
- 1935 : Irene Schuch , German discus thrower
- 1936 : Don DeLillo , American writer
- 1936 : Hamid Gul , Pakistani Army General
- 1936 : Helmut Jahn , German painter
- 1937 : René Kollo , German tenor
- 1937 : Ruth Laredo , American pianist
- 1937 : Viktorija Samoilovna Tokareva , Russian writer
- 1938 : Richard Aoki , American civil rights activist
- 1939 : Copi , Argentinean comic artist
- 1940 : Helma Sanders-Brahms , German film director
- 1941 : Dino Armas , Uruguayan theater director and dramaturge
- 1941 : Dr. John , American rock 'n' roll, blues, and jazz musician and producer
- 1941 : Gary Karr , American musician
- 1942 : Joe Biden , American politician
- 1942 : Norman Greenbaum , American singer and songwriter
- 1942 : Rüdiger Kuhlbrodt , German actor and director
- 1942 : Meredith Monk , American composer, choreographer and performance artist
- 1942 : Paulos Faraj Rahho , Iraqi priest, Archbishop of Mosul
- 1943 : Roberto Octavio Balmori Cinta , Roman Catholic Bishop of Ciudad Valles
- 1943 : Suze Rotolo , American artist
- 1944 : Henk Alkema , Dutch composer
- 1944 : Hervé Bayard , French racing car driver
- 1944 : Klaus Weiß , German handball goalkeeper
- 1946 : Duane Allman , American musician and songwriter
- 1946 : Alice Aycock , American sculptor
- 1947 : Joe Walsh , American musician, singer, and songwriter
- 1948 : John R. Bolton , American diplomat
- 1948 : Barbara Hendricks , American singer
- 1949 : Ronald Augustin , Dutch terrorist
- 1950 : Gary Green , British musician
1951-1975
- 1951 : León Gieco , Argentine musician
- 1953 : Halid Bešlić , Bosnian singer
- 1954 : Aneka , Scottish folk singer
- 1954 : Kaspar Heidelbach , German director
- 1954 : Frank Marino , Canadian rock musician
- 1956 : Bo Derek , American actress
- 1956 : Olli Dittrich , German actor and comedian
- 1956 : Helmfried von Lüttichau , German actor
- 1957 : Stefan Bellof , German racing car driver
- 1959 : Franz-Peter Tebartz-van Elst , German bishop
- 1959 : Sean Young , American actress
- 1959 : Orlando Figes , British historian
- 1960 : Veronika Maria Bellmann , German politician, Member of the Bundestag
- 1961 : Scott Anthony Angelle , American politician
- 1963 : Don Braden , American tenor saxophonist
- 1964 : Katharina Böhm , Austrian actress
- 1964 : Linda William ' , French pop singer
- 1965 : Yoshiki Hayashi , Japanese musician and producer
- 1966 : Pierpaolo Bisoli , Italian football player and coach
- 1966 : Silke "Silla" Gnad , German handball player
- 1966 : Ulf Krokfors , Finnish jazz bassist
- 1967 : Klaus Weese , German freestyle skier
- 1968 ; Jan Peter , German director and author
- 1969 : Ron Holzschuh , German actor, musician, dancer and choreographer
- 1970 : Michael Altinger , German cabaret artist and author
- 1970 : Matt Blunt , American politician
- 1970 : Phife Dawg , American rapper
- 1970 : Gabriele Rauscher , German freestyle skier
- 1970 : Susanne Schlenzig , German actress
- 1970 : Gunnar Solka , German actor
- 1971 : Igor Jeftić , German actor
- 1971 : Marco Oppedisano , American composer and guitarist
- 1972 : Johan Åkerman , Swedish ice hockey player
- 1973 : Matias Faldbakken , Norwegian writer and artist
- 1973 : Neil Hodgson , British motorcycle racer
- 1973 : Silke Lichtenhagen , German athlete
- 1973 : Ellen Schlootz , German actress
- 1974 : Marina Andrievskaya , Swedish badminton player
- 1974 : Daniela Anschütz-Thoms , German speed skater, Olympic champion
- 1974 : Florian David Fitz , German actor
- 1974 : Claudio Husaín , Argentinian football player
- 1974 : Kurt Krömer , German actor
- 1974 : Stefen Schmitt , German film editor
- 1975 : Dierks Bentley , American country musician
