Johannes of Thun

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Johannes von Thun , also Johannes Thun (* before 1450; † August 28, 1506 ) was from 1504 to 1506 as Johannes III. Bishop of the Diocese of Schwerin . He came from the Mecklenburg-Pomerania vassal family von Thun , who were wealthy in the Schlemmin area and also on Zepelin and Steinhorst .

Life

Johannes von Thun was enrolled as militaris de terra Rostock ( knight from the state of Rostock ) on April 13, 1463 at the University of Rostock and studied in 1480 at the University of Bologna . At that time he was already pleban at St. Petri in Rostock, which office he still held in 1499, presumably had a deputy administer.

From 1486 to 1488 he was dean of the Premonstratensian - Monastery Rehna . After the elevation of St. Jacobi in Rostock to the collegiate church , from 1486 he belonged to its chapter as cantor. From 1491 to 1504 he was provost in the Dobbertin monastery . During his tenure there, the prioresses Adelheid von Cramon and Abel von Oldenburg lent him money several times, which he paid back to 16 guilders and three shillings after years. In 1495 Johannes von Thun was named as a scholar in the cathedral monastery of S. Maria and S. Johannes Evangelist in the cathedral monastery in Schwerin .

In the meantime, from 1488 to 1504, he was also dean of the Güstrow monastery chapter .

As provost he also had to officially deal with the reform of certain monasteries. According to the document from Rome dated January 9, 1498 with an attached seal in a metal capsule in the Dobbertiner monastery archive , he had to visit the disorder that had been torn in the monasteries of Rühn and Dobbertin . From Pope Alexander VI. Abbot Wolter von Cismar and Timotheus, the prior of the Carthusian monastery Marienehe near Rostock, had been appointed. Other episcopal visitors were Dr. theol. Gherhard Vrylle, Nicolaus Moller as cantor of Bützow and Hermann Melberch as chancellor of the Schwerin bishop Konrad Loste . The visitations lasted six days in Dobbertin and Rühn. Thun could also be found in Ribnitz.

There were two suitable candidates in the cathedral chapter to succeed the Schwerin bishop Konrad Loste . In addition to the archdeacon von Waren and, in 1474, cathedral provost Reimar von Hahn, Johannes Thun, who is known to be capable, was available for election. The chapter senior Ulrich von Malchow (1504–1519) had convened the cathedral chapter on March 5, 1504 for the election of bishops in Schwerin. Because of the different dates given, there may have been multiple rounds of voting. At the time of his election, Roman documents also name him canon and scholastics of the Schwerin cathedral chapter. As a canon he was named 1500–1504. The papal confirmation as bishop of Schwerin took place on May 24, 1504, the episcopal ordination not before August 25, 1504.

Bishop Johann III. was considered a worthy representative of his class as a man of ecclesiastical qualities .

As a bishop, he was eager to raise morals. He also opposed plans for sovereign rulership, such as the establishment of an Augustinian hermit monastery in Sternberg , but without success there. The foundation did not come about until 1500 and he had done little to promote the construction of the monastery. Presumably, the world clergy of Schwerin feared competition from a new settlement of the mendicant order, especially in the attractive pilgrimage site in Sternberg, where the city church received a third of the offerings in the Holy Blood Chapel. Johannes von Thun had taken 1500 Stralsundian Mark Sternberger sacrificial money as Güstrow cathedral dean. After his death, his allodial heirs Joachim von der Lühe auf Kölzow took his fortune for his wife and Henning von der Osten on Kastorf. The canons of Schwerin and Gustrow, Peter Sadelkow, demanded that the Rostock Collegiate Foundation receive its annual share in the Sternberg victim. The heirs refused, arrested him and tortured him. Only after ten years was the matter settled.

There was trouble with Archbishop Johann von Bremen when he exceeded his competence and inappropriately interfering in reform efforts in the Diocese of Schwerin. This led to a complaint from the Schwerin bishop to Pope Pius III. this was a sign of how fearless the new bishop was on his way. Also interesting in several respects is a letter from Emperor Maximilian with threats to Bishop Johannes because of the funds not handed over by the Pope to the imperial coffers in the anniversary year 1500.

Other notable events from the short term of office of Bishop Johann III. are not known. His death was given as August 28, 1506. Other sources cite November 1506 as the date of death with burial in Schwerin Cathedral. With him, the Mecklenburg line of the Thun family, who also sat Zepelin (Steinhorst), died out in the male line.

Episcopal coat of arms

At each end of the predella of the Loste altar in the collegiate church in Bützow there was a painted coat of arms of the bishop. On the left that of Konrad Loste (1483–1503) and on the right of his successor Johannes Thun (1504–1506). The coat of arms description reads: “A golden shield with three watered green cross bands. Behind it a bishop's staff. ”It was still visible in the picture in the lock, but it was no longer there after the last restoration.

