1506

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1506
Albrecht IV of Bavaria regulates the indivisibility of the Duchy of Bavaria .	The red tower in Halle an der Saale is completed.
The foundation stone for the construction of St. Peter's Church is laid.
1506 in other calendars
Armenian calendar	954/955 (turn of the year July)
Ethiopian calendar	1498/99
Aztec calendar	13th house - Matlactli omey Calli (until the end of January / beginning of February: 12th Feuerstein - Matlactli omome Tecpatl )
Buddhist calendar	2049/50 (southern Buddhism); 2048/49 (alternative calculation according to Buddhas Parinirvana )
Chinese calendar	70th (71st) cycle Year of the fire tiger丙寅 ( at the beginning of the year wood buffalo 乙丑)
Chula Sakarat (Siam, Myanmar) / Dai calendar (Vietnam)	868/869 (turn of the year April)
Dangun era (Korea)	3839/40 (October 2/3)
Iranian calendar	884/885
Islamic calendar	911/912 (turn of the year 23/24 May)
Jewish calendar	5266/67 (September 18-19)
Coptic calendar	1222/23
Malayalam calendar	681/682
Seleucid era	Babylon: 1816/17 (turn of the year April) Syria: 1817/18 (turn of the year October)
Spanish era	1544
Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar)	1562/63 (turn of the year April)

Events

Politics and world events

Eastern Europe

• MAY 22: The expedition of the Grand Duchy of Moscow against the renegade Khanate of Kazan ends in failure. The Russian troops are defeated. In the vicinity of Arsk a victory against the Tartars succeeds on June 22nd when the Russians celebrate their victory, however Khan Moxammat Amin returns and defeats them devastatingly. Although this victory of the Tatars is one of the greatest victories of the last decades, Moxammat seeks peace for unknown reasons and pays Grand Duke Vasily III. a war indemnity.
• August 19: After the unexpected death of the Polish King and Lithuanian Grand Duke Alexander , his Moscow brother-in-law Vasily III. , supported by his sister and a Lithuanian group around Prince Michail Lwowitsch Glinski , hopes for a successor in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania . They are nullified with the election of Sigismund I , Alexander's brother, as ruler of the entire Polish-Lithuanian Union on October 20th.

Central Europe

• January 22nd: The first mercenaries of the Swiss Guard under the leadership of their captain Kaspar von Silenen arrive in Rome and are blessed by Pope Julius II .
• July 8th: With the Primogeniture Act , Duke Albrecht IV of Bavaria regulates the future indivisibility of the Duchy of Bavaria . The first-born son inherits everything alone, other offspring are financially secure.
• October 7th: Pope Julius II puts Giovanni II Bentivoglio , lord of Bologna, under the ecclesiastical ban. In the next few weeks the city is conquered by papal troops, supported by French units, and becomes part of the Papal States . Giovanni Bentivoglio flees to Busseto . Julius II triumphantly entered the city on November 10th.
• The dukes Nicholas VI died within a short time . and Johann IV , whereupon the youngest brother Valentin from the Opava branch of the Přemyslids becomes the sole Duke of Opava-Ratibor .

Spain

• March 22nd: 16 months after the death of Isabella I of Castile , her husband Ferdinand II of Aragón marries Countess Germaine de Foix , daughter of Jean de Foix , comte d'Etampes, vicomte de Narbonne in Dueñas .

Statue of Joan in
front of the fortress of Tordesillas

• September 25th: After the death of King Philip I of Castile, his wife Johanna is said to be becoming increasingly insane. It may also be an intrigue to keep them out of power. Allegedly because of her condition, she is imprisoned in the fortress of Tordesillas under the care of the nuns of the Santa Clara Monastery . Joan's father Ferdinand II of Aragón takes over the reign of the kingdom.
• October: Cesare Borgia , who has been in Spanish captivity for two years, manages a spectacular escape from the prison tower of La Mota in Medina del Campo . He succeeds in traveling unrecognized to his brother-in-law Jean d'Albret , the King of Navarre , in Pamplona , where he allies himself with him.

Portugal and its colonies

Francisco de Almeida

• 16./17. March: In a sea battle off Cannanore , a Portuguese fleet under Lourenço de Almeida, the son of the Indian viceroy Francisco de Almeida, triumphs over the Prince of Calicut and thus consolidates the Portuguese influence on the Malabar coast . The Bolognese Ludovico de Varthema , who takes part in the battle, reports about it in detail in his travelogue ( Itinerario ).

Title page of a leaflet on the Lisbon massacre

• April 19: In a massacre against so-called " crypto Jews " in Lisbon , around 2000 new Christians ( Jews who were forcibly baptized ) die. The massacre by the royal troops of Manuel I only ended after three days . The main perpetrators are punished and the new Christians are given some concessions.
• The Portuguese admiral Tristão da Cunha sets off with 15 ships for Portuguese India . On the trip he discovered three volcanic islands in the South Atlantic , one of which - Tristan da Cunha - was later named after him.
• Tristão da Cunha and Afonso de Albuquerque conquer the Ilha de Moçambique .
• Portugal occupies the island of Mogador off Essaouira in Morocco and begins building port facilities and a fortress. At Souira Kedima , too , with the Castelo de Aguz, a fortress building in the Algarve begins on the other side of the sea .

science and technology

cartography

Contarini-Rosselli card

• The Contarini-Rosselli map , the first printed map of the world to show the New World , was drawn by Giovanni Matteo Contarini and engraved by Francesco Rosselli in Florence or Venice . The map already takes into account the curvature of the earth by means of stereographic projection .

University start-ups

• March 15: Pope Julius II approves the establishment of the Viadrina University in Frankfurt an der Oder . Elector Joachim I of Brandenburg opens the university on April 26th. The building was erected on top of a synagogue that was destroyed in a pogrom.
• The University of Urbino is founded.