- 1975 : Davey Havok , American musician ( AFI )
- 1975 : Anait Karpowa , Russian pianist
- 1975 : Tímea Vágvölgyi , Hungarian erotic model
1976-2000
- 1977 : Sandra Quellmann , German radio and television presenter
- 1978 : Nadine Velazquez , Puerto Rican-American actress and model
- 1979 : Dmitri Bulykin , Russian football player
- 1979 : Bojana Popović , Serbian handball player
- 1981 : Carlos Boozer , American basketball player
- 1982 : Shermine Shahrivar , German photo model, Miss Germany 2004
- 1983 : Dele Aiyenugba , Nigerian soccer player
- 1985 : Marcus Wengler , German actor
- 1986 : Ashley Fink , American actress and singer
- 1986 : Özer Hurmacı , German-Turkish soccer player
- 1986 : Jaina Lee Ortiz , American actress
- 1986 : Andrew Ranger , Canadian racing car driver
- 1986 : Oliver Sykes , English metalcore singer and front man
- 1986 : Kōdai Tsukakoshi , Japanese racing driver
- 1987 : Valdet Rama , Albanian football player
- 1988 : Roberto Rosales , Venezuelan football player
- 1988 : Dušan Tadić , Serbian football player
- 1988 : Rhys Wakefield , Australian actor
- 1989 : Abby Erceg , New Zealand soccer player
- 1989 : Eduardo Vargas , Chilean football player
- 1991 : Aubrey Bledsoe , American soccer player
- 1992 : Frédéric Veseli , Albanian football player
- 1992 : Juju , German singer
- 1993 : Viviane Asseyi , French soccer player
- 1993 : Alexander Bischoff , German handball player
- 1996 : Denis Zakaria , Swiss football player
- 2000 : Connie Talbot , British singer
21st century
- 2002 : Madisyn Shipman , American actress
- 2004 : Youssoufa Moukoko , German soccer player
Died
Before the 16th century
- 869 : Edmund of East Anglia , King of East Anglia
- 870 : Hunbeorht , Bishop of Elmham
- 967 : Abu l-Faraj ʿAlī ibn al-Husain al-Quraschī al-Isfahānī , Arab historian, man of letters and poet
- 996 : Richard I , first Duke of Normandy
- 1008 : Gottfried I , Duke of Brittany
- 1022 : Bernward von Hildesheim , bishop and founder of the Hildesheim workshops, saint
- 1092 : Malik Shah I , Sultan of the Great Seljuks
- 1115 : Udalschalk , Count of Lurn
- 1157 : Fulk of Angoulême , Archbishop of Tire and Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem
- 1170 : Gerung , abbot of the Bosau monastery and bishop of Meissen
- 1189 : Hermann von Friedingen , Bishop of Constance
Magnus II of Mecklenburg
(† 1441)
Melchior de Polignac
(† 1741)
Paula Modersohn-Becker
(† 1907)
Leo Tolstoy
(† 1910)
_-_Portrait_of_Leo_Tolstoy_(1887).jpg)
- 1372 : Elizabeth Comyn , English noblewoman
- 1441 : Magnus II , Duke of Mecklenburg
- 1460 : Ulrich von Eyczing , founder of the Mailberger Bund
- 1480 : Eleanor of Scotland , Duchess of Tyrol
- 1497 : Nikolaus Kempf , German mystic and theologian
16th to 18th century
- 1503 : Magnus II , Duke of Mecklenburg
- 1506 : Yeonsangun , tenth king of the Korean Joseon dynasty
- 1509 : Konrad Altheimer , administrator of the Olomouc bishopric and auxiliary bishop in Olomouc
- 1519 : Andries Boelens , Mayor and Regent of Amsterdam
- 1559 : Frances Brandon , English nobleman
- 1559 : Kaspar Brusch , German humanist and theologian, historian and poet
- 1633 : Johann Georg Agricola , German medic
- 1657 : Menasse ben Israel , Sephardic Jew, scholar, diplomat, writer, Kabbalist, printer and publisher
- 1662 : Leopold Wilhelm of Austria , governor of the Spanish Netherlands, general and patron of the arts
- 1695 : Zumbi , last leader of the autonomous kingdom of Palmares of escaped and free-born slaves in today's state of Alagoas, Brazil
- 1704 : Charles Plumier , French botanist, explorer and member of the Paulan Order
- 1708 : Paul Strudel , Austrian sculptor