Episcopal seal

The seal of Bishop John III. Thun had the same picture in the middle field that Bishop Konrad Loste had in his little seal; only the picture of John had very rich hair growth and the edges of the border of the inscription are curved around the head like a halo. The picture stands above the family coat of arms of the bishop, consisting of three crossbars, between which the median lines are engraved with water. The inscription reads: SECRET. (I.) ... EPI. ZUERINEN. Whether Bishop Jonann III. had a larger seal is not known.

literature

  • Karl Schmaltz : Church history of Mecklenburg . Volume 1, Schwerin 1935.
  • Dietrich Schröder: Papist Mecklenburg I./II. Wismar 1741.
  • Friedrich von Meyenn: An account book from the Dobbertin monastery. In: MJB 59 (1894).
  • Alfred Rische: Directory of the bishops and canons of Schwerin with biographical remarks. Ludwigslust 1900.
  • Friedrich Techen : The Chronicle of the Ribnitz Monastery . Schwerin 1909.
  • Erwin Gatz (ed.): The bishops of the Holy Roman Empire. A biographical lexicon. 1448 to 1648. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-428-08422-5 , p. 696.
  • Helge bei der Wieden , Roderich Schmidt (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 12: Mecklenburg / Pomerania (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 315). Kröner, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-520-31501-7 , p. 339.
  • Josef Traeger : The bishops of the medieval diocese of Schwerin. St. Benno Verlag, Leipzig 1984, pp. 166-169.
  • Josef Traeger: The Bishops of the Diocese of Schwerin . In: The Stiftsland of the Schwerin bishops around Bützow and Warin. St. -Benno-Verlag Leipzig 1984, p. 98.
  • Grete Grewolls: Johann III. Tuna . In: Who was who in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . 2011.
  • Gerhard Müller-Alpermann: Status and origin of the bishops of the Magdeburg and Hamburg church provinces in the Middle Ages . Prenzlau 1930
  • Wolfgang Huschner , Ernst Münch , Cornelia Neustadt, Wolfgang Erich Wagner: Mecklenburg monastery book. Manual of the monasteries, monasteries, comers and priories. (10th / 11th - 16th century). Volume I. and II., Rostock 2016, ISBN 978-3-356-01514-0 .

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Printed sources

Unprinted sources

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry in the Rostock matriculation portal
  2. ^ Johann Peter Wurm: Rehna / Chorfrauenstift. Volume II., Rostock 2016 p. 733.
  3. ^ Wolfgang Eric Wagner: Rostock. Collegial foundation S. Jacobi (secondary canon) . Volume II., Rostock 2016 p. 906.
  4. ^ Horst Alsleben : Compilation of all personalities of the Dobbertin monastery. 2010-2013.
  5. ↑ Ernst Münch, Horst Alsleben: Dobbertin. S. Maria Monastery, S. Johannes Evangelist Volume I., Rostock 2016 p. 182.
  6. ^ Friedrich von Meyenn: An account book of the Dobbertin monastery. In: MJB 59 (1894) p. 178.
  7. ^ Andreas Röpcke: Schwerin. Cathedral monastery S. Maria, S. Johannes Evangelist. Volume II., Rostock 2016 p. 1030.
  8. ↑ Thomas Rastig: Güstrow. Collegiate Foundation S. Maria, S. Johannes Evangelist, S. Cecilia. Volume I., Rostock 2016 p. 338.
  9. ↑ LHAS 1.5-4 / 3 documents, Dobbertin Monastery, Regesten No. 194, 196.
  10. ^ A b Karl Schmaltz: Church history of Mecklenburg . Volume 1, Schwerin 1935, p. 267.
  11. ^ Alfred Rische: Directory of the bishops and canons of Schwerin. 1900 p. 6.
  12. ^ Dietrich Schröder: Papistisches Mecklenburg 2722.
  13. ^ Alfred Rische: Directory of the bishops and canons of Schwerin. 1900 p. 9.
  14. ^ Dietrich Schröder: Papist Mecklenburg . I./II. Wismar 1741, p. 2709.
  15. ↑ Ingo Ulpts: The Augustinian Hermit Convent Heilig-Grab in Sternberg. In: The mendicant orders in Mecklenburg. 1995 pp. 142, 149.
  16. ↑ Friedrich Lisch : The Augustinian Monastery and the Church of the Holy Grave. In: MJB 12 (1847) p. 230.
  17. ^ Dietrich Schröder: Papist Mecklenburg . I./II. Wismar 1741, p. 2709.
  18. ^ Dietrich Schröder: Papistisches Mecklenburg I./II. Wismar 1741, pp. 2278-2279.
  19. ^ Josef Traeger: The Bishops of the Diocese of Schwerin . In: The Stiftsland of the Schwerin bishops around Bützow and Warin . Leipzig 1984, pp. 98-99.
  20. ^ Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Volume 4: The district court districts Schwaan, Bützow, Sternberg, Güstrow, Krakow, Goldberg, Parchim, Lübz and Plau. Bärensprungsche Hofbuchdruckerei, Schwerin 1901, p. 59 (reprint. Stock & Stein-Verlag, Schwerin 1993, ISBN 3-910179-08-8 ).
  21. ^ Friedrich Lisch: History of the episcopal Schwerin coat of arms. In: MJB 8 (1843) p. 27.
predecessor Office successor
Konrad Loste Bishop of Schwerin
1504 - 1506 		Peter Volkov
personal data
SURNAME Thun, Johannes von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES John III
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Schwerin
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
DATE OF DEATH August 28, 1506