Peter Volkov

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Peter Volkov (* in Kolobrzeg ; † 27. May 1516 in Lübeck ) was 1506-1508 dean of Schwerin and 1508-1516 last Bishop of Schwerin .

Life

The last bishop in the Schwerin diocese, after a long period of administration, was Peter Wolkow, who came from a humble background and was well educated, as provost of Schwerin.

Peter Wolkow came from Kolberg and was matriculated at the Rostock University on September 10, 1474. Petrus Wolkow de Kolberga and in 1477 acquired the dignity of a Bachelor of Artium.

From 1496 Peter Wolkow worked in Rome. As can be seen from a papal bull of 1506, he held the post of Litterarum Apostolicarum scriptor et abbreviator with Pope Julius II and was added to the papal family . The dukes of Mecklenburg also valued him as an accomplished counselor and procurator on a wide variety of occasions and occasions, for example in 1500 in Rome when the papal approval was granted for the establishment of the Augustinian hermit monastery in Sternberg . Duke Magnus II himself must have hired the Güstrow provost Peter Wolkow as his lawyer at this point, because on September 19, 1500, Pope Alexander VI. his consent.

The number of ecclesiastical dignities which the future bishop was bestowed over time were also quite extensive. In 1504 he was provost of the collegiate chapter in Güstrow and archdeacon of Tribsees and Parchim . He was also canon and prebender in Ratzeburg and holder of various benefices in the diocese of Schleswig . Until the elevation of episcopal dignity he was canon from 1506 and provost of the cathedral in Schwerin until 1508.

The news of his election as bishop by the Schwerin cathedral chapter on December 11, 1507 reached the elect in Rome, from where he soon returned to Mecklenburg. It is not known when and by whom the episcopal ordination was donated. The episcopal ordination must have taken place before May 30th, 1508, because on this day Bishop Peter made a solen entry into Stralsund , where he performed several episcopal official acts. It was the consecration of a bell tower and six altars in the Marienkirche and two altars in St. Nikolai and St. Jakobi . In Brigitte Klostermarienberg crown crowned Bishop Peter 14 jungkfrowen vnd vnd 12 presters broders in a solemn ceremony that the Brigitte north was peculiar. Because a crown was part of the dress of the Brigits of the double monastery. The 12 priests and brothers are likely to have been admitted to this solemn profession of the religious vows . As it was a hundred years earlier, in Bishop Peter's time there were bloody arguments between the Stralsund patrician sons and the clergy, in which the archdeacon and prelate Reimar Hahn was injured in 1513. Here the city of Stralsund had to give in. In the visitation and jurisdiction dispute with the Brigittenkloster, in which Bishop Peter Wolkow wanted to assert his supposed right with severe punitive measures, an arbitration was only reached after papal intervention from Rome.

Had Bishop Peter Volkov 1500 the registration of Sternberger Augustinian Hermits Convention in Rome successfully enforced, he introduced himself in 1514, without hesitation, to the side of with Urfehde occupied Sternberger schoolmaster Andreas Libory and occupied the convent with excommunication . After the vicar general of the Augustinian Observants Johann von Staupitz had intervened at the episcopal see, Bishop Wolkow lifted the ban on September 10, 1514.

In addition to the existing good relationship with the Princely House, the bishop also preserved the independence of his diocese land in relation to secular power. He showed a special kindness towards the princes, who always lived in financial need, with the voluntary granting of protection money for life. An imperial letter of protection was also obtained for the cathedral chapter on March 20, 1515 .

In May 1516, Bishop Peter fell ill on the occasion of a visit to Lübeck, and on May 23, 1516 he drew up his will, the executors of which he appointed the episcopal brothers of Lübeck and Cammin . On May 27th he died in Lübeck, his body was transferred to Schwerin on May 29th and buried in the choir of the cathedral . A tombstone or epitaph has not been set for him.

As a man of great piety, erudition and agility, Bishop Peter Wolkow was the last bishop before the Reformation to hold this title in the diocese of Schwerin.

seal

Bishop Petrus carried an image of Mary in a round seal in a multiple ornate glory over two horns of plenty. Below is a four-fold shield on which in two and two opposite fields the episcopal alternate in the first and fourth position and his family coat of arms in the second and third position. His family coat of arms is divided three times and has a rose in the lower third, three right rafters in the middle third and an empty shield head in the upper third.