- 1711 : Gerrit Roosen , Hamburg merchant and preacher of the Mennonite community in Altona
- 1741 : Melchior de Polignac , French cardinal, diplomat and poet
- 1758 : Johan Helmich Roman , Swedish composer
- 1771 : Thomas Jefferys , English geographer, cartographer, engraver, bookseller, publisher and printer
- 1773 : Charles Jennens , English landowner, patron and librettist
- 1774 : Georg Ludwig Alefeld , German medic and physicist
- 1783 : Karl Friedrich Abt , German director
19th century
- 1824 : Carl Axel Arrhenius , Swedish artillery officer, amateur geologist and chemist
- 1827 : Alexei Nikolajewitsch Titow , Russian composer
- 1847 : Henry Francis Lyte , British theologian and hymn poet
- 1856 : Farkas Wolfgang Bolyai , Hungarian mathematician and poet
- 1861 : Christian Friedrich Brendel , German engineer
- 1863 : James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin , English colonial administrator and diplomat
- 1867 : Guido Theodor Apel , German writer and founder
- 1882 : Ludwig von Arco-Zinneberg , German politician
- 1882 : Henry Draper , American astronomer
- 1882 : Béla Kéler , Hungarian composer
- 1886 : John Arnot Jr. , American politician
- 1887 : Louis Gallait , Belgian painter
- 1889 : August Engelbrekt Ahlqvist , Finnish linguist
- 1889 : Louise Zeller , German writer
- 1893 : Kalle Løchen , Norwegian painter and actor
- 1894 : Anton Rubinstein , Russian pianist, composer and conductor
- 1897 : Ernest Giles , Australian explorer
20th century
1901-1950
- 1901 : Ludwig Helfenstein , German lawyer, university professor, publicist and politician
- 1907 : Paula Modersohn-Becker , German expressionist painter
- 1910 : Leo Tolstoy , Russian writer
- 1912 : Friedrich Seifriz , Austrian landowner and politician
- 1916 : James Guillaume , Swiss anarchist and writer
- 1917 : Frederick Herbert Torrington , Canadian organist, conductor, composer and music teacher
- 1918 : John Bauer , Swedish painter
- 1924 : Thomas Harper Ince , American film director and producer
- 1924 : Lee Stack , British Major General, Governor General of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and Commander in Chief of the Egyptian Army
- 1925 : Alexandra of Denmark , Danish princess and wife of the British King Edward VII.
- 1925 : Stefan Żeromski , Polish writer
- 1927 : Wilhelm Stenhammar , Swedish composer, conductor and pianist
- 1931 : David Bruce , Australian-English doctor and microbiologist
- 1934 : Florian Berndl , Austrian naturopath
- 1936 : Buenaventura Durruti , Spanish anarchist, syndicalist and revolutionary
- 1936 : José Antonio Primo de Rivera , Spanish fascist politician
- 1940 : Harriot Eaton Stanton Blatch , American suffragette and publicist
- 1942 : Julius Andree , German professor
- 1944 : Norman Wilks , Canadian pianist and music teacher
- 1945 : Francis William Aston , English physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- 1947 : Wolfgang Borchert , German writer
- 1947 : Georg Kolbe , German sculptor
- 1950 : Francesco Cilea , Italian composer
1951-2000
- 1952 : Benedetto Croce , Italian philosopher, literary historian and politician
- 1952 : Jock Porter , British motorcycle racer, entrepreneur and motorcycle designer
- 1954 : Alexei Alexejewitsch Ignatjew , Russian and Soviet general and diplomat
- 1954 : Clyde Vernon Cessna , American aviation pioneer
- 1955 : Tomasz Stefan Arciszewski , Polish politician
- 1956 : Emmerich Hanus , Austrian film actor, director and producer
- 1957 : Fritz Erle , German engineer and racing car driver
- 1959 : JR Tremblay , Canadian actor and writer
- 1960 : Seth Abderhalden , Swiss mountaineer and extreme climber
- 1963 : Johann von Vásáry , Hungarian theater actor, theater director, theater director, writer, film director and screenwriter