Culture

architecture

• July 24th: The Red Tower on the market square in Halle an der Saale is completed 88 years after the start of construction.

Visual arts

→ Main article : Art year 1506

The Laocoon Group

• January 14th: In his vineyards on the Esquiline in Rome, the winemaker Felice de Fredi discovers the marble group of Laocoon figures created around the birth of Christ by the sculptors Hagesandros , Polydoros and Athanadoros .

The feast of the Rosary , with Dürer himself in the background, leaning against a tree

Albrecht Dürer paints one of his few altarpieces, The Rosary Festival, as an altarpiece for the Church of San Bartolomeo in Venice . The picture, which also includes a self-portrait , suddenly made Dürer, who up until this point had mainly created graphics and drawings, famous.

literature

→ Main article : Literature year 1506

• May 4: The printer Lucantonio Giunta produces one of the earliest known printed miniature books on parchment in Venice , the Officium Beatae Mariae Virginis secundum consuetudinem romane curie .
• The book printer Hans Dorn produces the book Dath boke der Hilgen Ewangelien. Lectures. Profecien unde Episteles… . It is the oldest book printed in Braunschweig and still preserved today.

music

→ Main article : Music year 1506

Ottaviano dei Petrucci : Page from Lamentationum Jeremie , 1506

religion

• March 18: Pope Julius II decides that the relic of the Assumption Head stolen from St. Stephen's Church in Mainz in 1500 may remain in Düren .
• April 18: Pope Julius II lays the foundation stone for the new St. Peter's Church in Rome. The first draft for the new building comes from Donato Bramante , who is the project's first construction manager . In contrast to the long-held view, his first considerations do not concern a plan over a Greek cross , but are developed over the floor plan of the old basilica with a view to a longitudinal building .

Disasters

• 1506/1507: The English sweat breaks out a second time.

Historical maps and views

Drawing of the Godesburg on a church window; created around 1506

Born

Date of birth saved

• February 15: Juliana zu Stolberg , ancestor of the older and younger line of the House of Orange († 1580)
• February: George Buchanan , Scottish humanist philosopher and historian († 1582)
• March 9th: Ash-Shahīd ath-Thānī , Twelve Shiite legal scholar and theologian († 1559)
• April 7: Francisco de Xavier , Spanish Jesuit and saint, apostle of India and Japan († 1552)
• April 8: Jachiam Tütschett Bifrun , Swiss Reformed Bible translator († 1572)
• April 13: Peter Faber , one of the companions of Ignatius of Loyola and co-founder of the Jesuits († 1546)
• July 1: Ludwig II , King of Bohemia and Hungary († 1526)
• September 13: John Leland , English clergyman and librarian of King Henry VIII († 1552)
• October 31: Niklaus Zurkinden , Swiss politician († 1588)
• December 8: Veit Dietrich , German theologian and Lutheran reformer († 1549)

Exact date of birth unknown

• Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi , ruler in the East African sultanate of Adal († 1543)
• Marcantonio Amulio , Cardinal of the Catholic Church († 1572)
• Chakkraphat , King of the Siamese Kingdom of Ayutthaya († 1569)
• Nikolaus Federmann , German-Spanish commercial agent, discoverer and conquistador of the Welser († 1542)
• Johann I , non-ruling Count of East Frisia († 1572)
• Augustin Marlorat , French reformer († 1562)
• Diego García de Paredes , Spanish conquistador († 1563)
• Ruprecht , Count of Veldenz († 1544)
• Stefan IV , Prince of Moldova († 1527)
• Tansen , Indian musician († 1589)

Died

Date of death secured

• January 21: Johann IV. Roth , Bishop of Lavant and Prince-Bishop of Breslau (* 1426)
• March 21: Hans Haunold , Silesian wholesaler, councilor of Breslau and governor of the Bohemian hereditary principality of Breslau (* 1445)

• May 2: Johann Steinwert von Soest , German singer, poet and doctor (* 1448)
• May 15: Johannes Burckard , master of ceremonies at the Roman Curia (* around 1450)

Tomb of Columbus in Seville Cathedral

• May 20: Christopher Columbus , Genoese navigator and explorer in Castilian service (* 1451)

• July 1: Matthias Rejsek , Czech stonemason, sculptor, builder and architect (* around 1445)
• July 26th: Anne de Foix-Candale , French countess from the House of Grailly and Queen of Bohemia and Hungary (* 1484)

• August 15: Alexander Agricola , Franco-Flemish composer, singer and instrumentalist (* 1446)
• August 16: Dietrich Arndes , Bishop of Lübeck (* 1442)

Sarcophagus of Alexander of Poland and Lithuania

• August 19: Alexander , Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland (* 1461)
• August 26: Sesshū Tōyō , Japanese Zen monk and painter of the Muromachi period (* 1420)
• August 28: Johannes von Thun , Bishop of Schwerin (* before 1450)

• September 13: Andrea Mantegna , Italian painter and engraver (* 1431)
• September 25: Philip I , Duke of Burgundy and King of Castile and León (* 1478)
• September 29: Juan de Castro , Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church (* 1431)

• October 20: Adolf von Limburg-Styrum , German nobleman (* around 1450)
• November 20: Yeonsangun , tenth king of the Korean Joseon dynasty (* 1476)
• November 28: Jörg Kling , stonemason, architect and master builder of St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna (* around 1450)

Exact date of death unknown

• Georg Fugger , German businessman (* 1453)
• Chödrak Gyatso , 7th Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism (* 1454)
• Riccardo Quartararo , Neapolitan-Sicilian painter (* 1443)
• Marcantonio Sabellico , Italian historian and librarian (* around 1436)

Web links

Commons : 1506  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files