The inscription reads: PETRVS WOLKOW. EPS. SWERINENSIS.

There are also two round ring seals with a portrait of the Mother of God and the Child Jesus, below with a coat of arms and a bishop's staff. An impression of the ring seal is on a document in the Royal Secret Archives (Rigsarkivet) in Copenhagen.

literature

  • Dietrich Schröder: Papist Mecklenburg. I./II. Wisrmar 1741.
  • David Franck : Old and New Mecklenburg. Güstrow / Leipzig 1753.
  • Alfred Rische: Bishops and Canons in Schwerin with biographical remarks. Ludwigslust 1900.
  • Gerhard Müller-Alpermann: Status and origin of the bishops of the Magdeburg and Hamburg church provinces in the Middle Ages. Prenzlau 1930.
  • Karl Schmaltz : Church history of Mecklenburg. Volume I. Schwerin 1935.
  • Bernhard Stasiewski:  Magnus III., Duke of Mecklenburg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 15, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-428-00196-6 , p. 669 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Joseph Traeger: The bishops of the medieval diocese of Schwerin . St. Benno Verlag Leipzig 1984.
  • Joseph Traeger: The Bishops of the Diocese of Schwerin . In: The Stiftsland of the bishops around Bützow and Warin . St. Benno Verlag Leipzig 1984. p. 91.
  • Grete Grewolls: Volkov, Peter . In: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania . (1995) p. 477.
  • Grete Grewolls: Peter . In: Who was who in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (2011).
  • Andreas Röpcke : The will of the Schwerin bishop Peter Wolkow. In: Mecklenburgische Jahrbücher 131 (2016) pp. 359–369.

swell

Printed sources

Unprinted sources

  • State Main Archive Schwerin (LHAS)
    • LHAS 2.12-3 / 1 Diocese of Schwerin.
  • Document book of the Diocese of Lübeck (UBBL)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Müller-Alpermann: Status and origin of the bishops of the Magdeburg and Hamburg church provinces in the Middle Ages . P. 94.
  2. ↑ Year 1474 , No. 94 in the Rostock matriculation portal
  3. ↑ Dietrich Schröder: Papistisches Mecklenburg 1741 p. 1780.
  4. ↑ Ingo Ulpts: The Augustinian Hermit Convent Heilig-Grab in Sternberg. In: The mendicant orders in Mecklenburg. 1995 pp. 138, 143.
  5. ^ David Franck: Old and New Mecklenburg Book Viii: p. 280.
  6. ^ Alfred Rische: Directory of the bishops and canons of Schwerin. 1900 p. 4.
  7. ^ David Franck: Old and New Mecklenburg IX. Book p. 25.
  8. ↑ Johann Berckmann's Stralsundische Chronik and the excerpts still available from old, lost Stralsundic Chronicles, together with an appendix, containing documentary contributions to the church and school history of Stralsund. With two stone impressions. From the manuscripts edited by DG Ch. F. Mohnike and DEH Zober, Stralsund 1833, p. 216.
  9. ↑ Ibid., P. 219 ff.
  10. ^ Hermann Hoogeweg: The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania II. 1925 p. 737.
  11. ↑ LHAS Acta re. The Augustinian monk monastery in Sternberg, four slides overleaf Regest Des bischoffs von Swerin proceß against prior vnd conuent des klosters zu Sternberg, the schoolmaster do half master, vnd syne orphede. (unprinted)
  12. ↑ LHAS Acta re. The Augustinian monastery in Sternberg, a slide overleaf Regest Swerinisch absolucion, given to the monchs from Sternberg. (unprinted)
  13. ↑ Dietrich Schröder: Papistisches Mecklenburg 1741 pp. 2825-2830.
  14. ^ Julius Wiggers: Church history Mecklenburgs . 1840 p. 51.
  15. ^ MJB VIII. (1843) Friedrich Lisch : History of the Episcopal Schwerin coat of arms . P. 27.
personal data
SURNAME Volkov, Peter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Provost of Schwerin and last bishop of Schwerin
DATE OF BIRTH 15th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Kolberg
DATE OF DEATH May 27, 1516
Place of death Lübeck