- 1970 : Heinrich Oskar Marzell , German botanist
- 1972 : Ennio Flaiano , Italian writer
- 1972 : Erwin Stresemann , German zoologist
- 1973 : Allan Sherman , American comedian and record producer
- 1974 : Manuel Dicenta , Spanish actor
- 1974 : Laura Carola Mazirel , Dutch lawyer, author, resistance fighter
- 1975 : Herbert Aschmann , German painter
- 1975 : Francisco Franco , Spanish general and dictator
- 1977 : Lester Koenig , American music producer
- 1977 : Conrad Letendre , Canadian organist, composer and music teacher
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- 1978 : Robert Alan Aurthur , American writer, screenwriter, and film producer
- 1978 : Giorgio de Chirico , Italian painter and graphic artist, one of the pioneers of surrealism
- 1980 : Eugenia Umińska , Polish violinist and music teacher
- 1981 : Herbert Behrens-Hangeler , German painter and graphic artist
- 1981 : Rolf Bongs , German writer
- 1984 : Mario Celoria , Italian football player
- 1990 : Herbert Kegel , German conductor
- 1991 : Helga Hahnemann , German entertainer
- 1993 : Emile Ardolino , American film director, film producer and stage actor
- 1998 : Roland Alphonso , Jamaican tenor saxophonist
- 1999 : Erich Dittmann , German painter, graphic artist, draftsman
- 1999 : Amintore Fanfani , Italian politician, head of government
21st century
- 2000 : Mike Muuss , American software developer, author of the free network program Ping
- 2002 : Florian Dąbrowski , Polish composer and music teacher
- 2002 : Gaby von Schönthan (born Gabriele Philipp , married Gabriele Frischauer ), Austrian actress and writer
- 2003 : Robert Alastair Addie , British actor
- 2003 : Loris Azzaro , Italian fashion designer
- 2003 : David Dacko , Central African politician
- 2004 : Aurelio Malfa , Italian actor
- 2005 : Manouchehr Atashi , Persian poet and translator
- 2005 : Erich Mühe , German physician and inventor of the laparoscope
- 2005 : Hans-Peter Reinecke , German actor
- 2006 : Robert Altman , American director, auteur filmmaker and film producer
- 2007 : Rudolf Sachsenweger , German ophthalmologist
- 2007 : Ian Smith , Rhodesian politician
- 2007 : Konrad Thurano , German wire rope artist
- 2008 : Boris Fyodorov , Russian economist and politician
- 2008 : Jan Machulski , Polish actor and director
- 2008 : Baldassarre Monti , Italian motorcycle racer
- 2009 : Doris Ebbing , German local politician
- 2009 : HC Robbins Landon , American musicologist
- 2009 : Elisabeth Söderström , Swedish opera and concert singer
- 2010 : Roxana Briban , Romanian soprano
- 2010 : Walter Helmut Fritz , German poet, essayist and novelist
- 2010 : Chalmers Johnson , American professor of political science and Asia expert
- 2010 : Heinz Weiss , German actor
- 2011 : Russell Garcia , American composer and arranger
- 2011 : Mario Martiradonna , Italian football player
- 2011 : Eberhard Piltz , German journalist
- 2012 : Kaspars Astašenko , Latvian ice hockey player
- 2012 : Albert Cramer , German entrepreneur
- 2013 : Dieter Hildebrandt , German cabaret artist, actor and book author
- 2015 : Hans Krause (cabaret artist)
- 2016 : William Trevor , Irish writer
- 2017 : Dieter Bellmann , German actor and director
- 2018 : Aaron Klug , British biochemist and Nobel Prize winner
Holidays and memorial days
- Church memorial days
- St. Bernward von Hildesheim , German nobleman and bishop (Protestant, Catholic)
- St. Korbinian , Franconian hermit and bishop, patron saint and city patron (Catholic)
- Name days
The list of days of remembrance and action contains further entries .
Commons : November 20th - Collection of images, videos and audio files
